48
Engineering Systems Integration
imbues those structures with the mechanistic characteristics that result in
giving way to influences from EMMI. The effect of a mechanism is to transform an input EMMI into an output EMMI. The output EMMI is parsed for
convenience into two components: one describable as performance, the other
as losses. Performance is measurable (with appropriate instruments with sufficient accuracy and precision). By definition, the major component(s) of the
output EMMI are loosely considered to be the primary performance(s) of the
object due to the input EMMI. All other output EMMI are said to result from
achieving the primary performances attributable to the object for an input
EMMI and context. These other output EMMI are defined as losses.
Introduction to Interaction
An action is the release or receipt of something due to the enactment of a
mechanism. A mechanism is that which operates in the context of forces. An
object sends (releases, sets free, or give ups) EMMI through the process(es) of
an internal mechanism. Similarly, an object receives (accepts, collects, or
takes up) EMMI. An interaction is defined by identifying the sending and
receiving objects. Two objects are said to interact when the actions of both
objects can be described as precipitating changes. The changes in objects due
to an interaction are related to the effect(s) of the interaction. Those effects
may include uniquely identifying the object that “sends” as well as the
mechanism of the receiving object that is shown to be induced or stimulated
to operate because of the action of receiving (that which was sent by the other
object). However, an interaction does not by itself describe the causality of
the interaction. Causality requires that the relation between two objects be
modeled as the change in the sending object, the change in the receiving
object, and the context of both the sending and receiving objects. Context is
the situation or framework (Aerts et al. 2003) in which the interaction between
two objects takes place. As such, interactions reveal a temporary dependency
of the receiving object on the sending object within a context. Therefore, the
context of the interaction may include multiple dependencies, for example,
dependencies between the sending object and its context, the receiving object
and its context, differences in contexts between the two objects, and the
impact of context(s) on the object that is sent (and the object that is received,
if the object sent is not what is received). It is through interactions that relations between objects are discernable. We will come back to causality in the
discussion on emergence.
Interaction is characterized by the transfer of something from one object
(sender) to another object (receiver). If the mechanism of the receiving object
is enacted, then the input is transformed into something within the design
limitations of the mechanism and the receiving object will attempt to use
Engineering Systems Integration
imbues those structures with the mechanistic characteristics that result in
giving way to influences from EMMI. The effect of a mechanism is to transform an input EMMI into an output EMMI. The output EMMI is parsed for
convenience into two components: one describable as performance, the other
as losses. Performance is measurable (with appropriate instruments with sufficient accuracy and precision). By definition, the major component(s) of the
output EMMI are loosely considered to be the primary performance(s) of the
object due to the input EMMI. All other output EMMI are said to result from
achieving the primary performances attributable to the object for an input
EMMI and context. These other output EMMI are defined as losses.
Introduction to Interaction
An action is the release or receipt of something due to the enactment of a
mechanism. A mechanism is that which operates in the context of forces. An
object sends (releases, sets free, or give ups) EMMI through the process(es) of
an internal mechanism. Similarly, an object receives (accepts, collects, or
takes up) EMMI. An interaction is defined by identifying the sending and
receiving objects. Two objects are said to interact when the actions of both
objects can be described as precipitating changes. The changes in objects due
to an interaction are related to the effect(s) of the interaction. Those effects
may include uniquely identifying the object that “sends” as well as the
mechanism of the receiving object that is shown to be induced or stimulated
to operate because of the action of receiving (that which was sent by the other
object). However, an interaction does not by itself describe the causality of
the interaction. Causality requires that the relation between two objects be
modeled as the change in the sending object, the change in the receiving
object, and the context of both the sending and receiving objects. Context is
the situation or framework (Aerts et al. 2003) in which the interaction between
two objects takes place. As such, interactions reveal a temporary dependency
of the receiving object on the sending object within a context. Therefore, the
context of the interaction may include multiple dependencies, for example,
dependencies between the sending object and its context, the receiving object
and its context, differences in contexts between the two objects, and the
impact of context(s) on the object that is sent (and the object that is received,
if the object sent is not what is received). It is through interactions that relations between objects are discernable. We will come back to causality in the
discussion on emergence.
Interaction is characterized by the transfer of something from one object
(sender) to another object (receiver). If the mechanism of the receiving object
is enacted, then the input is transformed into something within the design
limitations of the mechanism and the receiving object will attempt to use