9. Donovan SE, Purdy KJ, Kane MD, Eggleton P (2004) Comparison of Euryarchaea strains in
the guts and food-soil of the soil-feeding termite Cubitermes fungifaber across different soil
types. Appl Environ Microbiol 70:3884–3892
10. Liang X, Sun C, Chen B, Du K, Yu T, Luang-In V, Lu X, Shao Y (2018) Insect symbionts as
valuable grist for the biotechnological mill: an alkaliphilic silkworm gut bacterium for efficient
lactic acid production. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 102:4951–4962
11. Chavagnac V, Monnin C, Ceuleneer G, Boulart C, Hoareau G (2013) Characterization of
hyperalkaline fluids produced by low-temperature serpentinization of mantleperidotites in the
Oman and Ligurian ophiolites. Geochem Geophys Geosyst 14:2496–2522
12. Ben Aissa F, Postec A, Erauso G, Payri C, Pelletier B, Hamdi M, Fardeau M-L, Ollivier B
(2015) Characterization of Alkaliphilus hydrothermalis sp. nov., a novel alkaliphilic anaerobic
bacterium, isolated from a carbonaceous chimney of the Prony hydrothermal field, New
Caledonia. Extremophiles 19:183–188
13. Mei N, Postec A, Erauso G, Joseph M, Pelletier B, Payri C et al (2016) Serpentinicella
alkaliphila gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel alkaliphilic anaerobic bacterium isolated from the
serpentinite-hosted Prony hydrothermal field, New Caledonia. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol
66:4464–4470
14. Agnew MD, Koval SF, Jarrell KF (1995) Isolation and characterisation of novel alkaliphiles
from bauxite-processing waste and description of Bacillus vedderi sp. nov. Syst Appl
Microbiol 18:221–230
15. Gee JM, Lund BM, Metcalf G, Peel JL (1980) Properties of a new group of alkalophilic
bacteria. J Gen Microbiol 117:9–17
16. Kisková J, Stramová Z, Javorský P, Sedláková-Kaduková J, Pristaš P (2019) Analysis of the
bacterial community from high alkaline (pH > 13) drainage water at a brown mud disposal site
near Žiar nad Hronom (Banská Bystrica region, Slovakia) using 454 pyrosequencing. Folia
Microbiol 64:83–90
17. Mueller RH, Jorks S, Kleinsteuber S, Babel W (1998) Degradation of various chlorophenols
under alkaline conditions by Gram-negative bacteria closely related to Ochrobactrum
anthropi. J Microbiol 38:269–281
18. Takahara Y, Tanabe O (1962) Studies on the reduction of indigo in industrial fermentation vat
(XIX). Taxonomic characterisation of strain No. S-8. J Ferment Technol 40:77–80
19. Kevbrin VV (2019) Isolation and cultivation of alkaliphiles. Adv Biochem Eng Biotechnol.
https://doi.org/10.1007/10_2018_84
20. Krulwich TA, Hicks DB, Swartz TH, Ito M (2007) Bioenergetic adaptations that support
alkaliphily. In: Gerday C, Glansdorff N (eds) Physiology and biochemistry of extremophiles.
ASM Press, Washington, pp 311–329
21. Padan E, Bibi E, Ito M, Krulwich TA (2005) Alkaline pH homeostasis in bacteria: new
insights. Biochim Biophys Acta 1717:67–88
22. Slonczewski JL, Fujisawa M, Dopson M, Krulwich TA (2009) Cytoplasmic pH measurement
and homeostasis in bacteria and archaea. Adv Microb Physiol 55:1–317
23. Greenwood JE, Tan JL, Ming JCT, Abell AD (2016) Alkalis and skin. J Burn Care Res
37:135–141
24. Hirata Y, Ito H, Furuta T, Ikuta K, Sakudo A (2010) Degradation and destabilization of
abnormal prion protein using alkaline detergents and proteases. Int J Mol Med 25:267–270
25. Shooter KV (1976) The kinetics of the alkaline hydrolysis of phosphotriesters in DNA. Chem
Biol Interact 13:151–163
26. Hunt KA, Flynn JM, Naranjo B, Shikhare ID, Gralnick JA (2010) Substrate-level phosphorylation is the primary source of energy conservation during anaerobic respiration of
Shewanella oneidensis strain MR-1. J Bacteriol 192:3345–3351
27. Hicks DB, Liu J, Fujisawa M, Krulwich TA (2010) F 1 F 0 -ATP synthases of alkaliphilic
bacteria: lessons from their adaptations. Biochim Biophys Acta 1797:1362–1377
28. Mitchell P (1961) Coupling of phosphorylation to electron and hydrogen transfer by a chemiosmotic type of mechanism. Nature 191:144–148
122
G. Mamo
the guts and food-soil of the soil-feeding termite Cubitermes fungifaber across different soil
types. Appl Environ Microbiol 70:3884–3892
10. Liang X, Sun C, Chen B, Du K, Yu T, Luang-In V, Lu X, Shao Y (2018) Insect symbionts as
valuable grist for the biotechnological mill: an alkaliphilic silkworm gut bacterium for efficient
lactic acid production. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 102:4951–4962
11. Chavagnac V, Monnin C, Ceuleneer G, Boulart C, Hoareau G (2013) Characterization of
hyperalkaline fluids produced by low-temperature serpentinization of mantleperidotites in the
Oman and Ligurian ophiolites. Geochem Geophys Geosyst 14:2496–2522
12. Ben Aissa F, Postec A, Erauso G, Payri C, Pelletier B, Hamdi M, Fardeau M-L, Ollivier B
(2015) Characterization of Alkaliphilus hydrothermalis sp. nov., a novel alkaliphilic anaerobic
bacterium, isolated from a carbonaceous chimney of the Prony hydrothermal field, New
Caledonia. Extremophiles 19:183–188
13. Mei N, Postec A, Erauso G, Joseph M, Pelletier B, Payri C et al (2016) Serpentinicella
alkaliphila gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel alkaliphilic anaerobic bacterium isolated from the
serpentinite-hosted Prony hydrothermal field, New Caledonia. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol
66:4464–4470
14. Agnew MD, Koval SF, Jarrell KF (1995) Isolation and characterisation of novel alkaliphiles
from bauxite-processing waste and description of Bacillus vedderi sp. nov. Syst Appl
Microbiol 18:221–230
15. Gee JM, Lund BM, Metcalf G, Peel JL (1980) Properties of a new group of alkalophilic
bacteria. J Gen Microbiol 117:9–17
16. Kisková J, Stramová Z, Javorský P, Sedláková-Kaduková J, Pristaš P (2019) Analysis of the
bacterial community from high alkaline (pH > 13) drainage water at a brown mud disposal site
near Žiar nad Hronom (Banská Bystrica region, Slovakia) using 454 pyrosequencing. Folia
Microbiol 64:83–90
17. Mueller RH, Jorks S, Kleinsteuber S, Babel W (1998) Degradation of various chlorophenols
under alkaline conditions by Gram-negative bacteria closely related to Ochrobactrum
anthropi. J Microbiol 38:269–281
18. Takahara Y, Tanabe O (1962) Studies on the reduction of indigo in industrial fermentation vat
(XIX). Taxonomic characterisation of strain No. S-8. J Ferment Technol 40:77–80
19. Kevbrin VV (2019) Isolation and cultivation of alkaliphiles. Adv Biochem Eng Biotechnol.
https://doi.org/10.1007/10_2018_84
20. Krulwich TA, Hicks DB, Swartz TH, Ito M (2007) Bioenergetic adaptations that support
alkaliphily. In: Gerday C, Glansdorff N (eds) Physiology and biochemistry of extremophiles.
ASM Press, Washington, pp 311–329
21. Padan E, Bibi E, Ito M, Krulwich TA (2005) Alkaline pH homeostasis in bacteria: new
insights. Biochim Biophys Acta 1717:67–88
22. Slonczewski JL, Fujisawa M, Dopson M, Krulwich TA (2009) Cytoplasmic pH measurement
and homeostasis in bacteria and archaea. Adv Microb Physiol 55:1–317
23. Greenwood JE, Tan JL, Ming JCT, Abell AD (2016) Alkalis and skin. J Burn Care Res
37:135–141
24. Hirata Y, Ito H, Furuta T, Ikuta K, Sakudo A (2010) Degradation and destabilization of
abnormal prion protein using alkaline detergents and proteases. Int J Mol Med 25:267–270
25. Shooter KV (1976) The kinetics of the alkaline hydrolysis of phosphotriesters in DNA. Chem
Biol Interact 13:151–163
26. Hunt KA, Flynn JM, Naranjo B, Shikhare ID, Gralnick JA (2010) Substrate-level phosphorylation is the primary source of energy conservation during anaerobic respiration of
Shewanella oneidensis strain MR-1. J Bacteriol 192:3345–3351
27. Hicks DB, Liu J, Fujisawa M, Krulwich TA (2010) F 1 F 0 -ATP synthases of alkaliphilic
bacteria: lessons from their adaptations. Biochim Biophys Acta 1797:1362–1377
28. Mitchell P (1961) Coupling of phosphorylation to electron and hydrogen transfer by a chemiosmotic type of mechanism. Nature 191:144–148
122
G. Mamo