50
5 Empirical Research for Establishing the Potential of Renewable Hydrogen …
are defined on a yearly basis. Once a renewable energy project is accredited under
the scheme, it can produce and sell LGCs.
In Japan and Taiwan, the feed-in tariffs are still the main policy instrument
supporting the development of the renewable energy capacity. Taiwan implements
a price ceiling to cap the subsidies provided.
In South-Korea, the development of renewable energy capacity is supported
by a combined RPS and feed-in tariffs system.
The renewable hydrogen policy instruments
The review of the APAC markets renewable hydrogen policy frameworks has
shown contrasted results. Australia, Japan, and South-Korea have clearly recognized hydrogen as a singular element of the energy landscape for the decades to
come.
Australia has developed comprehensive roadmaps and strategies, at Federal
and State levels. Australia’s main objective is to become a global leader in the
exportation of hydrogen. The rationale is to build upon Australia’s existing commodities export routes to ship hydrogen abroad. However, the Australian National
Hydrogen Strategy does not take a stand on the renewable origin of the hydrogen. All hydrogen production routes are considered, including the heavily GHG
emitting coal gasification one. Nevertheless, Australia is the only country of the
APAC markets that identifies its renewable energy capacity as a source of hydrogen production. Australia’s targeted export countries are Japan, South-Korea, and
China. Australia National Hydrogen Strategy is echoed in most its States by specific hydrogen roadmaps and strategy documents. Queensland, Western Australia,
South-Australia, and Tasmania are the most ambitious states regarding hydrogen
production and export. South-Australia and Tasmania clearly envision producing
their hydrogen from renewable energy. This is different from Queensland and
Western Australia. In these two States, production from fossil fuels (coal and
natural gas), possibly with CCS, is the privileged scenario in the short and midterm. Western Australia has an immense renewable energy resource that could be
used for hydrogen production.
Japan and South-Korea have both established a hydrogen strategy supported
by a legal framework. Both countries have set hydrogen as a top priority item of
their future energy strategy. However, Japan and South-Korea are net importers
of energy. In this context, the focus of the hydrogen strategy is primarily the
development of downstream hydrogen-based applications, such as FCEVs, HRSs,
fuel cells and hydrogen fired power plants. In a world where hydrogen would
become a key energy vector, Japan, and South-Korea ambition to be world leaders
in the exportation of the hydrogen technologies. For both countries, the use of
hydrogen from renewable energy is considered but not before the 2030s horizon.
5 Empirical Research for Establishing the Potential of Renewable Hydrogen …
are defined on a yearly basis. Once a renewable energy project is accredited under
the scheme, it can produce and sell LGCs.
In Japan and Taiwan, the feed-in tariffs are still the main policy instrument
supporting the development of the renewable energy capacity. Taiwan implements
a price ceiling to cap the subsidies provided.
In South-Korea, the development of renewable energy capacity is supported
by a combined RPS and feed-in tariffs system.
The renewable hydrogen policy instruments
The review of the APAC markets renewable hydrogen policy frameworks has
shown contrasted results. Australia, Japan, and South-Korea have clearly recognized hydrogen as a singular element of the energy landscape for the decades to
come.
Australia has developed comprehensive roadmaps and strategies, at Federal
and State levels. Australia’s main objective is to become a global leader in the
exportation of hydrogen. The rationale is to build upon Australia’s existing commodities export routes to ship hydrogen abroad. However, the Australian National
Hydrogen Strategy does not take a stand on the renewable origin of the hydrogen. All hydrogen production routes are considered, including the heavily GHG
emitting coal gasification one. Nevertheless, Australia is the only country of the
APAC markets that identifies its renewable energy capacity as a source of hydrogen production. Australia’s targeted export countries are Japan, South-Korea, and
China. Australia National Hydrogen Strategy is echoed in most its States by specific hydrogen roadmaps and strategy documents. Queensland, Western Australia,
South-Australia, and Tasmania are the most ambitious states regarding hydrogen
production and export. South-Australia and Tasmania clearly envision producing
their hydrogen from renewable energy. This is different from Queensland and
Western Australia. In these two States, production from fossil fuels (coal and
natural gas), possibly with CCS, is the privileged scenario in the short and midterm. Western Australia has an immense renewable energy resource that could be
used for hydrogen production.
Japan and South-Korea have both established a hydrogen strategy supported
by a legal framework. Both countries have set hydrogen as a top priority item of
their future energy strategy. However, Japan and South-Korea are net importers
of energy. In this context, the focus of the hydrogen strategy is primarily the
development of downstream hydrogen-based applications, such as FCEVs, HRSs,
fuel cells and hydrogen fired power plants. In a world where hydrogen would
become a key energy vector, Japan, and South-Korea ambition to be world leaders
in the exportation of the hydrogen technologies. For both countries, the use of
hydrogen from renewable energy is considered but not before the 2030s horizon.