108. Kang I, Yun H-J, Chung DS, Kwon S-K, Kim Y-H (2013) Record high hole mobility in
polymer semiconductors via side-chain engineering. J Am Chem Soc 135:14896–14899
109. Ong BS, Wu Y, Li Y, Liu P, Pan H (2008) Thiophene polymer semiconductors for organic
thin-film transistors. Chemistry 14:4766–4778
110. McCulloch I, Heeney M, Chabinyc ML, DeLongchamp D, Kline RJ, Co ¨lle M, Duffy W,
Fischer D, Gundlach D, Hamadani B et al (2009) Semiconducting thienothiophene copolymers: design, synthesis, morphology, and performance in thin-film organic transistors. Adv
Mater 21:1091–1109
111. Nielsen CB, McCulloch I (2013) Recent advances in transistor performance of
polythiophenes. Prog Polym Sci 38:2053–2069
112. McCulloch I, Holliday S, Donaghey J (2014) Advances in charge carrier mobilities of
semiconducting polymers used in organic transistors. Chem Mater 26:647-663
113. McCulloch I, Heeney M, Bailey C, Genevicius K, MacDonald I, Shkunov M, Sparrowe D,
Tierney S, Wagner R, Zhang W et al (2006) Liquid-crystalline semiconducting polymers with
high charge-carrier mobility. Nat Mater 5:328–333
114. Kim J, Lim B, Baeg K-J, Noh Y-Y, Khim D, Jeong H-G, Yun J-M, Kim D-Y (2011) Highly
soluble poly(thienylenevinylene) derivatives with charge-carrier mobility exceeding
1 cm
2 v
À1 s
À1
. Chem Mat 23:4663–4665
115. Rieger R, Beckmann D, Pisula W, Steffen W, Kastler M, Mu ¨llen K (2010) Rational
optimization of benzo[2,1-B;3,4-B
0 ]dithiophene-containing polymers for organic field-effect
transistors. Adv Mater 22:83–86
116. Pan H, Li Y, Wu Y, Liu P, Ong BS, Zhu S, Xu G (2007) Low-temperature, solutionprocessed, high-mobility polymer semiconductors for thin-film transistors. J Am Chem Soc
129:4112–4113
117. Pan H, Wu Y, Li Y, Liu P, Ong BS, Zhu S, Xu G (2007) Benzodithiophene copolymer – a
low-temperature, solution-processed high-performance semiconductor for thin-film transistors. Adv Funct Mater 17:3574–3579
118. Horie M, Majewski LA, Fearn MJ, Yu C-Y, Luo Y, Song A, Saunders BR, Turner ML (2010)
Cyclopentadithiophene based polymers-a comparison of optical, electrochemical and organic
field-effect transistor characteristics. J Mater Chem 20:4347–4355
119. Zhang M, Tsao HN, Pisula W, Yang C, Mishra AK, Mu ¨llen K (2007) Field-effect transistors
based on a benzothiadiazole–cyclopentadithiophene copolymer. J Am Chem Soc 129:3472–
3473
120. Tsao HN, Cho D, Andreasen JW, Rouhanipour A, Breiby DW, Pisula W, Mu ¨llen K (2009)
The influence of morphology on high-performance polymer field-effect transistors. Adv
Mater 21:209–212
121. Tsao HN, Cho DM, Park I, Hansen MR, Mavrinskiy A, Yoon DY, Graf R, Pisula W, Spiess
HW, Mu ¨llen K (2011) Ultrahigh mobility in polymer field-effect transistors by design. J Am
Chem Soc 133:2605–2612
122. Fan J, Yuen JD, Cui W, Seifter J, Mohebbi AR, Wang M, Zhou H, Heeger A, Wudl F (2012)
High-hole-mobility
field-effect
transistors
based
on
Co-benzobisthiadiazolequaterthiophene. Adv Mater 24:6164–6168
123. Zhang X, Richter LJ, DeLongchamp DM, Kline RJ, Hammond MR, McCulloch I, Heeney M,
Ashraf RS, Smith JN, Anthopoulos TD et al (2011) Molecular packing of high-mobility
diketo pyrrolo-pyrrole polymer semiconductors with branched alkyl side chains. J Am Chem
Soc 133:15073–15084
P3HT and Other Polythiophene Field-Effect Transistors
137
polymer semiconductors via side-chain engineering. J Am Chem Soc 135:14896–14899
109. Ong BS, Wu Y, Li Y, Liu P, Pan H (2008) Thiophene polymer semiconductors for organic
thin-film transistors. Chemistry 14:4766–4778
110. McCulloch I, Heeney M, Chabinyc ML, DeLongchamp D, Kline RJ, Co ¨lle M, Duffy W,
Fischer D, Gundlach D, Hamadani B et al (2009) Semiconducting thienothiophene copolymers: design, synthesis, morphology, and performance in thin-film organic transistors. Adv
Mater 21:1091–1109
111. Nielsen CB, McCulloch I (2013) Recent advances in transistor performance of
polythiophenes. Prog Polym Sci 38:2053–2069
112. McCulloch I, Holliday S, Donaghey J (2014) Advances in charge carrier mobilities of
semiconducting polymers used in organic transistors. Chem Mater 26:647-663
113. McCulloch I, Heeney M, Bailey C, Genevicius K, MacDonald I, Shkunov M, Sparrowe D,
Tierney S, Wagner R, Zhang W et al (2006) Liquid-crystalline semiconducting polymers with
high charge-carrier mobility. Nat Mater 5:328–333
114. Kim J, Lim B, Baeg K-J, Noh Y-Y, Khim D, Jeong H-G, Yun J-M, Kim D-Y (2011) Highly
soluble poly(thienylenevinylene) derivatives with charge-carrier mobility exceeding
1 cm
2 v
À1 s
À1
. Chem Mat 23:4663–4665
115. Rieger R, Beckmann D, Pisula W, Steffen W, Kastler M, Mu ¨llen K (2010) Rational
optimization of benzo[2,1-B;3,4-B
0 ]dithiophene-containing polymers for organic field-effect
transistors. Adv Mater 22:83–86
116. Pan H, Li Y, Wu Y, Liu P, Ong BS, Zhu S, Xu G (2007) Low-temperature, solutionprocessed, high-mobility polymer semiconductors for thin-film transistors. J Am Chem Soc
129:4112–4113
117. Pan H, Wu Y, Li Y, Liu P, Ong BS, Zhu S, Xu G (2007) Benzodithiophene copolymer – a
low-temperature, solution-processed high-performance semiconductor for thin-film transistors. Adv Funct Mater 17:3574–3579
118. Horie M, Majewski LA, Fearn MJ, Yu C-Y, Luo Y, Song A, Saunders BR, Turner ML (2010)
Cyclopentadithiophene based polymers-a comparison of optical, electrochemical and organic
field-effect transistor characteristics. J Mater Chem 20:4347–4355
119. Zhang M, Tsao HN, Pisula W, Yang C, Mishra AK, Mu ¨llen K (2007) Field-effect transistors
based on a benzothiadiazole–cyclopentadithiophene copolymer. J Am Chem Soc 129:3472–
3473
120. Tsao HN, Cho D, Andreasen JW, Rouhanipour A, Breiby DW, Pisula W, Mu ¨llen K (2009)
The influence of morphology on high-performance polymer field-effect transistors. Adv
Mater 21:209–212
121. Tsao HN, Cho DM, Park I, Hansen MR, Mavrinskiy A, Yoon DY, Graf R, Pisula W, Spiess
HW, Mu ¨llen K (2011) Ultrahigh mobility in polymer field-effect transistors by design. J Am
Chem Soc 133:2605–2612
122. Fan J, Yuen JD, Cui W, Seifter J, Mohebbi AR, Wang M, Zhou H, Heeger A, Wudl F (2012)
High-hole-mobility
field-effect
transistors
based
on
Co-benzobisthiadiazolequaterthiophene. Adv Mater 24:6164–6168
123. Zhang X, Richter LJ, DeLongchamp DM, Kline RJ, Hammond MR, McCulloch I, Heeney M,
Ashraf RS, Smith JN, Anthopoulos TD et al (2011) Molecular packing of high-mobility
diketo pyrrolo-pyrrole polymer semiconductors with branched alkyl side chains. J Am Chem
Soc 133:15073–15084
P3HT and Other Polythiophene Field-Effect Transistors
137