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173. Lee JM, Bermudez H, Discher BM et al (2001) Preparation, stability, and in vitro performance of vesicles made with diblock copolymers. Biotechnol Bioeng 73:135–145
174. Li W, Szoka FS Jr (2007) Lipid-based nanoparticles for nucleic acid delivery. Pharm Res
24:438–449
175. Fu GD, Li GL, Neoh KG et al (2011) Hollow polymeric nanostructures-synthesis, morphology and function. Prog Polym Sci 36:127–167
176. Hu Y, Chen Y, Chen Q et al (2005) Synthesis and stimuli-responsive properties of chitosan/
poly(acrylic acid) hollow nanospheres. Polymer 46:12703–12710
177. Wang W, Luo C, Shao S et al (2010) Chitosan hollow nanospheres fabricated from biodegradable poly-D,L-lactide-poly(ethylene glycol) nanoparticle template. Eur J Pharm Biopharm
76:376–383
178. Deng Z, Zhen Z, Hu X et al (2011) Hollow chitosan-silica nanospheres as pH-sensitive
targeted delivery carriers in breast cancer therapy. Biomaterials 32:4976–4986
179. Wu J, Sailor M (2009) Chitosan hydrogel-capped porous SiO 2 as a pH responsive nano-valve
for triggered release of insulin. Adv Funct Mater 19:733–741
180. Liu YL, Su YH, Lai JY (2004) In situ crosslinking of chitosan and formation of chitosansilica hybrid membranes with using gamma-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane as a
crosslinking agent. Polymer 45:6831–6837
181. Vinogradov SV et al (2002) Nanosized cationic hydrogels for drug delivery: preparation,
properties and interactions with cells. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 54:135–147
182. Oh JK, Lee DI, Park JM (2009) Biopolymer-based microgels/nanogels for drug delivery
applications. Prog Polym Sci 34:1261–1282
183. Oh JK (2010) Engineering of nanometer-sized cross-linked hydrogels for biomedical
applications. Can J Chem 88:173–184
184. Zhou X, Liu B, Yu X et al (2007) Controlled release of PEI/DNA complexes from mannosebearing chitosan microspheres as a potent delivery system to enhance immune response to
HBV DNA vaccine. J Control Release 121:200–207
185. Ko JA, Park HJ, Hwang SJ et al (2002) Preparation and characterization of chitosan
microparticles intended for controlled release of drug delivery. Int J Pharm 249:165–174
186. Shu XZ, Zhu KJ (2000) A novel approach to prepare tripolyphosphate/chitosan complex
beads for controlled release drug delivery. Int J Pharm 201:51–58
187. Xu Y, Du Y (2003) Effect of molecular structure of chitosan on protein delivery properties of
chitosan nanoparticles. Int J Pharm 250:215–226
188. Mincheva R, Bougard F, Paneva D et al (2009) Polyelectrolyte complex nanoparticles from
N-carboxymethylchitosan and polycationic double hydrophilic diblock copolymers. J Polym
Sci Part A Polym Chem 47:2105–2117
189. Boddohi S, Moore N, Johnson PA et al (2009) Polysaccharide-based polyelectrolyte complex
nanoparticles from chitosan, heparin, and hyaluronan. Biomacromolecules 10:1402–1409
190. Bodnar M, Hartmann JF, Borbely J (2006) Synthesis and study of cross-linked chitosan-Npoly(ethylene glycol) nanoparticles. Biomacromolecules 7:3030–3036
191. Shen X, Zhang L, Jiang X et al (2007) Reversible surface switching of nanogel triggered by
external stimuli. Angew Chem Int Ed 46:7104–7107
192. Maggi F, Ciccarelli S, Diociaiuti M et al (2011) Chitosan nanogels by template chemical
cross-linking in polyion complex micelle nanoreactors. Biomacromolecules 12:3499–3507
193. Voets IK, Keizer DA, Cohen Stuart MA (2009) Complex coacervate core micelles. Adv
Colloid Interface Sci 147–148:300–318
194. Lee Y, Kataoka K (2009) Biosignal-sensitive polyion complex micelles for the delivery of
biopharmaceuticals. Soft Matter 5:3810–3817
195. Cohen Stuart MA, Hofs B, Voets IK et al (2005) Assembly of polyelectrolyte-containing
block copolymers in aqueous media. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 10:30–36
Engineering of Polysaccharides via Nanotechnology
131