241
Fractional Composition
McLean, J.D. and Kilpatrick, P.K. 1997. Comparison of precipitation and extrography in the fractionation of
crude oil residua. Energy & Fuels 11: 570–585.
Mitchell, D.L. and Speight, J.G. 1973. The solubility of asphaltenes in hydrocarbon solvents. Fuel 52: 149.
Petyluk, F.B. 2004. Distillation Theory and Its Application to Optimal Design of Separation Units. Cambridge
University Press, London, U.K.
Pfeiffer, J.P. (Ed.). 1950. The Properties of Asphaltic Bitumen. Elsevier, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Seifert, W.K. 1975. Advances in Organic Geochemistry. ENADISMA, Madrid, Spain.
Speight, J.G. 1979. Studies on bitumen fractionation—(a) Fractionation by a cryoscopic method (b) Effect of
solvent type on asphaltene solubility. Information Series No. 84. Alberta Research Council, Edmonton,
Alberta, Canada.
Speight, J.G. 1984. The chemical nature of petroleum asphaltenes. In Characterization of Heavy Crude Oils
and Petroleum Residues, B.P. Tissot (Ed.). Editions Technip, Paris, France, p. 32.
Speight, J.G. 1989. A solvent method for feedstock fractionation: An alternate to adsorption methods of fractionation. Neftekhimiya 29: 610.
Speight, J.G. 1994. Chemical and physical studies of petroleum asphaltenes. In Asphaltenes and Asphalts.
Developments in Petroleum Science, T.F. Yen and G.V. Chilingarian (Eds.)., Volume 40. Elsevier,
Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Speight, J.G. 2000. The Desulfurization of Heavy Oils and Residua, 2nd edn. Marcel Dekker, New York.
Speight, J.G. 2011. The Refinery of the Future. Gulf Professional Publishing, Elsevier, Oxford, U.K.
Speight, J.G., Long, R.B., and Trowbridge, T.D. 1984. Factors influencing the separation of asphaltenes from
heavy petroleum feedstocks. Fuel 63: 616.
Speight, J.G. and Ozum, B. 2002. Petroleum Refining Processes. Marcel Dekker Inc., New York.
Subramanian, M., Deo, M.D., and Hanson, F.V. 1996. Compositional analysis of bitumen and bitumen-derived
products. Journal of Chromatographic Science 34(1): 20–26.
Tissot, B.P. (Ed.). 1984. Characterization of Heavy Crude Oils and Petroleum Residues. Editions Technip,
Paris, France.
Traxler, R.N. 1961. Asphalt: Its Composition, Properties and Uses. Reinhold, New York.
Van Nes, K. and van Westen, H.A. 1951. Aspects of the Constitution of Mineral Oils. Elsevier, Amsterdam, the
Netherlands.
Fractional Composition
McLean, J.D. and Kilpatrick, P.K. 1997. Comparison of precipitation and extrography in the fractionation of
crude oil residua. Energy & Fuels 11: 570–585.
Mitchell, D.L. and Speight, J.G. 1973. The solubility of asphaltenes in hydrocarbon solvents. Fuel 52: 149.
Petyluk, F.B. 2004. Distillation Theory and Its Application to Optimal Design of Separation Units. Cambridge
University Press, London, U.K.
Pfeiffer, J.P. (Ed.). 1950. The Properties of Asphaltic Bitumen. Elsevier, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Seifert, W.K. 1975. Advances in Organic Geochemistry. ENADISMA, Madrid, Spain.
Speight, J.G. 1979. Studies on bitumen fractionation—(a) Fractionation by a cryoscopic method (b) Effect of
solvent type on asphaltene solubility. Information Series No. 84. Alberta Research Council, Edmonton,
Alberta, Canada.
Speight, J.G. 1984. The chemical nature of petroleum asphaltenes. In Characterization of Heavy Crude Oils
and Petroleum Residues, B.P. Tissot (Ed.). Editions Technip, Paris, France, p. 32.
Speight, J.G. 1989. A solvent method for feedstock fractionation: An alternate to adsorption methods of fractionation. Neftekhimiya 29: 610.
Speight, J.G. 1994. Chemical and physical studies of petroleum asphaltenes. In Asphaltenes and Asphalts.
Developments in Petroleum Science, T.F. Yen and G.V. Chilingarian (Eds.)., Volume 40. Elsevier,
Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Speight, J.G. 2000. The Desulfurization of Heavy Oils and Residua, 2nd edn. Marcel Dekker, New York.
Speight, J.G. 2011. The Refinery of the Future. Gulf Professional Publishing, Elsevier, Oxford, U.K.
Speight, J.G., Long, R.B., and Trowbridge, T.D. 1984. Factors influencing the separation of asphaltenes from
heavy petroleum feedstocks. Fuel 63: 616.
Speight, J.G. and Ozum, B. 2002. Petroleum Refining Processes. Marcel Dekker Inc., New York.
Subramanian, M., Deo, M.D., and Hanson, F.V. 1996. Compositional analysis of bitumen and bitumen-derived
products. Journal of Chromatographic Science 34(1): 20–26.
Tissot, B.P. (Ed.). 1984. Characterization of Heavy Crude Oils and Petroleum Residues. Editions Technip,
Paris, France.
Traxler, R.N. 1961. Asphalt: Its Composition, Properties and Uses. Reinhold, New York.
Van Nes, K. and van Westen, H.A. 1951. Aspects of the Constitution of Mineral Oils. Elsevier, Amsterdam, the
Netherlands.