Resorcinol-formaldehyde gels, 235
Reversible addition fragmentation chain
transfer (RAFT) reactions, 109
Rhamnolipid biosurfactant production, 218
Rubber cryogels
as reusable oil sorbents, 147–152
continuous extraction capacities, for
various pollutants, 151, 152
Hildebrand theory, 147–148
normalized weight swelling ratio,
148–150
SEM images of, 148, 149
sorption capacities, for various
pollutants, 150, 151
sorption–squeezing cycles, 150–151
sulfur monochloride crosslinker, 110, 148
S
Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells, 216
Scanning electron microscope (SEM)
bioreactors, mammalian cells, 253, 255
cells entrapment, 251
HEC cryogel, 204, 207
PNIPAAm cryogel, 213
Self-gelling polymer solutions, 5, 23. See also
Noncovalent (physical) cryogels
Self-oscillating hydrogel systems, 143. See
also Poly(acrylic acid) (PAAc)
cryogels
Silk fibroin
Bombyx mori, 140
cryogels (see also Fibroin cryogels)
amide I band region, of ATR-FTIR
spectra, 141, 142
EGDE crosslinkers, 110
Silver iodide crystals, 57
Small angle neutron scattering (SANS), PVA
gel
Avrami plot, 191
PVA/D 2 O solutions, 189–190
reduced scattering invariant, 189–191
Sol-gel transitions
physical gels, 164
poly(vinyl alcohol)
metastable state, 166–167
Ostwald stage rule, 166
percolation framework, 165–166
Sorption–squeezing cycles, of cryogel samples,
117
Squeezability, of cryogels, 117
Stimuli-responsive cryogels, 86
Storage modulus
of HPMC cryogel, 206
of polyacrylamide cryogels, 209, 211
Structure–kinetic model, 59
Sulfur monochloride crosslinker, 110
Supercooling effect, 55
Supermacroporous polymer cryogels
applications
burst effect, 218
hydrophilic PHEMA, 219
PHEMA core and PEO outer layer,
218–219
photocrosslinked HEC cryogel, 216
photocrosslinked PEO cryogel,
216–217
PNIPAAm cryogel and hydrogel,
218–219
rhamnolipid biosurfactant production,
218
temperature-responsive PETEGA,
219–220
nanocomposite fabrication, 215–217
temperature-responsive polymer
deswelling–reswelling kinetics,
213–214
hydration/dehydration behavior,
211–212
PNIPAAm cryogel morphology, 213
swelling vs. temperature curves,
polyglycidol, 214, 215
from water-soluble high molar mass
polymer
degree of swelling, 207, 208
gel fraction yield, 204–206
HEC cryogel, 203–204
HEC-to-chitosan weight ratio, 207
nonionic and cationic cellulose, 203,
204
photochemical crosslinking, 201–202
SEM micrograph, 205, 207
storage (G
0 ) and loss (G
00 ) moduli,
202–203
temperature-responsive material,
207–208
from water-soluble vinyl monomers
cryogels formation, 209–210, 212
liquid diffusion, 211, 212
polymer network formation, 209, 210
storage modulus, 209, 211
synthesis, 209, 210
T
Tanaka’s gels, 163
Temperature-responsive polymer, UV
irradiation
deswelling–reswelling kinetics, 213–214
inteligent hydrogels, 211
Index
329
Reversible addition fragmentation chain
transfer (RAFT) reactions, 109
Rhamnolipid biosurfactant production, 218
Rubber cryogels
as reusable oil sorbents, 147–152
continuous extraction capacities, for
various pollutants, 151, 152
Hildebrand theory, 147–148
normalized weight swelling ratio,
148–150
SEM images of, 148, 149
sorption capacities, for various
pollutants, 150, 151
sorption–squeezing cycles, 150–151
sulfur monochloride crosslinker, 110, 148
S
Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells, 216
Scanning electron microscope (SEM)
bioreactors, mammalian cells, 253, 255
cells entrapment, 251
HEC cryogel, 204, 207
PNIPAAm cryogel, 213
Self-gelling polymer solutions, 5, 23. See also
Noncovalent (physical) cryogels
Self-oscillating hydrogel systems, 143. See
also Poly(acrylic acid) (PAAc)
cryogels
Silk fibroin
Bombyx mori, 140
cryogels (see also Fibroin cryogels)
amide I band region, of ATR-FTIR
spectra, 141, 142
EGDE crosslinkers, 110
Silver iodide crystals, 57
Small angle neutron scattering (SANS), PVA
gel
Avrami plot, 191
PVA/D 2 O solutions, 189–190
reduced scattering invariant, 189–191
Sol-gel transitions
physical gels, 164
poly(vinyl alcohol)
metastable state, 166–167
Ostwald stage rule, 166
percolation framework, 165–166
Sorption–squeezing cycles, of cryogel samples,
117
Squeezability, of cryogels, 117
Stimuli-responsive cryogels, 86
Storage modulus
of HPMC cryogel, 206
of polyacrylamide cryogels, 209, 211
Structure–kinetic model, 59
Sulfur monochloride crosslinker, 110
Supercooling effect, 55
Supermacroporous polymer cryogels
applications
burst effect, 218
hydrophilic PHEMA, 219
PHEMA core and PEO outer layer,
218–219
photocrosslinked HEC cryogel, 216
photocrosslinked PEO cryogel,
216–217
PNIPAAm cryogel and hydrogel,
218–219
rhamnolipid biosurfactant production,
218
temperature-responsive PETEGA,
219–220
nanocomposite fabrication, 215–217
temperature-responsive polymer
deswelling–reswelling kinetics,
213–214
hydration/dehydration behavior,
211–212
PNIPAAm cryogel morphology, 213
swelling vs. temperature curves,
polyglycidol, 214, 215
from water-soluble high molar mass
polymer
degree of swelling, 207, 208
gel fraction yield, 204–206
HEC cryogel, 203–204
HEC-to-chitosan weight ratio, 207
nonionic and cationic cellulose, 203,
204
photochemical crosslinking, 201–202
SEM micrograph, 205, 207
storage (G
0 ) and loss (G
00 ) moduli,
202–203
temperature-responsive material,
207–208
from water-soluble vinyl monomers
cryogels formation, 209–210, 212
liquid diffusion, 211, 212
polymer network formation, 209, 210
storage modulus, 209, 211
synthesis, 209, 210
T
Tanaka’s gels, 163
Temperature-responsive polymer, UV
irradiation
deswelling–reswelling kinetics, 213–214
inteligent hydrogels, 211
Index
329