206
Table 6.6 Examples of the application of microwave extraction technique with deep eutectic solvents as extraction solvents
Extraction medium Target compounds
DES:HBA/HBD (molar ratio)
Selected DES
References
Pigeon pea roots
Genistin, genistein, and apigenin Choline chloride/sucrose (1:1), choline chloride/1,2propanediol (1:1), choline chloride/glucose (1:1), choline
chloride/sorbitol (1:1), choline chloride/glycol (1:1), choline
chloride/glycerol (1:1), choline chloride/1,3- butanediol
(1:1), choline chloride/1,4- butanediol (1:1),
glucose/L-proline (1:1), glucose/lactic acid (1:1), and
choline chloride/1,6- hexanediol (1:1, 2:1, 3:1, 4:1, 5:1, 6:1,
7:1, 8:1)
Choline chloride/1,6hexanediol (7:1)
Cui et al.
(2015)
Lonicerae
japonicae Flos
Phenolic acids: chlorogenic acid,
caffeic acid, 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic
acid, 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid,
and 4,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid
Choline chloride/1,2- propanediol (1:2), glycerol (1:2),
choline chloride/ethylene glycol (1:2), choline chloride/1-3
butanediol (1:2), choline chloride/1-4 butanediol (1:2),
choline chloride/urea (1:2), propanedioic acid (1:2), choline
chloride/glucose (1:2), choline chloride/sorbitol (1:2),
oxalic acid/sucrose (1:2), lactic acid/sucrose (1:2), and
lactic acid/glucose (1:2)
Choline chloride/1,3butanediol (6:1)
proved the highest
extraction ability.
Peng et al.
(2016)
Radix Salviae
Miltiorrhizae
Hydrophilic and hydrophobic
components: rosmarinic acid,
lithospermic acid, salvianolic acid
B, salvianolic acid A, and
tanshinone 2 A
Choline chloride/ethylene glycol (1:2), choline chloride/1,2propanediol (1:1, 1:2, and 1:3), choline chloride/glycerol
(1:1, 1:2, 1:3, and 1:4), choline chloride/1,4- butanediol (1:2
and 1:4), choline chloride/oxalic acid (2:1 and 1:1), choline
chloride/succinic acid (2:1 and 1:1), choline chloride/lactic
acid (1:1), choline chloride/malonic acid (1:1 and 1:2),
choline chloride/malic acid (1:1), choline chloride/citric
acid (2:1), choline chloride/maltose (1:1), choline chloride/
fructose (2:1), choline chloride/glucose (2:1), and choline
chloride/urea (1:1, 2:1, and 1:2)
Choline chloride/1,2propanediol (1:1) in
20 vol% of water
Chen et al.
(2016)
Red grape skin
Phenolic compounds
Choline chloride/glycerol (1:2), choline chloride/oxalic acid
(1:1), choline chloride/malic acid (1.5:1), choline chloride/
sorbose (1:1), and choline chloride/proline/malic acid
(1:1:1). 10%, 25%, and 50% w/w DES/water were tested.
Choline chloride/
oxalic acid (1:1) in
25% water
Cvjetko
et al. (2016)
L. Nakhle et al.
Table 6.6 Examples of the application of microwave extraction technique with deep eutectic solvents as extraction solvents
Extraction medium Target compounds
DES:HBA/HBD (molar ratio)
Selected DES
References
Pigeon pea roots
Genistin, genistein, and apigenin Choline chloride/sucrose (1:1), choline chloride/1,2propanediol (1:1), choline chloride/glucose (1:1), choline
chloride/sorbitol (1:1), choline chloride/glycol (1:1), choline
chloride/glycerol (1:1), choline chloride/1,3- butanediol
(1:1), choline chloride/1,4- butanediol (1:1),
glucose/L-proline (1:1), glucose/lactic acid (1:1), and
choline chloride/1,6- hexanediol (1:1, 2:1, 3:1, 4:1, 5:1, 6:1,
7:1, 8:1)
Choline chloride/1,6hexanediol (7:1)
Cui et al.
(2015)
Lonicerae
japonicae Flos
Phenolic acids: chlorogenic acid,
caffeic acid, 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic
acid, 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid,
and 4,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid
Choline chloride/1,2- propanediol (1:2), glycerol (1:2),
choline chloride/ethylene glycol (1:2), choline chloride/1-3
butanediol (1:2), choline chloride/1-4 butanediol (1:2),
choline chloride/urea (1:2), propanedioic acid (1:2), choline
chloride/glucose (1:2), choline chloride/sorbitol (1:2),
oxalic acid/sucrose (1:2), lactic acid/sucrose (1:2), and
lactic acid/glucose (1:2)
Choline chloride/1,3butanediol (6:1)
proved the highest
extraction ability.
Peng et al.
(2016)
Radix Salviae
Miltiorrhizae
Hydrophilic and hydrophobic
components: rosmarinic acid,
lithospermic acid, salvianolic acid
B, salvianolic acid A, and
tanshinone 2 A
Choline chloride/ethylene glycol (1:2), choline chloride/1,2propanediol (1:1, 1:2, and 1:3), choline chloride/glycerol
(1:1, 1:2, 1:3, and 1:4), choline chloride/1,4- butanediol (1:2
and 1:4), choline chloride/oxalic acid (2:1 and 1:1), choline
chloride/succinic acid (2:1 and 1:1), choline chloride/lactic
acid (1:1), choline chloride/malonic acid (1:1 and 1:2),
choline chloride/malic acid (1:1), choline chloride/citric
acid (2:1), choline chloride/maltose (1:1), choline chloride/
fructose (2:1), choline chloride/glucose (2:1), and choline
chloride/urea (1:1, 2:1, and 1:2)
Choline chloride/1,2propanediol (1:1) in
20 vol% of water
Chen et al.
(2016)
Red grape skin
Phenolic compounds
Choline chloride/glycerol (1:2), choline chloride/oxalic acid
(1:1), choline chloride/malic acid (1.5:1), choline chloride/
sorbose (1:1), and choline chloride/proline/malic acid
(1:1:1). 10%, 25%, and 50% w/w DES/water were tested.
Choline chloride/
oxalic acid (1:1) in
25% water
Cvjetko
et al. (2016)
L. Nakhle et al.