35. Batra D, Seifert S, Varela LM, Liu ACY, Firestone MA (2007) Solvent-mediated plasmon
tuning in a gold-nanoparticle–poly(ionic liquid) composite. Adv Funct Mater 17:1279–1287
36. Lee S, Becht GA, Lee B, Burns CT, Firestone MA (2010) Electropolymerization of a
bifunctional ionic liquid monomer yields an electroactive liquid-crystalline polymer. Adv
Funct Mater 20:2063–2070
37. Li X, Ni X, Liang Z, Shen Z (2012) Preparation of main-chain imidazolium-functionalized
amphiphilic block copolymers through combination of condensation polymerization and
nitroxide-mediated free radical polymerization and their micelle study. J Polym Sci A
Polym Chem 50:2037–2044
38. Zare P, Stojanovic A, Herbst F, Akbarzadeh J, Peterlik H, Binder WH (2012) Hierarchically
nanostructured polyisobutylene-based ionic liquids. Macromolecules 45:2074–2084
39. Park MJ, Choi I, Hong J, Kim O (2013) Polymer electrolytes integrated with ionic liquids for
future electrochemical devices. J Appl Polym Sci 129:2363–2376
40. Choi I, Ahn H, Park MJ (2011) Enhanced performance in lithium-polymer batteries
using surface-functionalized Si nanoparticle anodes and self-assembled block copolymer
electrolytes. Macromolecules 44:7327–7334
41. He Y, Li Z, Simone P, Lodge TP (2006) Self-assembly of block copolymer micelles in an ionic
liquid. J Am Chem Soc 128:2745–2750
42. Bai Z, Lodge TP (2010) Pluronic micelle shuttle between water and an ionic liquid. Langmuir
26:8887–8892
43. Tokuda M, Minami H, Mizuta Y, Yamagami T (2012) Preparation of micron-sized
monodisperse poly(ionic liquid) particles. Macromol Rapid Commun 33:1130–1134
44. Yuan J, Antonietti M (2011) Poly(ionic liquid) latexes prepared by dispersion polymerization
of ionic liquid monomers. Macromolecules 44:744–750
45. Yan F, Texter J (2006) Surfactant ionic liquid-based microemulsions for polymerization.
Chem Commun 2006(25):2696–2698
46. Zhao J, Yan F, Chen Z, Diao H, Chu F, Yu S, Lu J (2009) Microemulsion polymerization of
cationic pyrroles bearing an imidazolum-ionic liquid moiety. J Polym Sci A Polym Chem
47:746–753
47. Muldoon MJ, Gordon CM (2004) Synthesis of gel-type polymer beads from ionic liquid
monomers. J Polym Sci A Polym Chem 42:3865–3869
48. Marcilla R, Sanchez-Paniagua M, Lopez-Ruiz B, Lopez-Cabarcos E, Ochoteco E, Grande H,
Mecerreyes D (2006) Synthesis and characterization of new polymeric ionic liquid microgels.
J Polym Sci A Polym Chem 44:3958–3965
49. Yan F, Texter J (2007) Solvent-reversible poration in ionic liquid copolymers. Angew Chem
Int Ed 46:2440–2443
50. Yuan J, Soll S, Drechsler M, Mu ¨ller AHE, Antonietti M (2011) Self-assembly of poly(ionic
liquid)s: polymerization, mesostructure formation, and directional alignment in one step. J Am
Chem Soc 133:17556–17559
51. Koebe M, Drechsler M, Weber J, Yuan J (2012) Crosslinked poly(ionic liquid) nanoparticles:
inner structure, size, and morphology. Macromol Rapid Commun 33:646–651
52. Lo ´pez MS-P, Mecerreyes D, Lo ´pez-Cabarcos E, Lo ´pez-Ruiz B (2006) Amperometric glucose
biosensor based on polymerized ionic liquid microparticles. Biosens Bioelectron
21:2320–2328
53. Huang J, Tao C-a, An Q, Zhang W, Wu Y, Li X, Shen D, Li G (2010) 3D-ordered macroporous
poly(ionic liquid) films as multifunctional materials. Chem Commun 46:967–969
54. Marcilla R, Curri ML, Cozzoli PD, Martı ´nez MT, Loinaz I, Grande H, Pomposo JA,
Mecerreyes D (2006) Nano-objects on a round trip from water to organics in a polymeric
ionic liquid vehicle. Small 2:507–512
55. Kim T, Lee H, Kim J, Suh KS (2010) Synthesis of phase transferable graphene sheets using
ionic liquid polymers. ACS Nano 4:1612–1618
Nanostructured Polymeric Ionic Liquids
443
tuning in a gold-nanoparticle–poly(ionic liquid) composite. Adv Funct Mater 17:1279–1287
36. Lee S, Becht GA, Lee B, Burns CT, Firestone MA (2010) Electropolymerization of a
bifunctional ionic liquid monomer yields an electroactive liquid-crystalline polymer. Adv
Funct Mater 20:2063–2070
37. Li X, Ni X, Liang Z, Shen Z (2012) Preparation of main-chain imidazolium-functionalized
amphiphilic block copolymers through combination of condensation polymerization and
nitroxide-mediated free radical polymerization and their micelle study. J Polym Sci A
Polym Chem 50:2037–2044
38. Zare P, Stojanovic A, Herbst F, Akbarzadeh J, Peterlik H, Binder WH (2012) Hierarchically
nanostructured polyisobutylene-based ionic liquids. Macromolecules 45:2074–2084
39. Park MJ, Choi I, Hong J, Kim O (2013) Polymer electrolytes integrated with ionic liquids for
future electrochemical devices. J Appl Polym Sci 129:2363–2376
40. Choi I, Ahn H, Park MJ (2011) Enhanced performance in lithium-polymer batteries
using surface-functionalized Si nanoparticle anodes and self-assembled block copolymer
electrolytes. Macromolecules 44:7327–7334
41. He Y, Li Z, Simone P, Lodge TP (2006) Self-assembly of block copolymer micelles in an ionic
liquid. J Am Chem Soc 128:2745–2750
42. Bai Z, Lodge TP (2010) Pluronic micelle shuttle between water and an ionic liquid. Langmuir
26:8887–8892
43. Tokuda M, Minami H, Mizuta Y, Yamagami T (2012) Preparation of micron-sized
monodisperse poly(ionic liquid) particles. Macromol Rapid Commun 33:1130–1134
44. Yuan J, Antonietti M (2011) Poly(ionic liquid) latexes prepared by dispersion polymerization
of ionic liquid monomers. Macromolecules 44:744–750
45. Yan F, Texter J (2006) Surfactant ionic liquid-based microemulsions for polymerization.
Chem Commun 2006(25):2696–2698
46. Zhao J, Yan F, Chen Z, Diao H, Chu F, Yu S, Lu J (2009) Microemulsion polymerization of
cationic pyrroles bearing an imidazolum-ionic liquid moiety. J Polym Sci A Polym Chem
47:746–753
47. Muldoon MJ, Gordon CM (2004) Synthesis of gel-type polymer beads from ionic liquid
monomers. J Polym Sci A Polym Chem 42:3865–3869
48. Marcilla R, Sanchez-Paniagua M, Lopez-Ruiz B, Lopez-Cabarcos E, Ochoteco E, Grande H,
Mecerreyes D (2006) Synthesis and characterization of new polymeric ionic liquid microgels.
J Polym Sci A Polym Chem 44:3958–3965
49. Yan F, Texter J (2007) Solvent-reversible poration in ionic liquid copolymers. Angew Chem
Int Ed 46:2440–2443
50. Yuan J, Soll S, Drechsler M, Mu ¨ller AHE, Antonietti M (2011) Self-assembly of poly(ionic
liquid)s: polymerization, mesostructure formation, and directional alignment in one step. J Am
Chem Soc 133:17556–17559
51. Koebe M, Drechsler M, Weber J, Yuan J (2012) Crosslinked poly(ionic liquid) nanoparticles:
inner structure, size, and morphology. Macromol Rapid Commun 33:646–651
52. Lo ´pez MS-P, Mecerreyes D, Lo ´pez-Cabarcos E, Lo ´pez-Ruiz B (2006) Amperometric glucose
biosensor based on polymerized ionic liquid microparticles. Biosens Bioelectron
21:2320–2328
53. Huang J, Tao C-a, An Q, Zhang W, Wu Y, Li X, Shen D, Li G (2010) 3D-ordered macroporous
poly(ionic liquid) films as multifunctional materials. Chem Commun 46:967–969
54. Marcilla R, Curri ML, Cozzoli PD, Martı ´nez MT, Loinaz I, Grande H, Pomposo JA,
Mecerreyes D (2006) Nano-objects on a round trip from water to organics in a polymeric
ionic liquid vehicle. Small 2:507–512
55. Kim T, Lee H, Kim J, Suh KS (2010) Synthesis of phase transferable graphene sheets using
ionic liquid polymers. ACS Nano 4:1612–1618
Nanostructured Polymeric Ionic Liquids
443