Contents
7.2.3
7.3
7.3.1
7.3.2
7.4
7.4.1
7.4.2
7.4.3
8
8.1
8.2
8.2.1
8.2.2
8.2.3
8.2.4
8.2.5
8.2.6
8.2.7
8.2.8
8.2.9
8.2.10
8.2.11
8.2.1 2
8.2.1 3
8.2.14
8.2.1 5
8.2.16
8.3
9
9.1
9.2
9.3
9.4
9.5
9.5.1
9.5.2
9.5.3
9.5.4
9.5.5
9.5.6
9.5.7
9.5.8
9.5.9
9.6
10
10.1
10.2
10.3
Crevasse-Splay Peposits (Ekment CS) ............................ .
Fine�Grained Clastic Deposits ...... , .... . ... . ... . . . .. . . . .. .. . . .. .
Floodplain Fines (Element FF) ................................... .
Abandoned Channel Fills (Element FF(CH)) ....................... .
Biochemical Sediments ............ , . . , ; .. .. .. .. .. , .. . .. .. ... , .. .
Coal .......................................................... .
Paleosols ............ , ...... .. .... . .... .. ... . ..... . ....... . .... .
Evaporites .................................................... .
Fluvial Styles and Facies Models .......................•..........
Controls on Channel Style ....................................... .
Facies Models ................................................. .
Gravel• Bed Braided River with Sediment-Gravity-Flow Deposits ..... .
Shallow, Gravel-Bed Braided River ............................... .
Deep, Gravel-Bed Braided River .................................. .
Gravel-Bed, Wandering River , .......... . .. .. .. . .. ... ... . .... .. . . .
Gravel-Bed, Meandering River ................................... .
Gravel-Sand Meandering River .................................. .
Sand-Bed Meandering River ..................................... .
Ephemeral, Sand-Bed Meandering River .......................... .
Fine-Grained Meandering River ........... , .. . .... .. .. . . . .. ... ... .
Anastomosed River ...... , .... .. . . .. .. .... . . . .. .. ... . . . ... .. .. . .
Low-Sinuosity River, wHh Alternate Bars .......................... .
Shallow, Perennial, Sand-Bed Braided River ....................... .
Deep, Perennial, Sand-Be4 Braided River .......................... .
High-Energy, Sand-Bed Braided River ............•................
Distal, Sheetflood, Sand-Bed River ............................... .
Flashy, Ephemeral, Sheetflood, Sand-Bed River .................... .
Alluvial Fans &nd Other Fluvial Distributary Systems ............... .
The Stratigraphic Architecture of Fluvial Peposit . ional Systems ...... ,
Introduction ............................ , .. .......... . .. .. . . .. .
Channel Belts .................................................. .
Depositional Systems . . . ...... . . . . _ ........ .. ... ... ... . . . ... .. . .. .
Basin-fill Complexes ....................... , .... .. ... . . . . .... . . . .
Methods of Correlation and Mapping ............................. .
The Use of Marker Beds ........................... , ..... ... ..... .
Wjrelipe Logs ................................................. .
Lithofacies Mapping ............................................ .
Seismic Methods ............................................... .
Ground-Penetrating Radar .. , .. . .... . .. . ........... .. ... . ... . ... .
Magnetostratigraphy ........................................... .
Paleocurrent Analysis ...... , . . .... . ... ..... . ... . ...... .. .... . .. .
The Dipmeter ........................................ , ..... . . . .
Surveillance Geology ........................................... .
Stratigraphic Nomenclature ..................................... .
Fluvial Depositi9n� Systems and Aut9genic Sedimentary Controls .. .
Introduction .... , ...... . . . .. . . , ... .... , . ... .. . . . ..... . . . ..... . .
The Evolution of Distributary Fluvial Systems ....................•.
Avulsion in Fluvial Systems and Its Effect on Alluvial Stratigraphy .....
XIII
17 4
176
17 7
17 7
178
179
18 3
190
191
191
198
206
208
209
211
212
215
217
219
222
229
233
234
235
23 8
240
24 3
245
251
251
251
261
265
272
272
273
276
28 3
292
293
293
298
30 2
306
311
311
311
317