201
Table 6.5 (continued)
Extraction medium/
target compounds
DES:HBA/HBD (molar
ratio)
Selected DES
References
Wine lees/anthocyanins Choline chloride/citric
acid, choline chloride/
oxalic acid, choline
chloride/malic acid,
choline chloride/glucose,
choline chloride/fructose,
choline chloride/xylose,
and choline chloride/
glycerol (n.m.)
Choline chloride/malic
acid. Also, it provided
more effective
extraction than ethanol
Bosiljkov et al.
(2017)
Tartary buckwheat hull/
rutin
Choline chloride/1,2propanediol (1:1), choline
chloride/glycerol (1:1),
choline chloride/glucose
(2:5), choline chloride/
sucrose (1:1), choline
chloride/xylitol (1:2),
choline chloride/sorbitol
(2:5), glycerol/L-proline
(3:1), glycerol/L-alanine
(3:1), glycerol/glycine
(3:1), glycerol/L-histidine
(3:1), glycerol/L-threonine
(3:1), glycerol/L-lysine
(4.5:1), and
glycerol/L-arginine (4.5:1)
Choline chloride/
glycerol (1:1) (highest
extraction efficiency
95%). Natural deep
eutectic solvent
exhibited 660–1577
times higher
solubilization
efficiency for rutin
compared to water; the
solubility of rutin in
choline chloride-based
natural deep eutectic
solvent was higher
than in glycerol-based
natural deep eutectic
solvent.
Huang et al.
(2017)
Platycladi Cacumen:
Chinese herbal
medicine/flavonoids
glycosides (myricetin
and quercetin), and
aglycones
(amentoflavone and
hinokiflavone)
Choline chloride/levulinic
acid (1:2), choline
chloride/ethylene glycol
(1:2), choline chloride/
dimethylurea (1:1), choline
chloride/glucose (1:1),
betaine/levulinic acid (1:2),
betaine/ethylene glycol
(1:2), betaine/methylurea
(1:1), betaine/glucose
(1:1), proline/levulinic acid
(1:2), proline/glycerol
(1:2.5), proline/acetamide
(1:1), and proline/glucose
(1:1)
Choline chloride/
levulinic acid in 75%
water
Zhuang et al.
(2017)
Dioscorea opposita
Thunb (Chinese yam) /
polysaccharides
Choline chloride/ethylene
glycol, choline chloride/
glycerol, choline
chloride/1,4-butanediol,
and choline chloride/1,6hexanediol (n.m.)
Choline chloride/1,4butanediol (1:4 molar
ratio) with 30% (v/v)
water
Zhang and
Wang (2017)
(continued)
6 Methods for Extraction of Bioactive Compounds from Plant and Animal Matter…
Table 6.5 (continued)
Extraction medium/
target compounds
DES:HBA/HBD (molar
ratio)
Selected DES
References
Wine lees/anthocyanins Choline chloride/citric
acid, choline chloride/
oxalic acid, choline
chloride/malic acid,
choline chloride/glucose,
choline chloride/fructose,
choline chloride/xylose,
and choline chloride/
glycerol (n.m.)
Choline chloride/malic
acid. Also, it provided
more effective
extraction than ethanol
Bosiljkov et al.
(2017)
Tartary buckwheat hull/
rutin
Choline chloride/1,2propanediol (1:1), choline
chloride/glycerol (1:1),
choline chloride/glucose
(2:5), choline chloride/
sucrose (1:1), choline
chloride/xylitol (1:2),
choline chloride/sorbitol
(2:5), glycerol/L-proline
(3:1), glycerol/L-alanine
(3:1), glycerol/glycine
(3:1), glycerol/L-histidine
(3:1), glycerol/L-threonine
(3:1), glycerol/L-lysine
(4.5:1), and
glycerol/L-arginine (4.5:1)
Choline chloride/
glycerol (1:1) (highest
extraction efficiency
95%). Natural deep
eutectic solvent
exhibited 660–1577
times higher
solubilization
efficiency for rutin
compared to water; the
solubility of rutin in
choline chloride-based
natural deep eutectic
solvent was higher
than in glycerol-based
natural deep eutectic
solvent.
Huang et al.
(2017)
Platycladi Cacumen:
Chinese herbal
medicine/flavonoids
glycosides (myricetin
and quercetin), and
aglycones
(amentoflavone and
hinokiflavone)
Choline chloride/levulinic
acid (1:2), choline
chloride/ethylene glycol
(1:2), choline chloride/
dimethylurea (1:1), choline
chloride/glucose (1:1),
betaine/levulinic acid (1:2),
betaine/ethylene glycol
(1:2), betaine/methylurea
(1:1), betaine/glucose
(1:1), proline/levulinic acid
(1:2), proline/glycerol
(1:2.5), proline/acetamide
(1:1), and proline/glucose
(1:1)
Choline chloride/
levulinic acid in 75%
water
Zhuang et al.
(2017)
Dioscorea opposita
Thunb (Chinese yam) /
polysaccharides
Choline chloride/ethylene
glycol, choline chloride/
glycerol, choline
chloride/1,4-butanediol,
and choline chloride/1,6hexanediol (n.m.)
Choline chloride/1,4butanediol (1:4 molar
ratio) with 30% (v/v)
water
Zhang and
Wang (2017)
(continued)
6 Methods for Extraction of Bioactive Compounds from Plant and Animal Matter…