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223. Bai W, Cao Y, Liu J, Wang Q, Jia Z (2016) Improvement of alkalophilicity of an alkaline
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230. Luque-Almagro VM, Blasco R, Huertas MJ, Martinez-Luque M, Moreno-Vivian C,
Castillo F, Roldan MD (2005) Alkaline cyanide biodegradation by Pseudomonas
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231. Sarethy IP, Saxena Y, Kapoor A, Sharma M, Sharma SK, Gupta V, Gupta S (2011)
Alkaliphilic bacteria: applications in industrial biotechnology. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol
38:769–790
232. Sorokin DY, Kuenen JG (2005) Chemolithotrophic haloalkaliphiles from soda lakes. FEMS
Microbiol Ecol 52:287–295
233. Carini SA, Joye SB (2008) Nitrification in Mono Lake, California: activity and community
composition during contrasting hydrological regimes. Limnol Oceanogr 53:2546–2557
234. Luque-Almagro VM et al (2005) Bacterial degradation of cyanide and its metal complexes
under alkaline conditions. Appl Environ Microbiol 71:940–947
235. Schagerl M (2016) Soda lakes of East Africa. Springer, Cham
236. Lanzén A, Simachew A, Gessesse A, Chmolowska D, Jonassen I, Øvreås L (2013) Surprising
prokaryotic and eukaryotic diversity, community structure and biogeography of Ethiopian
soda lakes. PLoS One 8(8):e72577
237. Kavembe GD, Meyer A, Wood CM (2016) Fish populations in East African saline lakes. Soda
lakes of East Africa. Springer, Cham, pp 227–257
238. Wilkie MP, Wood CM (1991) Nitrogenous waste excretion, acid-base regulation, and
ionoregulation in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) exposed to extremely alkaline water.
Physiol Zool 64:1069–1086
132
G. Mamo
62:1061–1067
218. Yang JH, Park JY, Kim SH, Yoo YJ (2008) Shifting pH optimum of Bacillus circulans
xylanase based on molecular modeling. J Biotechnol 133:294–300
219. Nielsen JE, McCammon JA (2003) Calculating pKa values in enzyme active sites. Protein Sci.
12:1894–1901
220. Joshi MD, Sidhu G, Nielsen JE, Brayer GD, Withers SG, McIntosh LP (2001) Dissecting the
electrostatic interactions and pH-dependent activity of a family 11 glycosidase. Biochemistry
40:10115–10139
221. Nielsen JE, Borchert TV, Vriend G (2001) The determinants of alpha-amylase pH-activity
profiles. Protein Eng 14:505–512
222. Coughlan S, Wang XG, Britton KL, Stillman TJ, Rice DW et al (2001) Contribution of an
aspartate residue, D114, in the active site of clostridial glutamate dehydrogenase to the
enzyme’s unusual pH dependence. Biochim Biophys Acta 1544:10–17
223. Bai W, Cao Y, Liu J, Wang Q, Jia Z (2016) Improvement of alkalophilicity of an alkaline
xylanase Xyn11A-LC from Bacillus sp. SN5 by random mutation and Glu135 saturation
mutagenesis. BMC Biotechnol 16:77
224. Madzak C, Mimmi MC, Caminade E, Brault A, Baumberger S, Briozzo P et al (2006) Shifting
the optimal pH of activity for a laccase from the fungus Trametes versicolor by structure-based
mutagenesis. Protein Eng Des Sel 19:77–84
225. Richardson TH, Tan X, Frey G, Callen W, Cabell M, Lam D et al (2002) A novel, high
performance enzyme for starch liquefaction. Discovery and optimization of a low pH, thermostable alpha-amylase. J Biol Chem 277:26501–26507
226. Aygan A, Arikan B, Korkmaz H, Dinçer S, Çolak Ö (2008) Highly thermostable and alkaline
α-amylase from a halotolerant-alkaliphilic Bacillus sp. AB68. Braz J Microbiol 39:547–553
227. Kim DH, Morimoto N, Saburi W, Mukai A, Imoto K, Takehana T et al (2012) Purification and
characterization of a liquefying α-amylase from alkalophilic thermophilic Bacillus
sp. AAH-31. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 76:1378–1383
228. Drechsel H, Jung G (1998) Peptide siderophores. J Pept Sci 4:147–181
229. McMillan DGG, Velasquez I, Nunn BL, Goodlett DR, Hunter KA, Lamont I et al (2010)
Acquisition of iron by alkaliphilic Bacillus species. Appl Environ Microbiol 76:6955–6961
230. Luque-Almagro VM, Blasco R, Huertas MJ, Martinez-Luque M, Moreno-Vivian C,
Castillo F, Roldan MD (2005) Alkaline cyanide biodegradation by Pseudomonas
pseudoalcaligenes CECT5344. Biochem Soc Trans 33:168–169
231. Sarethy IP, Saxena Y, Kapoor A, Sharma M, Sharma SK, Gupta V, Gupta S (2011)
Alkaliphilic bacteria: applications in industrial biotechnology. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol
38:769–790
232. Sorokin DY, Kuenen JG (2005) Chemolithotrophic haloalkaliphiles from soda lakes. FEMS
Microbiol Ecol 52:287–295
233. Carini SA, Joye SB (2008) Nitrification in Mono Lake, California: activity and community
composition during contrasting hydrological regimes. Limnol Oceanogr 53:2546–2557
234. Luque-Almagro VM et al (2005) Bacterial degradation of cyanide and its metal complexes
under alkaline conditions. Appl Environ Microbiol 71:940–947
235. Schagerl M (2016) Soda lakes of East Africa. Springer, Cham
236. Lanzén A, Simachew A, Gessesse A, Chmolowska D, Jonassen I, Øvreås L (2013) Surprising
prokaryotic and eukaryotic diversity, community structure and biogeography of Ethiopian
soda lakes. PLoS One 8(8):e72577
237. Kavembe GD, Meyer A, Wood CM (2016) Fish populations in East African saline lakes. Soda
lakes of East Africa. Springer, Cham, pp 227–257
238. Wilkie MP, Wood CM (1991) Nitrogenous waste excretion, acid-base regulation, and
ionoregulation in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) exposed to extremely alkaline water.
Physiol Zool 64:1069–1086
132
G. Mamo