584, 585, 587, 588, 603, 604, 610, 613–615, 617–620,
624, 625, 629, 633, 634, 647
Sparite, 179, 202, 203
Spectral gamma ray (SGR) log, 396, 397, 400–401
Spekk formation, 354, 625
Spiculite, 167
Spill point, 14, 319, 382, 617
Sponges, 56, 123, 124, 130, 131, 143, 154, 164, 166–167, 176,
178, 187, 199, 212, 219, 221, 315, 354, 614
Spontaneous potential (SP) logs, 394–396, 417
Stacking, 249, 336, 439, 440, 442–444, 448, 521
Statfjord allocation, 645
Statfjord field, 129, 146, 321, 604, 618
Static correction, 436, 439, 448
Static reservoir model, 559, 565–575
Static spontaneous potential (SSP), 395
Statoil, 489, 504, 506, 515, 536, 599, 644–646
Steam injection, 371, 489, 511, 553, 554, 581
Stokes law, 34
Stratigraphic trap, 6, 14, 16–18, 21, 80, 319, 321, 324, 328, 332,
334–337, 340, 342, 345, 346, 536, 537, 542, 593, 647
Streamer, 430, 433–438, 497, 509
Stress-strain, 309–311, 457
Strike-slip, 17, 268–270, 304, 319, 321–323, 337–340, 345, 347,
609, 610, 612, 626, 631, 632
Stromatolite, 154–157, 164, 180, 192, 207
Stromatoporoids, 159, 167–168
Structural trapp(ing), 2, 6, 14–17, 25, 26, 267, 270, 319–321,
324, 327, 328, 331, 334, 338, 340, 342, 343, 345, 542,
588, 593, 595–596, 617, 624, 647
Stylolites, 22, 132, 133, 142, 201, 202, 208, 211–214, 355, 356,
358, 359, 376, 377, 557
Submarine canyons, 84–87
Submarine fans, 85–87, 337, 448, 456, 483, 616
Subsidence
basin, 147, 297, 298, 304, 328, 329, 373, 378, 392, 614
tectonic, 60, 70, 265, 332, 615
Svalbard, 161, 167, 603, 626, 629, 630, 632, 633
Swath, 435
S-wave. See Shear wave (S-wave)
System tract, 249–251
T
Tampen Spur, 606, 608, 618
Tarbert formation, 619
Tar sand, 24–26, 28, 268, 371, 553, 554, 581–589
Temperature log, 391–393, 419
Tertiary, 4, 51, 65, 100, 111, 124, 140, 162, 165, 188, 199, 206,
224, 226, 228, 237, 240, 246, 255, 261, 263, 271, 296,
298, 467, 468, 475, 506, 586, 587, 598, 607, 615–620,
625, 633
structures, 626, 645
3D seismic, 2, 23, 48, 377, 434, 435, 437, 438, 446, 450, 452,
474, 482, 490, 501, 534, 536, 542, 549, 647, 649
Thermal alteration, 26, 27, 361
Thermal convection, 138, 273, 284, 290–293, 297
Thixotropic, 47, 103
Thrust systems, 340–342
Tidal
bundles, 82, 83
channels, 20, 75, 80, 82, 83, 180, 190, 192
Tilje formation, 134, 625
Time-lapse seismic, 437, 489, 491, 493, 497–499, 501,
504–507, 512, 556
Time migration, 444, 445
Time slice, 48, 260, 447, 449
Time-stratigraphy, 240–243
Time-temperature index (TTI), 277, 366, 367
Tortuosity factor, 299, 417, 418
Trace fossils, 49, 56–58, 82, 187
Trace muting, 440
Transgression, 20, 21, 59, 60, 70, 75, 76, 78, 79, 100, 112, 161,
184, 185, 192, 219, 228, 248–250, 252, 258, 259, 261,
262, 264, 265, 267, 269, 336, 451, 452, 610, 613, 614
Transmission loss, 432, 433
Trap, 2, 6, 11, 12, 14–18, 21, 25–27, 33, 73–75, 80, 154, 155,
182, 184, 186, 188, 200, 223, 227, 233, 267, 270, 295,
319–349, 353, 368, 375, 377–379, 381, 382, 386, 427,
455, 515, 534, 536, 537, 542, 546, 553, 584, 588, 593,
597, 616–618, 620, 624, 625, 633, 634, 641, 647
Travertine, 194–195
Triassic, 136, 162, 164, 167, 170, 171, 237, 247, 262, 607, 608,
610, 612–614, 617–619, 621, 622, 626, 628, 629, 634,
648, 651
Troll field, 23, 504, 530, 616, 618, 619, 634
Troll West Gas Province (TWGP), 504, 530–532
True amplitude recovery (TAR), 440
Truncated Gaussian fields, 571
TTI. See Time-temperature index (TTI)
Tuba ˚en formation, 536, 593, 598, 599
Tufa deposits, 194
Turbidites, 17, 20–22, 38, 39, 45, 46, 50, 58, 70, 83–85, 87, 89,
120, 140, 193, 212, 250, 269, 270, 290, 377, 383, 399,
465, 467, 473, 477, 481, 482, 614, 616, 620
Turbidity currents, 44–47, 64, 73, 83–85, 219
TWGP. See Troll West Gas Province (TWGP)
Two-way time (TWT) domain, 567
Two-way travel time, 409, 442, 444, 482
U
Uninvaded/undisturbed zone, 388, 389, 416, 417, 419–420
Uplift, 2, 8, 11, 21, 26, 48, 60, 67, 76, 104, 120, 126, 133, 140,
144, 151, 210–212, 218, 219, 225, 226, 245, 248, 259,
261, 263, 266–269, 271, 275, 283, 286–288, 290, 294,
297, 298, 301, 304–306, 314, 315, 318, 321, 327, 330,
336, 342–344, 351, 357, 370, 371, 373–376, 378, 379,
404, 407–409, 451, 452, 483, 484, 538, 558, 565, 581,
582, 585, 587, 588, 599, 603, 608, 609, 611, 613–617,
619, 620, 623, 624, 628, 632–635
Upwelling, 7, 21, 84, 114, 154, 184, 185, 220–221, 228, 361
Utsira High, 608, 616, 646, 647, 649, 651
Utsira Sand, 592, 593, 598, 599, 601
V
Vadose, 196
Vadose zone, 195–197, 226, 613
Variscan, 608, 611–613
Velocity analysis, 439, 440, 443, 444
Velocity spectrum, 443
Vertical seismic profiles (VSP), 260, 436–437, 439, 496
Vestera ˚len, 621, 623
Index
661
624, 625, 629, 633, 634, 647
Sparite, 179, 202, 203
Spectral gamma ray (SGR) log, 396, 397, 400–401
Spekk formation, 354, 625
Spiculite, 167
Spill point, 14, 319, 382, 617
Sponges, 56, 123, 124, 130, 131, 143, 154, 164, 166–167, 176,
178, 187, 199, 212, 219, 221, 315, 354, 614
Spontaneous potential (SP) logs, 394–396, 417
Stacking, 249, 336, 439, 440, 442–444, 448, 521
Statfjord allocation, 645
Statfjord field, 129, 146, 321, 604, 618
Static correction, 436, 439, 448
Static reservoir model, 559, 565–575
Static spontaneous potential (SSP), 395
Statoil, 489, 504, 506, 515, 536, 599, 644–646
Steam injection, 371, 489, 511, 553, 554, 581
Stokes law, 34
Stratigraphic trap, 6, 14, 16–18, 21, 80, 319, 321, 324, 328, 332,
334–337, 340, 342, 345, 346, 536, 537, 542, 593, 647
Streamer, 430, 433–438, 497, 509
Stress-strain, 309–311, 457
Strike-slip, 17, 268–270, 304, 319, 321–323, 337–340, 345, 347,
609, 610, 612, 626, 631, 632
Stromatolite, 154–157, 164, 180, 192, 207
Stromatoporoids, 159, 167–168
Structural trapp(ing), 2, 6, 14–17, 25, 26, 267, 270, 319–321,
324, 327, 328, 331, 334, 338, 340, 342, 343, 345, 542,
588, 593, 595–596, 617, 624, 647
Stylolites, 22, 132, 133, 142, 201, 202, 208, 211–214, 355, 356,
358, 359, 376, 377, 557
Submarine canyons, 84–87
Submarine fans, 85–87, 337, 448, 456, 483, 616
Subsidence
basin, 147, 297, 298, 304, 328, 329, 373, 378, 392, 614
tectonic, 60, 70, 265, 332, 615
Svalbard, 161, 167, 603, 626, 629, 630, 632, 633
Swath, 435
S-wave. See Shear wave (S-wave)
System tract, 249–251
T
Tampen Spur, 606, 608, 618
Tarbert formation, 619
Tar sand, 24–26, 28, 268, 371, 553, 554, 581–589
Temperature log, 391–393, 419
Tertiary, 4, 51, 65, 100, 111, 124, 140, 162, 165, 188, 199, 206,
224, 226, 228, 237, 240, 246, 255, 261, 263, 271, 296,
298, 467, 468, 475, 506, 586, 587, 598, 607, 615–620,
625, 633
structures, 626, 645
3D seismic, 2, 23, 48, 377, 434, 435, 437, 438, 446, 450, 452,
474, 482, 490, 501, 534, 536, 542, 549, 647, 649
Thermal alteration, 26, 27, 361
Thermal convection, 138, 273, 284, 290–293, 297
Thixotropic, 47, 103
Thrust systems, 340–342
Tidal
bundles, 82, 83
channels, 20, 75, 80, 82, 83, 180, 190, 192
Tilje formation, 134, 625
Time-lapse seismic, 437, 489, 491, 493, 497–499, 501,
504–507, 512, 556
Time migration, 444, 445
Time slice, 48, 260, 447, 449
Time-stratigraphy, 240–243
Time-temperature index (TTI), 277, 366, 367
Tortuosity factor, 299, 417, 418
Trace fossils, 49, 56–58, 82, 187
Trace muting, 440
Transgression, 20, 21, 59, 60, 70, 75, 76, 78, 79, 100, 112, 161,
184, 185, 192, 219, 228, 248–250, 252, 258, 259, 261,
262, 264, 265, 267, 269, 336, 451, 452, 610, 613, 614
Transmission loss, 432, 433
Trap, 2, 6, 11, 12, 14–18, 21, 25–27, 33, 73–75, 80, 154, 155,
182, 184, 186, 188, 200, 223, 227, 233, 267, 270, 295,
319–349, 353, 368, 375, 377–379, 381, 382, 386, 427,
455, 515, 534, 536, 537, 542, 546, 553, 584, 588, 593,
597, 616–618, 620, 624, 625, 633, 634, 641, 647
Travertine, 194–195
Triassic, 136, 162, 164, 167, 170, 171, 237, 247, 262, 607, 608,
610, 612–614, 617–619, 621, 622, 626, 628, 629, 634,
648, 651
Troll field, 23, 504, 530, 616, 618, 619, 634
Troll West Gas Province (TWGP), 504, 530–532
True amplitude recovery (TAR), 440
Truncated Gaussian fields, 571
TTI. See Time-temperature index (TTI)
Tuba ˚en formation, 536, 593, 598, 599
Tufa deposits, 194
Turbidites, 17, 20–22, 38, 39, 45, 46, 50, 58, 70, 83–85, 87, 89,
120, 140, 193, 212, 250, 269, 270, 290, 377, 383, 399,
465, 467, 473, 477, 481, 482, 614, 616, 620
Turbidity currents, 44–47, 64, 73, 83–85, 219
TWGP. See Troll West Gas Province (TWGP)
Two-way time (TWT) domain, 567
Two-way travel time, 409, 442, 444, 482
U
Uninvaded/undisturbed zone, 388, 389, 416, 417, 419–420
Uplift, 2, 8, 11, 21, 26, 48, 60, 67, 76, 104, 120, 126, 133, 140,
144, 151, 210–212, 218, 219, 225, 226, 245, 248, 259,
261, 263, 266–269, 271, 275, 283, 286–288, 290, 294,
297, 298, 301, 304–306, 314, 315, 318, 321, 327, 330,
336, 342–344, 351, 357, 370, 371, 373–376, 378, 379,
404, 407–409, 451, 452, 483, 484, 538, 558, 565, 581,
582, 585, 587, 588, 599, 603, 608, 609, 611, 613–617,
619, 620, 623, 624, 628, 632–635
Upwelling, 7, 21, 84, 114, 154, 184, 185, 220–221, 228, 361
Utsira High, 608, 616, 646, 647, 649, 651
Utsira Sand, 592, 593, 598, 599, 601
V
Vadose, 196
Vadose zone, 195–197, 226, 613
Variscan, 608, 611–613
Velocity analysis, 439, 440, 443, 444
Velocity spectrum, 443
Vertical seismic profiles (VSP), 260, 436–437, 439, 496
Vestera ˚len, 621, 623
Index
661