38
H. Li et al.
Conclusions
(1) A CO 2 emissions model for integrated iron and steel enterprise with both BFBOF and EAF process was established based on carbon metabolism analysis. For
each process, CO 2 emissions are classified into technical emission and combustion emission. As for EAF process, electricity structure should be considered to
analyze the indirect carbon emissions.
(2) The carbon emission intensity of the case enterprise reaches 1876.82 kg/t steel,
and the carbon emissions from BF process account for 53.64%. Thus, to reduce
the carbon emissions, more attention should be taken to the BF process.
(3) The case analysis indicates that for the EAF process, the electricity emission
accounts for 76.33%. Power saving is the key to carbon emission reduction in the
EAF process. Furthermore, improving the efficiency of self-provided generation
and making full use of waste energy for power generation are very important
for carbon reduction in EAF process.
References
1. Hu JL, Chen CP, Chen YH (2016) Energy consumption and CO 2 emission in Taiwan’s iron-steel
industries. Energy Sour Part B-Econ Plann Policy 11(1):87–95
2. Dong HJ, Dai HC, Geng Y (2017) Exploring impact of carbon tax on China’s CO 2 reductions
and provincial disparities. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 77:596–603
3. Brunner (2017) Substance flow analysis. J Ind Ecol 16(3):293–295
4. Duan Y, Li N, Mu HL (2017) Research on CO 2 emission reduction mechanism of China’s iron
and steel industry under various emission reduction policies. Energies 10(12):2026
5. Xu B, Lin BQ (2016) Assessing CO 2 emissions in China’s iron and steel industry: a dynamic
vector autoregression model. Appl Energy 161:375–386
6. Zhang Q, Li Y, Xu J (2018) Carbon element flow analysis and CO 2 emission reduction in iron
and steel works. J Clean Prod 172:709–723
7. Xu RJ, Xu L, Xu B (2017) Assessing CO 2 emissions in China’s iron and steel industry: evidence
from quantile regression approach. J Clean Prod 152:259–270
8. Rhee CH, Kim JY, Han K (2011) Process analysis for ammonia-based CO 2 capture in
ironmaking industry. Energy Procedia 04:1486–1493
9. Liu ZG, Chu MS, Wang ZC (2009) Utilization and CO 2 treatment of by product gas in iron
and steel enterprises. In: Proceedings of the 7th (2009) China Iron and steel annual meeting,
pp 243–250
10. Yang ZB, Zhang YW, Zhang YY (2010) Thermodynamic analysis and experimental study on
hydrogen production from methane reforming of coke oven gas. J Phys Chem 26(02):350–358
11. China National Standardization Administration (2015) Greenhouse gas emission accounting
and reporting requirements part 5: steel production enterprises: GB/T 32151.5–2015, China
Standards Press, Beijing
12. Ma CM (2014) Study on greenhouse gas emission factors of provincial power grid. Resour Sci
36(05):1005–1012
13. Na HM (2017) MFA-based analysis of CO 2 emissions from typical industry in urban-As a case
of steel industry. Ecol Model 365:45–54
H. Li et al.
Conclusions
(1) A CO 2 emissions model for integrated iron and steel enterprise with both BFBOF and EAF process was established based on carbon metabolism analysis. For
each process, CO 2 emissions are classified into technical emission and combustion emission. As for EAF process, electricity structure should be considered to
analyze the indirect carbon emissions.
(2) The carbon emission intensity of the case enterprise reaches 1876.82 kg/t steel,
and the carbon emissions from BF process account for 53.64%. Thus, to reduce
the carbon emissions, more attention should be taken to the BF process.
(3) The case analysis indicates that for the EAF process, the electricity emission
accounts for 76.33%. Power saving is the key to carbon emission reduction in the
EAF process. Furthermore, improving the efficiency of self-provided generation
and making full use of waste energy for power generation are very important
for carbon reduction in EAF process.
References
1. Hu JL, Chen CP, Chen YH (2016) Energy consumption and CO 2 emission in Taiwan’s iron-steel
industries. Energy Sour Part B-Econ Plann Policy 11(1):87–95
2. Dong HJ, Dai HC, Geng Y (2017) Exploring impact of carbon tax on China’s CO 2 reductions
and provincial disparities. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 77:596–603
3. Brunner (2017) Substance flow analysis. J Ind Ecol 16(3):293–295
4. Duan Y, Li N, Mu HL (2017) Research on CO 2 emission reduction mechanism of China’s iron
and steel industry under various emission reduction policies. Energies 10(12):2026
5. Xu B, Lin BQ (2016) Assessing CO 2 emissions in China’s iron and steel industry: a dynamic
vector autoregression model. Appl Energy 161:375–386
6. Zhang Q, Li Y, Xu J (2018) Carbon element flow analysis and CO 2 emission reduction in iron
and steel works. J Clean Prod 172:709–723
7. Xu RJ, Xu L, Xu B (2017) Assessing CO 2 emissions in China’s iron and steel industry: evidence
from quantile regression approach. J Clean Prod 152:259–270
8. Rhee CH, Kim JY, Han K (2011) Process analysis for ammonia-based CO 2 capture in
ironmaking industry. Energy Procedia 04:1486–1493
9. Liu ZG, Chu MS, Wang ZC (2009) Utilization and CO 2 treatment of by product gas in iron
and steel enterprises. In: Proceedings of the 7th (2009) China Iron and steel annual meeting,
pp 243–250
10. Yang ZB, Zhang YW, Zhang YY (2010) Thermodynamic analysis and experimental study on
hydrogen production from methane reforming of coke oven gas. J Phys Chem 26(02):350–358
11. China National Standardization Administration (2015) Greenhouse gas emission accounting
and reporting requirements part 5: steel production enterprises: GB/T 32151.5–2015, China
Standards Press, Beijing
12. Ma CM (2014) Study on greenhouse gas emission factors of provincial power grid. Resour Sci
36(05):1005–1012
13. Na HM (2017) MFA-based analysis of CO 2 emissions from typical industry in urban-As a case
of steel industry. Ecol Model 365:45–54