Bioactive Compounds from Medicinal Plants in Myanmar
149
antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, antioxidant, antiproliferative, antiviral,
immunomodulatory, and immunosuppressive activities have been reported from
plants in the Caesalpinia genus [56]. Several classes of phytoconstituents, such as
flavonoids, diterpenes, and steroids, have been reported from plants in this genus
[56]. Caesalpinia spp. are rich sources of cassane-type diterpenes, inclusive of those
without a C-5 hydroxy group substituent or furan ring, cassane-type furanoditerpenes,
and norcassane-type diterpenes. Antimalarial [57, 58], antiviral [59], and cytotoxic
activities of cassane-type furanoditerpenes, isolated from Indonesian C. crista, have
been reported [60].
The seed kernels of Caesalpinia crista from Myanmar were studied initially in
2004 [61–63]. As in the case of other members of the genus Caesalpinia, the seed
kernels of C. crista from Myanmar have proved to be a good source of cassanetype diterpenes. Investigation of the chemical constituents of the CH 2 Cl 2 extract
prepared from the seed kernels of C. crista in Myanmar revealed the occurrence of
O
OH
R
3
R
6
R
5
R
4
R
1
R
2
42 (caesalpinin MA) R
1 = R
2 = OAc, R
3 = R
4 = R
5 = H, R
6 = Me
43 (caesalpinin MB) R
1 = OAc, R
2 = R
3 = R
4 = R
6 = H, R
5 = COOMe
46 (caesalpinin MF) R
1 = R
2 = OAc, R
3 = R
4 = R
6 = H, R
5 = COOMe
47 (caesalpinin MG) R
1 = R
3 = R
4 = OAc, R
2 = R
6 = H, R
5 = COOMe
48 (caesalpinin MH) R
1 = R
3 = OAc, R
2 = R
6 = H, R
4 = OH, R
5 = COOH
49 (caesalpinin MI) R
1 = R
2 = R
3 = R
5 = H, R
4 = OH, R
6 = Me
O
OH
OAc
AcO
44 (caesalpinin MC)
O
OH
OAc
R
3
R
1
45 (caesalpinin MD) R
1 = R
3 = OAc, R
2 = H
55 (caesalpinin MP) R
1 = R
2 = R
3 = H
R
2
O
OAc
R
2
R
1
OAc
O
OAc
52 (caesalpinin MM) R
1 = Me, R
2 = OH
53 (caesalpinin MN) R
1 = OH, R
2 = Me
O
OH
OAc
OAc
O
54 (caesalpinin MO)
O
OH
R
1
R
2
50 (caesalpinin MJ) R
1 = H, R
2 = OAc
51 (caesalpinin MK) R
1 = OAc, R
2 = H
OAc
Fig. 11 Structures of new cassane-type furanoditerpenes 42–55 from the seed kernels of C. crista
149
antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, antioxidant, antiproliferative, antiviral,
immunomodulatory, and immunosuppressive activities have been reported from
plants in the Caesalpinia genus [56]. Several classes of phytoconstituents, such as
flavonoids, diterpenes, and steroids, have been reported from plants in this genus
[56]. Caesalpinia spp. are rich sources of cassane-type diterpenes, inclusive of those
without a C-5 hydroxy group substituent or furan ring, cassane-type furanoditerpenes,
and norcassane-type diterpenes. Antimalarial [57, 58], antiviral [59], and cytotoxic
activities of cassane-type furanoditerpenes, isolated from Indonesian C. crista, have
been reported [60].
The seed kernels of Caesalpinia crista from Myanmar were studied initially in
2004 [61–63]. As in the case of other members of the genus Caesalpinia, the seed
kernels of C. crista from Myanmar have proved to be a good source of cassanetype diterpenes. Investigation of the chemical constituents of the CH 2 Cl 2 extract
prepared from the seed kernels of C. crista in Myanmar revealed the occurrence of
O
OH
R
3
R
6
R
5
R
4
R
1
R
2
42 (caesalpinin MA) R
1 = R
2 = OAc, R
3 = R
4 = R
5 = H, R
6 = Me
43 (caesalpinin MB) R
1 = OAc, R
2 = R
3 = R
4 = R
6 = H, R
5 = COOMe
46 (caesalpinin MF) R
1 = R
2 = OAc, R
3 = R
4 = R
6 = H, R
5 = COOMe
47 (caesalpinin MG) R
1 = R
3 = R
4 = OAc, R
2 = R
6 = H, R
5 = COOMe
48 (caesalpinin MH) R
1 = R
3 = OAc, R
2 = R
6 = H, R
4 = OH, R
5 = COOH
49 (caesalpinin MI) R
1 = R
2 = R
3 = R
5 = H, R
4 = OH, R
6 = Me
O
OH
OAc
AcO
44 (caesalpinin MC)
O
OH
OAc
R
3
R
1
45 (caesalpinin MD) R
1 = R
3 = OAc, R
2 = H
55 (caesalpinin MP) R
1 = R
2 = R
3 = H
R
2
O
OAc
R
2
R
1
OAc
O
OAc
52 (caesalpinin MM) R
1 = Me, R
2 = OH
53 (caesalpinin MN) R
1 = OH, R
2 = Me
O
OH
OAc
OAc
O
54 (caesalpinin MO)
O
OH
R
1
R
2
50 (caesalpinin MJ) R
1 = H, R
2 = OAc
51 (caesalpinin MK) R
1 = OAc, R
2 = H
OAc
Fig. 11 Structures of new cassane-type furanoditerpenes 42–55 from the seed kernels of C. crista