GLOSSARY
287
Biomass to liquid (BTL): The process of converting biomass to
liquid fuels. Hmm, that seems painfully obvious when you
write it out.
Biopower: The use of biomass feedstock to produce electric power
or heat through direct combustion of the feedstock, through
gasification and then combustion of the resultant gas, or through
other thermal conversion processes. Power is generated with
engines, turbines, fuel cells, or other equipment.
Biorefinery: A facility that processes and converts biomass into
value-added products. These products can range from biomaterials to fuels such as ethanol or important feedstocks for the
production of chemicals and other materials.
Bitumen: On occasion, referred to as native asphalt, and extra heavy
oil; a naturally occurring material that has little or no mobility
under reservoir conditions and which cannot be recovered
through a well by conventional oil well production methods
including currently used enhanced recovery techniques; current methods involve mining for bitumen recovery.
Bituminous: Containing bitumen or constituting the source of
bitumen.
Bituminous rock: See Bituminous sand.
Bituminous sand: A formation in which the bituminous material
(see Bitumen) is found as a filling in veins and fissures in fractured rock or impregnating relatively shallow sand, sandstone,
and limestone strata; a sandstone reservoir that is impregnated
with a heavy, viscous black petroleum-like material that cannot be retrieved through a well by conventional production
techniques.
Black liquor: Solution of lignin-residue and the pulping chemicals
used to extract lignin during the manufacture of paper.
BOE: Barrel of oil equivalent.
Boiling point: A characteristic physical property of a liquid at
which the vapor pressure is equal to that of the atmosphere and
the liquid is converted to a gas.
Boiling range: The range of temperature, usually determined at
atmospheric pressure in standard laboratory apparatus, over
which the distillation of an oil commences, proceeds, and
finishes.
Bone dry: Having zero percent moisture content. Wood heated in
an oven at a constant temperature of 100°C (212°F) or above
until its weight stabilizes is considered bone dry or oven dry.
287
Biomass to liquid (BTL): The process of converting biomass to
liquid fuels. Hmm, that seems painfully obvious when you
write it out.
Biopower: The use of biomass feedstock to produce electric power
or heat through direct combustion of the feedstock, through
gasification and then combustion of the resultant gas, or through
other thermal conversion processes. Power is generated with
engines, turbines, fuel cells, or other equipment.
Biorefinery: A facility that processes and converts biomass into
value-added products. These products can range from biomaterials to fuels such as ethanol or important feedstocks for the
production of chemicals and other materials.
Bitumen: On occasion, referred to as native asphalt, and extra heavy
oil; a naturally occurring material that has little or no mobility
under reservoir conditions and which cannot be recovered
through a well by conventional oil well production methods
including currently used enhanced recovery techniques; current methods involve mining for bitumen recovery.
Bituminous: Containing bitumen or constituting the source of
bitumen.
Bituminous rock: See Bituminous sand.
Bituminous sand: A formation in which the bituminous material
(see Bitumen) is found as a filling in veins and fissures in fractured rock or impregnating relatively shallow sand, sandstone,
and limestone strata; a sandstone reservoir that is impregnated
with a heavy, viscous black petroleum-like material that cannot be retrieved through a well by conventional production
techniques.
Black liquor: Solution of lignin-residue and the pulping chemicals
used to extract lignin during the manufacture of paper.
BOE: Barrel of oil equivalent.
Boiling point: A characteristic physical property of a liquid at
which the vapor pressure is equal to that of the atmosphere and
the liquid is converted to a gas.
Boiling range: The range of temperature, usually determined at
atmospheric pressure in standard laboratory apparatus, over
which the distillation of an oil commences, proceeds, and
finishes.
Bone dry: Having zero percent moisture content. Wood heated in
an oven at a constant temperature of 100°C (212°F) or above
until its weight stabilizes is considered bone dry or oven dry.