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Des 22 (21):3135–3163
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widespread theme? FEMS Microbiol Rev 36 (4):862–876
Shen AK, Cooke MT (2019) Infectious disease vaccines. Nat Rev Drug Disc 18:169–170
Silver LL (2011) Challenges of antibacterial discovery. Clin Microbiol Rev 24 (1):71–109
Silver LL (2012) Polypharmacology as an emerging trend in antibacterial discovery. In: Peters J-U
(ed) Polypharmacology in Drug Discovery. 1st edn. John Wiley & Sons. Inc., Hoboken, New
Jersey, pp 167–202
Silver LL (2016) A Gestalt approach to Gram-negative entry. Bioorg Med Chem 24 (24):6379–6389
Singh SB, Young K, Silver LL (2017) What is an “ideal” antibiotic? Discovery challenges and path
forward. Biochem Pharmacol 133:63–73
Smolkin B, Khononov A, Pie´ nko T et al. (2019) Towards catalytic antibiotics: redesign of
aminoglycosides to catalytically disable bacterial ribosomes. Chembiochem 20 (2):247–259
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Stokes JM, Gutierrez A, Lopatkin AJ et al. (2019) A multiplexable assay for screening antibiotic
lethality against drug-tolerant bacteria. Nat Methods 16 (4):303–306
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Dis 18 (3):318–327
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of action of auranofin against multi-drug resistant bacterial pathogens. Sci Rep 6:22571
Thayer AM (2016) Antibiotics: Will the bugs always win? Chem Eng News 94 (35):36–43
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pewtrusts.org/en/research-and-analysis/reports/2016/05/a-scientific-roadmap-for-antibiotic-dis
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Theuretzbacher U, Bush K, Harbarth S et al. (2020a) Critical analysis of antibacterial agents in
clinical development. Nat Rev Microbiol 18 (5):286–298
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Viana JdO, Ishiki HM, Scotti MT et al. (2018) Multi-target antitubercular drugs. Curr Top Med
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mBio 9(2):e01905–17
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19
Scotti L, Filho FJ, de Moura RO et al. (2016) Multi-target drugs for neglected diseases. Curr Pharm
Des 22 (21):3135–3163
Seipke RF, Kaltenpoth M, Hutchings MI (2012) Streptomyces as symbionts: an emerging and
widespread theme? FEMS Microbiol Rev 36 (4):862–876
Shen AK, Cooke MT (2019) Infectious disease vaccines. Nat Rev Drug Disc 18:169–170
Silver LL (2011) Challenges of antibacterial discovery. Clin Microbiol Rev 24 (1):71–109
Silver LL (2012) Polypharmacology as an emerging trend in antibacterial discovery. In: Peters J-U
(ed) Polypharmacology in Drug Discovery. 1st edn. John Wiley & Sons. Inc., Hoboken, New
Jersey, pp 167–202
Silver LL (2016) A Gestalt approach to Gram-negative entry. Bioorg Med Chem 24 (24):6379–6389
Singh SB, Young K, Silver LL (2017) What is an “ideal” antibiotic? Discovery challenges and path
forward. Biochem Pharmacol 133:63–73
Smolkin B, Khononov A, Pie´ nko T et al. (2019) Towards catalytic antibiotics: redesign of
aminoglycosides to catalytically disable bacterial ribosomes. Chembiochem 20 (2):247–259
Stinson SC (1996) Drug firms restock antibacterial aesenal. Chem Eng News 74:75–100
Stokes JM, Gutierrez A, Lopatkin AJ et al. (2019) A multiplexable assay for screening antibiotic
lethality against drug-tolerant bacteria. Nat Methods 16 (4):303–306
Stokes JM, Yang K, Swanson K et al. (2020) A deep learning approach to antibiotic discovery. Cell
180 (4):688–702.e613
Szili P, Draskovits G, Révész T et al. (2019) Rapid evolution of reduced susceptibility against
a balanced dual-targeting antibiotic through stepping-stone mutations. Antimicrob Agents
Chemother 63 (9):e00207–00219
Tacconelli E, Carrara E, Savoldi A et al. (2018) Discovery, research, and development of new
antibiotics: the WHO priority list of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and tuberculosis. Lancet Infect
Dis 18 (3):318–327
Tanouchi Y, Lee AJ, Meredith H et al. (2013) Programmed cell death in bacteria and implications
for antibiotic therapy. Trends Microbiol 21 (6):265–270
Thangamani S, Mohammad H, Abushahba MF et al. (2016) Antibacterial activity and mechanism
of action of auranofin against multi-drug resistant bacterial pathogens. Sci Rep 6:22571
Thayer AM (2016) Antibiotics: Will the bugs always win? Chem Eng News 94 (35):36–43
The Pew Charitable Trusts (2016) A scientific roadmap for antibiotic discovery. https://www.
pewtrusts.org/en/research-and-analysis/reports/2016/05/a-scientific-roadmap-for-antibiotic-dis
covery. Accessed 24 Jun 2016
The Pew Charitable Trusts (2020) Antibiotics currently in global clinical development. https://www.pewtrusts.org/en/research-and-analysis/data-visualizations/2014/antibioticscurrently-in-clinical-development. Accessed 27 Nov 2020
The Review on Antimicrobial Resistance (2016) O’Neill J (2016) Tackling drug-resistant infections
globally: Final report and recommendations. (Chair: O’Neill, J) May 2016: 1–84
Theuretzbacher U, Gottwalt S, Beyer P et al. (2019) Analysis of the clinical antibacterial and
antituberculosis pipeline. Lancet Infect Dis 19: e40–50
Theuretzbacher U, Bush K, Harbarth S et al. (2020a) Critical analysis of antibacterial agents in
clinical development. Nat Rev Microbiol 18 (5):286–298
Theuretzbacher U, Outterson K, Engel A et al. (2020b) The global preclinical antibacterial pipeline.
Nat Rev Microbiol 18 (5):275–285
Viana JdO, Ishiki HM, Scotti MT et al. (2018) Multi-target antitubercular drugs. Curr Top Med
Chem 18:750–758
Vincent LR, Kerr SR, Tan Y et al. (2018) In vivo-selected compensatory mutations restore the
fitness cost of mosaic penA alleles that confer ceftriaxone resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
mBio 9(2):e01905–17
Walsh F (ed) (2015) The multiple roles of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance in nature.
FrontiersMedia, SA