−50 −40 −30 −20 −10
10
FRACTIONATION: 6%
− 95% DISTILLATION POINTS
Fractionation Curves for Overhead to Top Sidestream Poroducts.
20 30
40 50 60 70 80 90
0
−50 −40 −30 −20 −10
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
0
FRACTIONATION: 6% - 95% DISTILLATION POINTS
Fractionation Curves for Sidestream to Sidestream Poroducts.
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
5
0
1
5
0
2
0
0
2
0
0
2
5
0
2
5
0
1. FOR OVHO
− TCP SIDESTREAM ONLY
2. SOLID CURVES FOR NO STEAM−DOTTED CURVES
FOR MAX. STRIPPING STEAM GENERALLY USED
3. NUMBERS ON CURVES REPRESENT °F DIFF. IN 50%
DISTILLATION POINTS BETWEEN OVHO AND TOP SS.
“NOTE: REFLUX RATIO
− GALS HOT OVERFLOW/TOT.GALS
PRODUCT VAPORS ENTERING TCP PLATE.
1. FOR SIDESTREAM
− SIDESTEAM ONLY
2. SOLID CURVE FOR NO STEAM STRIPPING
− DOTTED
CURVES FOR MAX. STRIPPING STEAM GENERALLY USED
3. NUMBERS ON CURVES REPRESENT °F DIFF. IN 50%
DISTILLATION POINTS BETWEEN TOTAL PROD. VAPORS
ENTERING THE UPPER SIDESTREAM DRAW OFF PLATE
AND LIQUID DRAWN OFF AT LOWER SIDESTREAM
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
F − REFLUX RATIO X NUMBER OF PLATES
2
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
F − REFLUX RATIO X NUMBER OF PLATES
2
“NOTE: REFLUX RATIO
− GALS. HOT OVERFLOW/TOT.GALS.
PRODUCT VAPORS ENTERING TCP SS. DRAWOFF PLATE.
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
5
0
1
5
0
2
5
0
2
5
0
3
0
0
3
0
0
3
5
0
2
0
0
2
0
0
Fig. 37
ASTM gaps and overlaps
Atmospheric and Vacuum Crude Distillation Units in Petroleum Refineries
195