In a gravitational field there is a gradient in the rate of time and proper volume
(curved spacetime). The curved spacetime gradient affects the pressure exerted on
opposite sides of an electron or other spacetime particle. This unequal pressure on
opposite sides of the particle produces a net force. This net force is the gravitational
force with the correct direction and magnitude. Even though gravity appears to be a
force of attraction, it actually results from an imbalance in pressure which is a
repulsive force exerted by the spacetime field.
This explanation involving pressure can be restated in a way that emphasizes the
rotating dipole wave that forms a spacetime particle. The rotation occurs in curved
spacetime which results in a type of modulation which incorporates many of the
elements of the “simplified” explanation previously given.
4.5 Point Particle Test
Perhaps the biggest objection to the spacetime particle model is the fact that the
model implies that fundamental particles have volume and internal structure. High
energy collision experiments [15] seem to imply that an electron cannot be larger
than roughly 10
À18 m. Highly relativistic electrons can also probe the internal
structure of a proton which has a radius of about 10
−15 m. How can a particle with a
radius larger than 10
−13 m probe the internal structure of a proton with a radius of
10
−15 m? Is the relatively large size of an electron not conclusive proof that the
spacetime model of fundamental particles must be wrong? To analyze this question
it is necessary to analyze the experiments more carefully. However, first it is
necessary to add one characteristic to the spacetime particle model.
An analogy is going to be made between the communication that takes place
between two entangled photons and the communication that takes place within a
single spacetime particle. The single spacetime particle possesses quantized angular
momentum of h=2. It is not possible to momentarily interact with less than the
entire quantized angular momentum. The interaction is all or nothing. If the
probability of an interaction results in “nothing”, then the two rotating distortions of
spacetime merely pass through each other and there is no collision. There would be
some electrostatic deflection but there would be no classical collision that would be
expected if both particles were elastic spheres with a radius of 3:86 Â 10
À13 m. If
there is a strong interaction (collision) the quantization implies that the internal
communication within the spacetime particle must be instantaneous—just like the
communication between entangled particles. The “news” of the collision is transferred instantaneously throughout the volume of the quantized wave and gives it
particle-like properties. This is purely an internal property that allows the distributed spacetime wave with quantized angular momentum to respond to a perturbation as a single unit. No external information can be communicated faster than the
speed of light because of this property.
Spacetime-Based Foundation of Quantum Mechanics …
235
(curved spacetime). The curved spacetime gradient affects the pressure exerted on
opposite sides of an electron or other spacetime particle. This unequal pressure on
opposite sides of the particle produces a net force. This net force is the gravitational
force with the correct direction and magnitude. Even though gravity appears to be a
force of attraction, it actually results from an imbalance in pressure which is a
repulsive force exerted by the spacetime field.
This explanation involving pressure can be restated in a way that emphasizes the
rotating dipole wave that forms a spacetime particle. The rotation occurs in curved
spacetime which results in a type of modulation which incorporates many of the
elements of the “simplified” explanation previously given.
4.5 Point Particle Test
Perhaps the biggest objection to the spacetime particle model is the fact that the
model implies that fundamental particles have volume and internal structure. High
energy collision experiments [15] seem to imply that an electron cannot be larger
than roughly 10
À18 m. Highly relativistic electrons can also probe the internal
structure of a proton which has a radius of about 10
−15 m. How can a particle with a
radius larger than 10
−13 m probe the internal structure of a proton with a radius of
10
−15 m? Is the relatively large size of an electron not conclusive proof that the
spacetime model of fundamental particles must be wrong? To analyze this question
it is necessary to analyze the experiments more carefully. However, first it is
necessary to add one characteristic to the spacetime particle model.
An analogy is going to be made between the communication that takes place
between two entangled photons and the communication that takes place within a
single spacetime particle. The single spacetime particle possesses quantized angular
momentum of h=2. It is not possible to momentarily interact with less than the
entire quantized angular momentum. The interaction is all or nothing. If the
probability of an interaction results in “nothing”, then the two rotating distortions of
spacetime merely pass through each other and there is no collision. There would be
some electrostatic deflection but there would be no classical collision that would be
expected if both particles were elastic spheres with a radius of 3:86 Â 10
À13 m. If
there is a strong interaction (collision) the quantization implies that the internal
communication within the spacetime particle must be instantaneous—just like the
communication between entangled particles. The “news” of the collision is transferred instantaneously throughout the volume of the quantized wave and gives it
particle-like properties. This is purely an internal property that allows the distributed spacetime wave with quantized angular momentum to respond to a perturbation as a single unit. No external information can be communicated faster than the
speed of light because of this property.
Spacetime-Based Foundation of Quantum Mechanics …
235