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2 THE BASIC CONCEPT
Figure 1 shows some recent examples of surface openings of abandoned hard-coal mining
(anti-clockwise): a surface caving, a restored abandoned shaft and a restored abandoned
shaft with an end fitting that serves as a flame trap (Protego cap):
As a first application, the (sudden) vertical subsidence of the filled shaft column is to be
recorded and pertinent warning and alarm signals are to be transmitted to a central point.
For that purpose, suitable sensors are mounted on the shaft cover or the surface which
record essential shaft parameters, see Figure 2.
The measuring values recoded are transmitted to a micro-processor station (monitoring
station) where they are processed and sent to a central cloud storage using a wireless network.
From that cloud storage, the data are transferred to the user.
Figure 1. Examples of some surface openings of abandoned hard-coal mining.
Figure 2. Sensor system on the shaft cover and central monitoring station with wireless data transfer
and solar generator.