Enhanced oil recovery (EOR) project, 600–601
Enhanced recovery, 1, 553–557
Ephemeral, 60, 65, 222, 225
Erosion, 4, 21, 26, 31, 38, 41–43, 46, 49–54, 58–68, 70, 73,
75–77, 79, 80, 83–85, 91, 100, 104, 110–111, 113, 115,
116, 127, 137, 139, 144, 180, 182, 190, 217, 218, 226,
228, 238, 248–250, 252, 259–261, 263, 266, 275, 276,
283, 290, 301, 305, 306, 318, 321, 335–337, 342, 344,
346, 364, 375, 407, 448, 451, 452, 484, 607, 611,
614–618, 628, 629, 632–634, 648
Evaporate, 8, 61, 97, 192, 193, 207, 222, 224, 225, 371
Evaporites, 50, 65, 94, 95, 98, 113, 114, 156, 161, 179, 192, 207,
211, 217–229, 234, 246, 266, 267, 281–284, 294, 299,
303, 344–347, 397, 401, 405, 412–413, 415, 542, 594,
612, 626–628, 633
basins, 64, 65, 114, 183, 193, 222, 223, 225, 226, 267, 612
minerals, 207, 222, 344, 412
Exhumation, 21, 615
Experimental compaction, 127, 128, 142, 143, 145, 312–315,
353, 359
Exploration, 1–3, 17, 20–25, 27, 28, 31–33, 73, 116, 121, 145,
233, 237, 271, 279, 283, 288, 305, 307, 317, 319, 321,
328, 330, 342, 343, 364, 365, 367, 383, 385, 394,
427–486, 498, 504, 507, 515, 516, 528, 531, 534, 536,
540, 542, 545, 549, 561, 603–605, 616–620, 624, 625,
633–634, 639–651
Extension, 21, 33, 133, 211, 282, 288, 304, 306, 309, 319, 321,
323, 326–332, 334, 335, 338, 343, 345, 357, 378, 502,
532, 538, 607, 612, 618, 621, 622, 626, 631, 633
Extensional basin, 324–338, 340, 626, 627
F
Facies modelling, 569, 571–572
Faecal pellets, 82, 180–181, 190
Far stack, 475, 476, 478
Fault, 2, 16–17, 54, 106, 119, 211, 221, 260, 268–270, 275, 279,
294–295, 306, 319, 347–349, 359, 368, 421, 434, 490,
525, 552, 559, 593, 607
Fault architecture, 347–349
Feathering, 435
Feldspar, 19, 33, 39, 68, 100, 101, 103–107, 110, 119, 120,
124–127, 130, 136, 137, 139–141, 143, 144, 146, 207,
217–219, 246, 290, 312, 315, 355, 383, 397, 400, 413,
463, 467, 596–598, 614, 619, 625, 647
Fining-upwards, 20, 66, 67, 80, 82, 85, 377, 378, 384, 396, 399,
424, 553
F-K filter, 440, 441
Flaser bedding, 52, 82
Flett delta, 538, 539
Flocculation, 44, 64, 75, 218, 314
Flow simulations, 493, 565, 574, 575, 577, 578
Fluid
communication, 279, 284, 348, 387, 557
factor, 477–480
inclusions, 135–137, 207
pressure, 11, 279, 285, 288, 295, 299, 301–304, 307, 310,
374, 378–380, 501, 552
Fluid (hydrodynamic) potential, 195, 285–288, 303
Flushed/transition zones, 126, 387–389, 391, 406, 416, 418,
419, 432, 469, 477
Flute cast, 46, 53–55
Fluvial deposits, 60, 65, 67
Fluvial flow, 45, 46, 71
Fluvial reservoir zone, 571
Folk’s classification, 202–204
Foraminifera, 7, 19, 100, 112, 124, 162, 164–166, 184, 185, 192,
193, 198, 234, 236, 237, 240, 245, 615
Foramol association, 184–185
Fore-arc basin, 87, 120, 270, 271
Formation factor, 279, 417
Formation resistivity factor, 417–418
Formation water, 279, 281–284, 292, 303, 387, 388, 395, 396,
415, 417, 418, 472, 516, 593–598
4C seismic, 432, 435, 438
4D seismic, 2, 21, 23, 437–438, 489–512, 557, 562, 598, 600
Fractured reservoirs, 124, 146, 211–212, 221, 547, 556–557
Fractured rocks, 379, 546, 549
Fracture pressure, 21, 295–298, 303, 307, 308, 356, 374,
378–382, 384, 501, 598, 620
Fresnel zone, 445, 446
Froude number, 42, 43, 52, 53
G
Gamma logs, 3, 397, 424
Gamma ray log, 396–401, 407, 466, 484
Gas
effect, 401, 409
hydrates, 24, 581, 588–589
injection, 553, 555, 618
Gassmann model, 491
Gauge, 393, 394
Gaussian simulations, 573
Geo-cellular model, 567
Geochemistry, 2, 47, 64, 90–116, 151–152, 361–371, 561, 600
Geological framework, 565–567
Geological modelling grid, 568, 569
Geomechanic, 301–318, 422, 498–501, 505, 512
Geomechanical effects, 498–501
Geometric spreading, 433
Geophone, 2, 3, 429–432, 434–436, 439, 600
Geophysical monitoring, 504–505
Geostatic pressure, 557
Geostatistics, 569, 572, 573, 579
Geothermal gradient (g G ), 12, 89, 128–130, 137, 139, 141, 143,
144, 220, 257, 263, 265–267, 270, 271, 273–277, 291,
292, 314, 321, 342, 343, 356, 363, 365–368, 392, 419,
589, 594, 614, 619
Gibbsite, 107, 111, 127, 217, 218, 282
Glacial, 9, 60, 63, 64, 97, 110, 115, 189, 194, 196, 218, 248, 249,
276, 304, 314, 315, 353, 354, 589, 604, 616, 620, 624,
633, 634, 648
Glitne field, 456, 465, 481, 482
Goliath field, 633, 645
Grain flow, 48
Grain size, 31, 32, 34–40, 43, 45, 49–51, 53, 60, 63, 66, 68, 90,
107, 119, 127, 128, 143–145, 176, 179, 181, 202, 204,
212, 214, 217, 218, 246, 299, 312, 315–317, 351, 352,
356, 396, 399, 424, 465, 564, 596
Grapestone, 189
Gravity flow, 44, 212, 335
656
Index
Enhanced recovery, 1, 553–557
Ephemeral, 60, 65, 222, 225
Erosion, 4, 21, 26, 31, 38, 41–43, 46, 49–54, 58–68, 70, 73,
75–77, 79, 80, 83–85, 91, 100, 104, 110–111, 113, 115,
116, 127, 137, 139, 144, 180, 182, 190, 217, 218, 226,
228, 238, 248–250, 252, 259–261, 263, 266, 275, 276,
283, 290, 301, 305, 306, 318, 321, 335–337, 342, 344,
346, 364, 375, 407, 448, 451, 452, 484, 607, 611,
614–618, 628, 629, 632–634, 648
Evaporate, 8, 61, 97, 192, 193, 207, 222, 224, 225, 371
Evaporites, 50, 65, 94, 95, 98, 113, 114, 156, 161, 179, 192, 207,
211, 217–229, 234, 246, 266, 267, 281–284, 294, 299,
303, 344–347, 397, 401, 405, 412–413, 415, 542, 594,
612, 626–628, 633
basins, 64, 65, 114, 183, 193, 222, 223, 225, 226, 267, 612
minerals, 207, 222, 344, 412
Exhumation, 21, 615
Experimental compaction, 127, 128, 142, 143, 145, 312–315,
353, 359
Exploration, 1–3, 17, 20–25, 27, 28, 31–33, 73, 116, 121, 145,
233, 237, 271, 279, 283, 288, 305, 307, 317, 319, 321,
328, 330, 342, 343, 364, 365, 367, 383, 385, 394,
427–486, 498, 504, 507, 515, 516, 528, 531, 534, 536,
540, 542, 545, 549, 561, 603–605, 616–620, 624, 625,
633–634, 639–651
Extension, 21, 33, 133, 211, 282, 288, 304, 306, 309, 319, 321,
323, 326–332, 334, 335, 338, 343, 345, 357, 378, 502,
532, 538, 607, 612, 618, 621, 622, 626, 631, 633
Extensional basin, 324–338, 340, 626, 627
F
Facies modelling, 569, 571–572
Faecal pellets, 82, 180–181, 190
Far stack, 475, 476, 478
Fault, 2, 16–17, 54, 106, 119, 211, 221, 260, 268–270, 275, 279,
294–295, 306, 319, 347–349, 359, 368, 421, 434, 490,
525, 552, 559, 593, 607
Fault architecture, 347–349
Feathering, 435
Feldspar, 19, 33, 39, 68, 100, 101, 103–107, 110, 119, 120,
124–127, 130, 136, 137, 139–141, 143, 144, 146, 207,
217–219, 246, 290, 312, 315, 355, 383, 397, 400, 413,
463, 467, 596–598, 614, 619, 625, 647
Fining-upwards, 20, 66, 67, 80, 82, 85, 377, 378, 384, 396, 399,
424, 553
F-K filter, 440, 441
Flaser bedding, 52, 82
Flett delta, 538, 539
Flocculation, 44, 64, 75, 218, 314
Flow simulations, 493, 565, 574, 575, 577, 578
Fluid
communication, 279, 284, 348, 387, 557
factor, 477–480
inclusions, 135–137, 207
pressure, 11, 279, 285, 288, 295, 299, 301–304, 307, 310,
374, 378–380, 501, 552
Fluid (hydrodynamic) potential, 195, 285–288, 303
Flushed/transition zones, 126, 387–389, 391, 406, 416, 418,
419, 432, 469, 477
Flute cast, 46, 53–55
Fluvial deposits, 60, 65, 67
Fluvial flow, 45, 46, 71
Fluvial reservoir zone, 571
Folk’s classification, 202–204
Foraminifera, 7, 19, 100, 112, 124, 162, 164–166, 184, 185, 192,
193, 198, 234, 236, 237, 240, 245, 615
Foramol association, 184–185
Fore-arc basin, 87, 120, 270, 271
Formation factor, 279, 417
Formation resistivity factor, 417–418
Formation water, 279, 281–284, 292, 303, 387, 388, 395, 396,
415, 417, 418, 472, 516, 593–598
4C seismic, 432, 435, 438
4D seismic, 2, 21, 23, 437–438, 489–512, 557, 562, 598, 600
Fractured reservoirs, 124, 146, 211–212, 221, 547, 556–557
Fractured rocks, 379, 546, 549
Fracture pressure, 21, 295–298, 303, 307, 308, 356, 374,
378–382, 384, 501, 598, 620
Fresnel zone, 445, 446
Froude number, 42, 43, 52, 53
G
Gamma logs, 3, 397, 424
Gamma ray log, 396–401, 407, 466, 484
Gas
effect, 401, 409
hydrates, 24, 581, 588–589
injection, 553, 555, 618
Gassmann model, 491
Gauge, 393, 394
Gaussian simulations, 573
Geo-cellular model, 567
Geochemistry, 2, 47, 64, 90–116, 151–152, 361–371, 561, 600
Geological framework, 565–567
Geological modelling grid, 568, 569
Geomechanic, 301–318, 422, 498–501, 505, 512
Geomechanical effects, 498–501
Geometric spreading, 433
Geophone, 2, 3, 429–432, 434–436, 439, 600
Geophysical monitoring, 504–505
Geostatic pressure, 557
Geostatistics, 569, 572, 573, 579
Geothermal gradient (g G ), 12, 89, 128–130, 137, 139, 141, 143,
144, 220, 257, 263, 265–267, 270, 271, 273–277, 291,
292, 314, 321, 342, 343, 356, 363, 365–368, 392, 419,
589, 594, 614, 619
Gibbsite, 107, 111, 127, 217, 218, 282
Glacial, 9, 60, 63, 64, 97, 110, 115, 189, 194, 196, 218, 248, 249,
276, 304, 314, 315, 353, 354, 589, 604, 616, 620, 624,
633, 634, 648
Glitne field, 456, 465, 481, 482
Goliath field, 633, 645
Grain flow, 48
Grain size, 31, 32, 34–40, 43, 45, 49–51, 53, 60, 63, 66, 68, 90,
107, 119, 127, 128, 143–145, 176, 179, 181, 202, 204,
212, 214, 217, 218, 246, 299, 312, 315–317, 351, 352,
356, 396, 399, 424, 465, 564, 596
Grapestone, 189
Gravity flow, 44, 212, 335
656
Index