242
A. Rai et al.
(20–100 mg/L) in a judicial manner. Time variation study of cyanide removal was
carried out then. FTIR study was performed for biomass characterization.
Keywords Cyanide · Bioremediation · Lethal dose · Bacillus sp.
1 Introduction
Cyanide has been found as one of the most toxic chemicals for aquatic and terrestrial
ecosystem (Razanamahandry et al. 2016, 2019). Anthropogenic sources of cyanide
include the emission from industries like mining, metallurgical, steel, leather, paper,
etc. (Sharma et al. 2019). Cyanide is one of the most hazardous chemicals which can
deteriorate the environment day by day. The cyanide laden industrial effluents should
be treated properly before being discharged to the environment. Though there are
several methods for treatment of cyanide, the selection of suitable one depends on
different factors such as its contamination level, cost of the method, environmental
effect of the methods, etc. Among physical, chemical, and biological methods, the last
one is found to be fascinating owing to its capability of removal in ppm level, low cost,
and environment-friendly nature. Bacterial treatment of cyanide loaded wastewater is
one of the most attractive techniques over the other remediation methods (Tiong et al.
2015). As per literature, microbes use cyanide as the nutrient source for their growth
(Luque-Almagro et al. 2016). In the present work, one bacterial strain, collected and
isolated from contaminated site and identified as Bacillus sp. NITD 19, was found
effective in removal of cyanide from synthetic solution.
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Collection, Isolation, Identification, and Growth
of Bacterial Sample
Bacterial sample was collected from outfall of nearby coke-oven plant. Molecular
identification was done by 16S rRNA gene sequencing (Eurofins Genomics India Pvt.
Ltd., Bengaluru, India). Test strain was cultured with cyanide containing minimal
medium [K 2 HPO 4 .2H 2 O (1.0 g/L), MgSO 4 .7H 2 O (0.2 g/L), CaCl 2 .2H 2 O (0.01 g/L),
NaCl (0.01 g/L), MnSO 4 .4H 2 O (0.2 g/L), CuSO 4 .5H 2 O (0.2 g/L) and ZnSO 4 .7H 2 O
(0.2 g/L), and glucose (0.2 g/L)]. The growth of isolated strain was studied in terms
of its cell biomass content.
A. Rai et al.
(20–100 mg/L) in a judicial manner. Time variation study of cyanide removal was
carried out then. FTIR study was performed for biomass characterization.
Keywords Cyanide · Bioremediation · Lethal dose · Bacillus sp.
1 Introduction
Cyanide has been found as one of the most toxic chemicals for aquatic and terrestrial
ecosystem (Razanamahandry et al. 2016, 2019). Anthropogenic sources of cyanide
include the emission from industries like mining, metallurgical, steel, leather, paper,
etc. (Sharma et al. 2019). Cyanide is one of the most hazardous chemicals which can
deteriorate the environment day by day. The cyanide laden industrial effluents should
be treated properly before being discharged to the environment. Though there are
several methods for treatment of cyanide, the selection of suitable one depends on
different factors such as its contamination level, cost of the method, environmental
effect of the methods, etc. Among physical, chemical, and biological methods, the last
one is found to be fascinating owing to its capability of removal in ppm level, low cost,
and environment-friendly nature. Bacterial treatment of cyanide loaded wastewater is
one of the most attractive techniques over the other remediation methods (Tiong et al.
2015). As per literature, microbes use cyanide as the nutrient source for their growth
(Luque-Almagro et al. 2016). In the present work, one bacterial strain, collected and
isolated from contaminated site and identified as Bacillus sp. NITD 19, was found
effective in removal of cyanide from synthetic solution.
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Collection, Isolation, Identification, and Growth
of Bacterial Sample
Bacterial sample was collected from outfall of nearby coke-oven plant. Molecular
identification was done by 16S rRNA gene sequencing (Eurofins Genomics India Pvt.
Ltd., Bengaluru, India). Test strain was cultured with cyanide containing minimal
medium [K 2 HPO 4 .2H 2 O (1.0 g/L), MgSO 4 .7H 2 O (0.2 g/L), CaCl 2 .2H 2 O (0.01 g/L),
NaCl (0.01 g/L), MnSO 4 .4H 2 O (0.2 g/L), CuSO 4 .5H 2 O (0.2 g/L) and ZnSO 4 .7H 2 O
(0.2 g/L), and glucose (0.2 g/L)]. The growth of isolated strain was studied in terms
of its cell biomass content.