picture of hydrocarbon potential, and in less time, than
viewing those attributes discretely. By integration and
3D visualisation of massive amounts of data one can
add greater value to decision making to differentiate
between economic and sub-economic wells in a marginal area. The ability to understand data, gain useful
insight, and communicate these with others is greatly
enhanced by the use of interactive 3D visualisation.
However, the ability to adjust the parameters and the
display interactively is crucial to exploring the data
and finding the combinations that highlight specific
features and relationships.
Further Reading
Aronsen, H.A., Osdal, B., Dahl, T., Eiken, O., Goto, R.,
Khazanehdari, J., Pickering, S. and Smith, P. 2004. Time
will tell: New insights from time-lapse seismic data. Oilfield
Review 16(2), 6–15.
Ashton, C.P., Bacon, B., Mann, A., Moldoveanu, N., De ´plante ´,
C., Dickilreson, T.S. and Redekop, G. 1994. 3D seismic
survey design. Oilfield Review 6, 19–32.
Beckett, C., Brooks, T., Parker, G., Bjoroy, R., Pajot, D., Taylor,
P., Deitz, D., Flaten, T., Jaarvik, L.J., Jack, I., Nunn, K.,
Strudley, A. and Walker, R. 1995. Reducing 3D seismic
turnaround. Oilfield Review 7(1), 23–37.
Blob, F. and Bacon, M. 2009. Application of direct hydrocarbon
indicators for exploration in a Permian-Triassic play, offshore the Netherlands. First Break 27, 37–44.
Braile, L.W. 2000. Seismic Waves and the Slinky: A Guide for
Teachers.
http://www.gg.uwyo.edu/geol2005a/lectures/
seismics/WaveDemo.pdf
Dalley, R.M., Gevers, E.C.A., Stampfli, G.M., Davis, D.J.,
Gastaldi, C.N., Ruijtenberg, P.A. and Vermeet, G.J.O.
1989. Dip and azimuth displays for 3D seismic interpretation. First Break 7, 86–95.
Gao, D. 2003. Volume texture extraction for 3D seismic visualization and interpretation. Geophysics 68, 1294–1302.
Granli, J.R., Arnsten, B., Anders, S. and Hilda, E. 1999. Imaging
through gas-filled sediments using marine shear-wave data.
Geophysics 64, 668–667.
Hesthammer, J., Landrø, M. and Fossen, F. 2001. Use and abuse
of seismic data in reservoir characterisation. Marine and
Petroleum Geology 18, 635–655.
James, H. 2003. Has volume interpretation of structure been
cracked at last? First Break 21, 38–40.
James, H. 2009. Visualizing 3D features in 3D seismic data.
First Break 27, 57–62.
Liner, C., Li, C.-F., Gersztenkorn, A. and Smythe, J. 2004.
SPICE: A new general seismic attribute: 72nd Annual International Meeting, SEG, Expanded Abstracts, 433–436.
Loewenthal, D., Lu, L., Roberson, R. and Sherwood, J. 1976.
The wave equation applied to migration. Geophysical
Prospecting 24, 380–399.
Milligan, M. 2004. What are seismic surveys and how much
shaking do they create? Survey Notes, Utah Geological
Survey 36(3), 10–11.
Ongkiehong, L. and Askin, H.J. 1988. Towards the universal
seismic acquisition technique. First Break 6(2), 46–63.
Rygg, E., Riste, P., Nottvedt, A., Rod, K. and Kristoffersen, Y.
1992. The Snowstreamer - a new device for acquisition of
seismic data on land. In: Vorren, T.O., Bergsager, E., DahlStamnes, O.A., Holter, E., Johanses, B., Lie, E. and Lund, T.
B. (eds.), Arctic Geology and Petroleum Potential. NPF
Special Publication 2, 703–709.
Selley, R.C. 1998. Elements of Petroleum Geology. Academic
Press, San Diego, CA, 470 pp.
Sheriff, R.E. 1976. Inferring stratigraphy from seismic data.
AAPG Bulletin 60, 528–542.
Sheriff, R.E. and Geldart, L.P. 1995. Exploration Seismology.
Cambridge University Press, New York, 592 pp.
Taner, M.T., Schuelke, J.S., O’Doherty, R. and Baysal, E. 1994.
Seismic attributes revisited: 64th Annual International
Meeting, SEG, Expanded Abstracts, 1104–1106.
Telford, W.M., Geldart, L.P. and Sheriff, R.E. 1990. Applied
Geophysics. Cambridge University Press, New York, 770 pp.
Thompson, M., Arntsen, B. and Amundsen, L. 2007. Full azimuth imaging through consistent application of ocean bottom seismic. 77th Annual International Meeting, SEG,
Expanded Abstracts, 936–940.
Tucker, P.M. and Yorston, H.J. 1973. Pitfalls in seismic interpretation. Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Monograph
Series, No. 2, 50 pp.
Vail, P.R., Mitchum, R.M. and Thomson, S. 1977. Seismic
stratigraphy and global changes of sea level, Part 3: Relative
changes of sea level from coastal onlap. In: Payton, C.E.
(ed.), Seismic Stratigraphy – Applications to Hydrocarbon
Exploration. AAPG Memor 26, 63–97.
Versteeg, R. 1994. The Marmousi experience: Velocity model
determination on a synthetic complex dataset. The Leading
Edge 13, 927–936.
Yilmaz, O. 2001. Seismic Data Analysis: Processing, Inversion
and Interpretation of Seismic Data. SEG Press, Tulsa,
2027 pp.
454
N.H. Mondol
viewing those attributes discretely. By integration and
3D visualisation of massive amounts of data one can
add greater value to decision making to differentiate
between economic and sub-economic wells in a marginal area. The ability to understand data, gain useful
insight, and communicate these with others is greatly
enhanced by the use of interactive 3D visualisation.
However, the ability to adjust the parameters and the
display interactively is crucial to exploring the data
and finding the combinations that highlight specific
features and relationships.
Further Reading
Aronsen, H.A., Osdal, B., Dahl, T., Eiken, O., Goto, R.,
Khazanehdari, J., Pickering, S. and Smith, P. 2004. Time
will tell: New insights from time-lapse seismic data. Oilfield
Review 16(2), 6–15.
Ashton, C.P., Bacon, B., Mann, A., Moldoveanu, N., De ´plante ´,
C., Dickilreson, T.S. and Redekop, G. 1994. 3D seismic
survey design. Oilfield Review 6, 19–32.
Beckett, C., Brooks, T., Parker, G., Bjoroy, R., Pajot, D., Taylor,
P., Deitz, D., Flaten, T., Jaarvik, L.J., Jack, I., Nunn, K.,
Strudley, A. and Walker, R. 1995. Reducing 3D seismic
turnaround. Oilfield Review 7(1), 23–37.
Blob, F. and Bacon, M. 2009. Application of direct hydrocarbon
indicators for exploration in a Permian-Triassic play, offshore the Netherlands. First Break 27, 37–44.
Braile, L.W. 2000. Seismic Waves and the Slinky: A Guide for
Teachers.
http://www.gg.uwyo.edu/geol2005a/lectures/
seismics/WaveDemo.pdf
Dalley, R.M., Gevers, E.C.A., Stampfli, G.M., Davis, D.J.,
Gastaldi, C.N., Ruijtenberg, P.A. and Vermeet, G.J.O.
1989. Dip and azimuth displays for 3D seismic interpretation. First Break 7, 86–95.
Gao, D. 2003. Volume texture extraction for 3D seismic visualization and interpretation. Geophysics 68, 1294–1302.
Granli, J.R., Arnsten, B., Anders, S. and Hilda, E. 1999. Imaging
through gas-filled sediments using marine shear-wave data.
Geophysics 64, 668–667.
Hesthammer, J., Landrø, M. and Fossen, F. 2001. Use and abuse
of seismic data in reservoir characterisation. Marine and
Petroleum Geology 18, 635–655.
James, H. 2003. Has volume interpretation of structure been
cracked at last? First Break 21, 38–40.
James, H. 2009. Visualizing 3D features in 3D seismic data.
First Break 27, 57–62.
Liner, C., Li, C.-F., Gersztenkorn, A. and Smythe, J. 2004.
SPICE: A new general seismic attribute: 72nd Annual International Meeting, SEG, Expanded Abstracts, 433–436.
Loewenthal, D., Lu, L., Roberson, R. and Sherwood, J. 1976.
The wave equation applied to migration. Geophysical
Prospecting 24, 380–399.
Milligan, M. 2004. What are seismic surveys and how much
shaking do they create? Survey Notes, Utah Geological
Survey 36(3), 10–11.
Ongkiehong, L. and Askin, H.J. 1988. Towards the universal
seismic acquisition technique. First Break 6(2), 46–63.
Rygg, E., Riste, P., Nottvedt, A., Rod, K. and Kristoffersen, Y.
1992. The Snowstreamer - a new device for acquisition of
seismic data on land. In: Vorren, T.O., Bergsager, E., DahlStamnes, O.A., Holter, E., Johanses, B., Lie, E. and Lund, T.
B. (eds.), Arctic Geology and Petroleum Potential. NPF
Special Publication 2, 703–709.
Selley, R.C. 1998. Elements of Petroleum Geology. Academic
Press, San Diego, CA, 470 pp.
Sheriff, R.E. 1976. Inferring stratigraphy from seismic data.
AAPG Bulletin 60, 528–542.
Sheriff, R.E. and Geldart, L.P. 1995. Exploration Seismology.
Cambridge University Press, New York, 592 pp.
Taner, M.T., Schuelke, J.S., O’Doherty, R. and Baysal, E. 1994.
Seismic attributes revisited: 64th Annual International
Meeting, SEG, Expanded Abstracts, 1104–1106.
Telford, W.M., Geldart, L.P. and Sheriff, R.E. 1990. Applied
Geophysics. Cambridge University Press, New York, 770 pp.
Thompson, M., Arntsen, B. and Amundsen, L. 2007. Full azimuth imaging through consistent application of ocean bottom seismic. 77th Annual International Meeting, SEG,
Expanded Abstracts, 936–940.
Tucker, P.M. and Yorston, H.J. 1973. Pitfalls in seismic interpretation. Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Monograph
Series, No. 2, 50 pp.
Vail, P.R., Mitchum, R.M. and Thomson, S. 1977. Seismic
stratigraphy and global changes of sea level, Part 3: Relative
changes of sea level from coastal onlap. In: Payton, C.E.
(ed.), Seismic Stratigraphy – Applications to Hydrocarbon
Exploration. AAPG Memor 26, 63–97.
Versteeg, R. 1994. The Marmousi experience: Velocity model
determination on a synthetic complex dataset. The Leading
Edge 13, 927–936.
Yilmaz, O. 2001. Seismic Data Analysis: Processing, Inversion
and Interpretation of Seismic Data. SEG Press, Tulsa,
2027 pp.
454
N.H. Mondol