light is absorbed by the ground. For example, the albedo of forest is between 0.05 and
0.10, that of snow is 0.6 and the albedo of urban areas is between 0.05 and 0.20 [147].
More example can be found in [148].
In summary, the irradiance on a PV module is given by
If only the measured GHI is available, sky models in combination with Eq. (18.21) allows
the retrieval of the irradiance components that are necessary for the evaluation of G M .
0.10, that of snow is 0.6 and the albedo of urban areas is between 0.05 and 0.20 [147].
More example can be found in [148].
In summary, the irradiance on a PV module is given by
If only the measured GHI is available, sky models in combination with Eq. (18.21) allows
the retrieval of the irradiance components that are necessary for the evaluation of G M .