20
Acad Sci U S A 96:11241–11246.
doi:10.1073/pnas.96.20.11241
24. Nagai T, Sawano A, Park ES, Miyawaki A
(2001) Circularly permuted green fluorescent
proteins engineered to sense Ca2+. Proc Natl
Acad Sci U S A 98:3197–3202. doi:10.1073/
pnas.051636098
25. Guntas G, Ostermeier M (2004) Creation of
an allosteric enzyme by domain insertion.
J Mol Biol 336:263–273. doi:10.1016/j.
jmb.2003.12.016
26. Meister GE, Joshi NS (2013) An engineered
calmodulin-based allosteric switch for peptide
biosensing. Chembiochem 14:1460–1467.
doi:10.1002/cbic.201300168
27. Iwai H, Kojima-Misaizu M, Dong J, Ueda H
(2016) Creation of a ligand-dependent
enzyme by fusing circularly permuted antibody variable region domains. Bioconjug
Chem 27(4):868–873. doi:10.1021/acs.
bioconjchem.6b00040
28. Karginov AV, Ding F, Kota P et al (2010)
Engineered allosteric activation of kinases in
living cells. Nat Biotechnol 28:743–747.
doi:10.1038/nbt.1639
29. Dagliyan O, Shirvanyants D, Karginov AV
et al (2013) Rational design of a ligandcontrolled protein conformational switch.
Proc Natl Acad Sci 110:6800–6804.
doi:10.1073/pnas.1218319110
30. Chu P-H, Tsygankov D, Berginski ME et al
(2014) Engineered kinase activation reveals
unique morphodynamic phenotypes and
associated trafficking for Src family isoforms.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 111:12420–12425.
doi:10.1073/pnas.1404487111
31. Ribeiro LF, Nicholes N, Tullman J et al
(2015) Insertion of a xylanase in xylose
binding protein results in a xylose-stimulated
xylanase. Biotechnol Biofuels 8:1–15.
doi:10.1186/s13068-015-0293-0
32. Guo Z, Johnston WA, Stein V et al (2016)
Engineering PQQ-glucose dehydrogenase
into an allosteric electrochemical Ca 2+ sensor.
Chem
Commun
52:485–488.
doi:10.1039/C5CC07824E
33. Stratton MM, Mitrea DM, Loh SN (2008) A
Ca2+−sensing molecular switch based on
alternate frame protein folding. ACS Chem
Biol 3:723–732. doi:10.1021/cb800177f
34. Stratton MM, Loh SN (2011) Converting a
protein into a switch for biosensing and functional regulation. Protein Sci 20:19–29.
doi:10.1002/pro.541
35. Mitrea DM, Parsons LS, Loh SN (2010)
Engineering an artificial zymogen by alternate frame protein folding. Proc Natl Acad
Sci U S A 107:2824–2829. doi:10.1073/
pnas.0907668107
36. Paulmurugan R, Umezawa Y, Gambhir SS
(2002) Noninvasive imaging of protein- protein
interactions in living subjects by using reporter
protein complementation and reconstitution
strategies. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99:15608–
15613. doi:10.1073/pnas.242594299
37. Dixon AS, Schwinn MK, Hall MP et al (2016)
NanoLuc complementation reporter optimized for accurate measurement of protein
interactions in cells. ACS Chem Biol 11:400–
408. doi:10.1021/acschembio.5b00753
38. Stefan E, Aquin S, Berger N et al (2007)
Quantification of dynamic protein complexes
using Renilla luciferase fragment complementation applied to protein kinase A activities
in vivo. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104:16916–
16921. doi:10.1073/pnas.0704257104
39. Remy I, Michnick SW (2006) A highly sensitive protein-protein interaction assay based
on Gaussia luciferase. Nat Methods 3:977–
979. doi:10.1038/nmeth979
40. Gray DC, Mahrus S, Wells JA (2010)
Activation of specific apoptotic caspases with
an engineered small-molecule-activated protease. Cell 142:637–646. doi:10.1016/j.
cell.2010.07.014
41. Wehr MC, Reinecke L, Botvinnik A, Rossner MJ
(2008) Analysis of transient phosphorylationdependent protein-protein interactions in living
mammalian cells using split-TEV. BMC
Biotechnol 8:55. doi:10.1186/1472-6750-8-55
42. Wehr MC, Holder MV, Gailite I et al (2013)
Salt-inducible kinases regulate growth
through the Hippo signalling pathway in
Drosophila. Nat Cell Biol 15:61–71.
doi:10.1038/ncb2658
43. Wehr MC, Laage R, Bolz U et al (2006)
Monitoring regulated protein-protein interactions using split TEV. Nat Methods 3:985–
993. doi:10.1038/nmeth967
44. Camacho-Soto K, Castillo-Montoya J, Tye B,
Ghosh I (2014) Ligand-gated split-kinases.
J
Am
Chem
Soc
136:3995–4002.
doi:10.1021/ja4130803
45. Camacho-Soto K, Castillo-Montoya J, Tye B
et al (2014) Small molecule gated splittyrosine phosphatases and orthogonal splittyrosine kinases. J Am Chem Soc
136:17078–17086. doi:10.1021/ja5080745
46. Guo Z, Murphy L, Stein V, Johnston WA,
Alcala-Perez S, Alexandrov K (2016)
Engineered PQQ-glucose dehydrogenase
as a universal biosensor platform. J Am Chem
Soc 138(32):10108–10111. doi:10.1021/
jacs.6b06342
47. Möglich A, Ayers RA, Moffat K (2009) Design
and signaling mechanism of light- regulated
histidine kinases. J Mol Biol 385:1433–1444.
doi:10.1016/j.jmb.2008.12.017
Viktor Stein
Acad Sci U S A 96:11241–11246.
doi:10.1073/pnas.96.20.11241
24. Nagai T, Sawano A, Park ES, Miyawaki A
(2001) Circularly permuted green fluorescent
proteins engineered to sense Ca2+. Proc Natl
Acad Sci U S A 98:3197–3202. doi:10.1073/
pnas.051636098
25. Guntas G, Ostermeier M (2004) Creation of
an allosteric enzyme by domain insertion.
J Mol Biol 336:263–273. doi:10.1016/j.
jmb.2003.12.016
26. Meister GE, Joshi NS (2013) An engineered
calmodulin-based allosteric switch for peptide
biosensing. Chembiochem 14:1460–1467.
doi:10.1002/cbic.201300168
27. Iwai H, Kojima-Misaizu M, Dong J, Ueda H
(2016) Creation of a ligand-dependent
enzyme by fusing circularly permuted antibody variable region domains. Bioconjug
Chem 27(4):868–873. doi:10.1021/acs.
bioconjchem.6b00040
28. Karginov AV, Ding F, Kota P et al (2010)
Engineered allosteric activation of kinases in
living cells. Nat Biotechnol 28:743–747.
doi:10.1038/nbt.1639
29. Dagliyan O, Shirvanyants D, Karginov AV
et al (2013) Rational design of a ligandcontrolled protein conformational switch.
Proc Natl Acad Sci 110:6800–6804.
doi:10.1073/pnas.1218319110
30. Chu P-H, Tsygankov D, Berginski ME et al
(2014) Engineered kinase activation reveals
unique morphodynamic phenotypes and
associated trafficking for Src family isoforms.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 111:12420–12425.
doi:10.1073/pnas.1404487111
31. Ribeiro LF, Nicholes N, Tullman J et al
(2015) Insertion of a xylanase in xylose
binding protein results in a xylose-stimulated
xylanase. Biotechnol Biofuels 8:1–15.
doi:10.1186/s13068-015-0293-0
32. Guo Z, Johnston WA, Stein V et al (2016)
Engineering PQQ-glucose dehydrogenase
into an allosteric electrochemical Ca 2+ sensor.
Chem
Commun
52:485–488.
doi:10.1039/C5CC07824E
33. Stratton MM, Mitrea DM, Loh SN (2008) A
Ca2+−sensing molecular switch based on
alternate frame protein folding. ACS Chem
Biol 3:723–732. doi:10.1021/cb800177f
34. Stratton MM, Loh SN (2011) Converting a
protein into a switch for biosensing and functional regulation. Protein Sci 20:19–29.
doi:10.1002/pro.541
35. Mitrea DM, Parsons LS, Loh SN (2010)
Engineering an artificial zymogen by alternate frame protein folding. Proc Natl Acad
Sci U S A 107:2824–2829. doi:10.1073/
pnas.0907668107
36. Paulmurugan R, Umezawa Y, Gambhir SS
(2002) Noninvasive imaging of protein- protein
interactions in living subjects by using reporter
protein complementation and reconstitution
strategies. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99:15608–
15613. doi:10.1073/pnas.242594299
37. Dixon AS, Schwinn MK, Hall MP et al (2016)
NanoLuc complementation reporter optimized for accurate measurement of protein
interactions in cells. ACS Chem Biol 11:400–
408. doi:10.1021/acschembio.5b00753
38. Stefan E, Aquin S, Berger N et al (2007)
Quantification of dynamic protein complexes
using Renilla luciferase fragment complementation applied to protein kinase A activities
in vivo. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104:16916–
16921. doi:10.1073/pnas.0704257104
39. Remy I, Michnick SW (2006) A highly sensitive protein-protein interaction assay based
on Gaussia luciferase. Nat Methods 3:977–
979. doi:10.1038/nmeth979
40. Gray DC, Mahrus S, Wells JA (2010)
Activation of specific apoptotic caspases with
an engineered small-molecule-activated protease. Cell 142:637–646. doi:10.1016/j.
cell.2010.07.014
41. Wehr MC, Reinecke L, Botvinnik A, Rossner MJ
(2008) Analysis of transient phosphorylationdependent protein-protein interactions in living
mammalian cells using split-TEV. BMC
Biotechnol 8:55. doi:10.1186/1472-6750-8-55
42. Wehr MC, Holder MV, Gailite I et al (2013)
Salt-inducible kinases regulate growth
through the Hippo signalling pathway in
Drosophila. Nat Cell Biol 15:61–71.
doi:10.1038/ncb2658
43. Wehr MC, Laage R, Bolz U et al (2006)
Monitoring regulated protein-protein interactions using split TEV. Nat Methods 3:985–
993. doi:10.1038/nmeth967
44. Camacho-Soto K, Castillo-Montoya J, Tye B,
Ghosh I (2014) Ligand-gated split-kinases.
J
Am
Chem
Soc
136:3995–4002.
doi:10.1021/ja4130803
45. Camacho-Soto K, Castillo-Montoya J, Tye B
et al (2014) Small molecule gated splittyrosine phosphatases and orthogonal splittyrosine kinases. J Am Chem Soc
136:17078–17086. doi:10.1021/ja5080745
46. Guo Z, Murphy L, Stein V, Johnston WA,
Alcala-Perez S, Alexandrov K (2016)
Engineered PQQ-glucose dehydrogenase
as a universal biosensor platform. J Am Chem
Soc 138(32):10108–10111. doi:10.1021/
jacs.6b06342
47. Möglich A, Ayers RA, Moffat K (2009) Design
and signaling mechanism of light- regulated
histidine kinases. J Mol Biol 385:1433–1444.
doi:10.1016/j.jmb.2008.12.017
Viktor Stein