95
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, suggesting that deep eutectic solvents could act as an
alternative medium for microbial cultures (Sivapragasam et al. 2019).
2.4 Conclusions
This chapter shows that deep eutectic solvent-based systems are promising, versatile tools for many formulations destined for various routes of administration,
including, but not limited to, oral, dermal, and nasal. They provide an alternative to
traditional solvents for a wide range of known molecules and could also be applied
to new chemical entities and natural products. This could also pave the way for the
development of efficient antimicrobial formulations or novel delivery systems of
high-molecular-weight molecules. However, most research up to this point has
focused mainly on the “superiority” aspects of deep eutectic solvents but has only
briefly considered their potential drawbacks. In fact, stability tests were generally
short term, while the toxicity of deep eutectic solvents was investigated mostly on
single cell lines using freshly prepared deep eutectic solvent samples. Therefore, it
is essential to study the long-term stability of deep eutectic solvent-based formulations in more depth as well as the chronic and systemic toxicity of these systems
before any attempt to commercialize them is made.
Acknowledgments The authors thank the French Embassy in Vietnam for the PhD fellowship of
Canh-Hung Nguyen and the French National Research Agency (ANR) for the funding of the project ParasiDES (ANR-19-CE18-0027).
References
Abbott AP, Ahmed EI, Prasad K, Qader IB, Ryder KS (2017) Liquid pharmaceuticals formulation
by eutectic formation. Fluid Phase Equilib 448:2–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fluid.2017.05.009
Abranches DO, Larriba M, Silva LP, Melle-Franco M, Palomar JF, Pinho SP, Coutinho JAP (2019)
Using COSMO-RS to design choline chloride pharmaceutical eutectic solvents. Fluid Phase
Equilib 497:71–78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fluid.2019.06.005
Adawiyah N, Moniruzzaman M, Hawatulaila S, Goto M (2016) Ionic liquids as a potential
tool for drug delivery systems. Med Chem Commun 7:1881–1189. https://doi.org/10.1039/
C6MD00358C
Agatemor C, Ibsen KN, Tanner EE, Mitragotri S (2018) Ionic liquids for addressing unmet needs
in healthcare. Bioeng Transl Med 3:7–25. https://doi.org/10.1002/btm2.10083
Ahmadi R, Hemmateenejad B, Safavi A, Shojaeifard Z, Mohabbati M, Firuzi O (2018) Assessment
of cytotoxicity of choline chloride-based natural deep eutectic solvents against human
HEK-293 cells: A QSAR analysis. Chemosphere 209:821–838. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
chemosphere.2018.06.103
Aroso IM, Craveiro R, Rocha Â, Dionísio M, Barreiros S, Reis RL, Paiva A, Duarte AR
(2015) Design of controlled release systems for THEDES-therapeutic deep eutectic solvents, using supercritical fluid technology. Int J Pharm 492:73–79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
ijpharm.2015.06.038
2 Deep Eutectic Solvents for Innovative Pharmaceutical Formulations
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, suggesting that deep eutectic solvents could act as an
alternative medium for microbial cultures (Sivapragasam et al. 2019).
2.4 Conclusions
This chapter shows that deep eutectic solvent-based systems are promising, versatile tools for many formulations destined for various routes of administration,
including, but not limited to, oral, dermal, and nasal. They provide an alternative to
traditional solvents for a wide range of known molecules and could also be applied
to new chemical entities and natural products. This could also pave the way for the
development of efficient antimicrobial formulations or novel delivery systems of
high-molecular-weight molecules. However, most research up to this point has
focused mainly on the “superiority” aspects of deep eutectic solvents but has only
briefly considered their potential drawbacks. In fact, stability tests were generally
short term, while the toxicity of deep eutectic solvents was investigated mostly on
single cell lines using freshly prepared deep eutectic solvent samples. Therefore, it
is essential to study the long-term stability of deep eutectic solvent-based formulations in more depth as well as the chronic and systemic toxicity of these systems
before any attempt to commercialize them is made.
Acknowledgments The authors thank the French Embassy in Vietnam for the PhD fellowship of
Canh-Hung Nguyen and the French National Research Agency (ANR) for the funding of the project ParasiDES (ANR-19-CE18-0027).
References
Abbott AP, Ahmed EI, Prasad K, Qader IB, Ryder KS (2017) Liquid pharmaceuticals formulation
by eutectic formation. Fluid Phase Equilib 448:2–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fluid.2017.05.009
Abranches DO, Larriba M, Silva LP, Melle-Franco M, Palomar JF, Pinho SP, Coutinho JAP (2019)
Using COSMO-RS to design choline chloride pharmaceutical eutectic solvents. Fluid Phase
Equilib 497:71–78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fluid.2019.06.005
Adawiyah N, Moniruzzaman M, Hawatulaila S, Goto M (2016) Ionic liquids as a potential
tool for drug delivery systems. Med Chem Commun 7:1881–1189. https://doi.org/10.1039/
C6MD00358C
Agatemor C, Ibsen KN, Tanner EE, Mitragotri S (2018) Ionic liquids for addressing unmet needs
in healthcare. Bioeng Transl Med 3:7–25. https://doi.org/10.1002/btm2.10083
Ahmadi R, Hemmateenejad B, Safavi A, Shojaeifard Z, Mohabbati M, Firuzi O (2018) Assessment
of cytotoxicity of choline chloride-based natural deep eutectic solvents against human
HEK-293 cells: A QSAR analysis. Chemosphere 209:821–838. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
chemosphere.2018.06.103
Aroso IM, Craveiro R, Rocha Â, Dionísio M, Barreiros S, Reis RL, Paiva A, Duarte AR
(2015) Design of controlled release systems for THEDES-therapeutic deep eutectic solvents, using supercritical fluid technology. Int J Pharm 492:73–79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
ijpharm.2015.06.038
2 Deep Eutectic Solvents for Innovative Pharmaceutical Formulations