32
1 Introduction
80. Moon SJ, Shattuck MD, Bizon C, Goldman DI, Swift JB, Swinney HL (2001) Phase bubbles
and spatiotemporal chaos in granular patterns. Phys Rev E 65(1):011301
81. Moussa NA, Fowle AA (1985) Exploratory study of pulsed atmospheric fluidized bed
combustion. In: Proceedings of 8th International Conference on FCB, Houston, pp 1300–1310
82. Mujica N, Melo F (1998) Solid-liquid transition and hydrodynamic surface waves in vibrated
granular layers. Phys Rev Lett 80(23):5121
83. Mujica N, Melo F (2000) Experimental study of solid-liquid-type transitions in vibrated
granular layers and the relation with surface waves. Phys Rev E 63(1):011303
84. Nam CH, Pfeffer R, Dave RN, Sundaresan S (2004) Aerated vibrofluidization of silica
nanoparticles. AlChE J 50(8):1776–1785
85. Park HK, Moon HT (2002) Square to stripe transition and superlattice patterns in vertically
oscillated granular layers. Phys Rev E 65(5):051310
86. Passalacqua A, Marmo L (2009) A critical comparison of frictional stress models applied to
the simulation of bubbling fluidized beds. Chem Eng Sci 64(12):2795–2806
87. Peng W, He Y, Wang T (2014) Granular temperature with discrete element method simulation
in a bubbling fluidized bed. Adv Powder Technol 25(3):896–903
88. Quevedo J, Pfeffer R, Shen Y, Dave R, Nakamura H, Watano S (2006) Fluidization of
nanoagglomerates in a rotating fluidized bed. AlChE J 52(7):2401–2412
89. Rahimi MR, Azizi N, Hosseini SH, Ahmadi G (2013) CFD study of hydrodynamics behavior
of a vibrating fluidized bed using kinetic-frictional stress model of granular flow. Korean J
Chem Eng 30(3):761–770
90. Rhodes MJ (2008) Introduction to particle technology. John Wiley& Sons, New Jersey
91. Rüdisüli M, Schildhauer TJ, Biollaz SMA, van Ommen JR (2012) Scale-up of bubbling
fluidized bed reactors—a review. Powder Technol 217:21–38
92. Sakai M, Abe M, Shigeto Y, Mizutani S, Takahashi H, Viré A, Percival JR, Xiang J, Pain CC
(2014) Verification and validation of a coarse grain model of the DEM in a bubbling fluidized
bed. Chem Eng J 244:33–43
93. Sakai M, Koshizuka S (2009) Large-scale discrete element modeling in pneumatic conveying.
Chem Eng Sci 64(3):533–539
94. Samson R, Brakel CE, Scott AM, Chandrasekharan K, Veenstra P (1988) A bubble model
describing the influence of internals on gas fluidization. Chem Eng Sci 43(8):2215–2220
95. Sano O (2011) Density wave as a mechanism of the formation of ripples in vertically oscillated
thicker granular layer. J Phys Soc Jpn 80(3):034402
96. Schouten JC, van den Bleek CM (1992) Chaotic hydrodynamics of fluidization: consequences
for scaling and modeling of fluid bed reactors. AIChE Symp Ser 88:70–70
97. Snider D (2001) An incompressible three-dimensional multiphase particle-in-cell model for
dense particle flows. J Comput Phys 170(2):523–549
98. Squires AM (1982) Contribution towards a history of fluidization. In: Proceedings of Joint
Meeting of Chemical Industry and Engineering Society of China (CIESC) and American
Institute of Chemical Engineers, Beijing, pp 322–353
99. Sun G, Grace J (1992) Effect of particle size distribution in different fluidization regimes.
AlChE J 38(5):716–722
100. Sun J, Sundaresan S (2011) A constitutive model with microstructure evolution for flow of
rate-independent granular materials. J Fluid Mech 682:590–616
101. Sundaresan S (2003) Instabilities in fluidized beds. Annu Rev Fluid Mech 35(1):63–88
102. Thornton C, Yang F, Seville J (2015) A DEM investigation of transitional behaviour in gasfluidised beds. Powder Technol 270:128–134
103. Tsuji Y, Tanaka T, Ishida T (1992) Lagrangian numerical simulation of plug flow of
cohesionless particles in a horizontal pipe. Powder Technol 71(3):239–250
104. Umbanhowar PB, Melo F, Swinney HL (1996) Localized excitations in a vertically vibrated
granular layer. Nature 382(6594):793–796
105. Umbanhowar PB, Melo F, Swinney HL (1998) Periodic, aperiodic, and transient patterns in
vibrated granular layers. Phys A 249(1):1–9
1 Introduction
80. Moon SJ, Shattuck MD, Bizon C, Goldman DI, Swift JB, Swinney HL (2001) Phase bubbles
and spatiotemporal chaos in granular patterns. Phys Rev E 65(1):011301
81. Moussa NA, Fowle AA (1985) Exploratory study of pulsed atmospheric fluidized bed
combustion. In: Proceedings of 8th International Conference on FCB, Houston, pp 1300–1310
82. Mujica N, Melo F (1998) Solid-liquid transition and hydrodynamic surface waves in vibrated
granular layers. Phys Rev Lett 80(23):5121
83. Mujica N, Melo F (2000) Experimental study of solid-liquid-type transitions in vibrated
granular layers and the relation with surface waves. Phys Rev E 63(1):011303
84. Nam CH, Pfeffer R, Dave RN, Sundaresan S (2004) Aerated vibrofluidization of silica
nanoparticles. AlChE J 50(8):1776–1785
85. Park HK, Moon HT (2002) Square to stripe transition and superlattice patterns in vertically
oscillated granular layers. Phys Rev E 65(5):051310
86. Passalacqua A, Marmo L (2009) A critical comparison of frictional stress models applied to
the simulation of bubbling fluidized beds. Chem Eng Sci 64(12):2795–2806
87. Peng W, He Y, Wang T (2014) Granular temperature with discrete element method simulation
in a bubbling fluidized bed. Adv Powder Technol 25(3):896–903
88. Quevedo J, Pfeffer R, Shen Y, Dave R, Nakamura H, Watano S (2006) Fluidization of
nanoagglomerates in a rotating fluidized bed. AlChE J 52(7):2401–2412
89. Rahimi MR, Azizi N, Hosseini SH, Ahmadi G (2013) CFD study of hydrodynamics behavior
of a vibrating fluidized bed using kinetic-frictional stress model of granular flow. Korean J
Chem Eng 30(3):761–770
90. Rhodes MJ (2008) Introduction to particle technology. John Wiley& Sons, New Jersey
91. Rüdisüli M, Schildhauer TJ, Biollaz SMA, van Ommen JR (2012) Scale-up of bubbling
fluidized bed reactors—a review. Powder Technol 217:21–38
92. Sakai M, Abe M, Shigeto Y, Mizutani S, Takahashi H, Viré A, Percival JR, Xiang J, Pain CC
(2014) Verification and validation of a coarse grain model of the DEM in a bubbling fluidized
bed. Chem Eng J 244:33–43
93. Sakai M, Koshizuka S (2009) Large-scale discrete element modeling in pneumatic conveying.
Chem Eng Sci 64(3):533–539
94. Samson R, Brakel CE, Scott AM, Chandrasekharan K, Veenstra P (1988) A bubble model
describing the influence of internals on gas fluidization. Chem Eng Sci 43(8):2215–2220
95. Sano O (2011) Density wave as a mechanism of the formation of ripples in vertically oscillated
thicker granular layer. J Phys Soc Jpn 80(3):034402
96. Schouten JC, van den Bleek CM (1992) Chaotic hydrodynamics of fluidization: consequences
for scaling and modeling of fluid bed reactors. AIChE Symp Ser 88:70–70
97. Snider D (2001) An incompressible three-dimensional multiphase particle-in-cell model for
dense particle flows. J Comput Phys 170(2):523–549
98. Squires AM (1982) Contribution towards a history of fluidization. In: Proceedings of Joint
Meeting of Chemical Industry and Engineering Society of China (CIESC) and American
Institute of Chemical Engineers, Beijing, pp 322–353
99. Sun G, Grace J (1992) Effect of particle size distribution in different fluidization regimes.
AlChE J 38(5):716–722
100. Sun J, Sundaresan S (2011) A constitutive model with microstructure evolution for flow of
rate-independent granular materials. J Fluid Mech 682:590–616
101. Sundaresan S (2003) Instabilities in fluidized beds. Annu Rev Fluid Mech 35(1):63–88
102. Thornton C, Yang F, Seville J (2015) A DEM investigation of transitional behaviour in gasfluidised beds. Powder Technol 270:128–134
103. Tsuji Y, Tanaka T, Ishida T (1992) Lagrangian numerical simulation of plug flow of
cohesionless particles in a horizontal pipe. Powder Technol 71(3):239–250
104. Umbanhowar PB, Melo F, Swinney HL (1996) Localized excitations in a vertically vibrated
granular layer. Nature 382(6594):793–796
105. Umbanhowar PB, Melo F, Swinney HL (1998) Periodic, aperiodic, and transient patterns in
vibrated granular layers. Phys A 249(1):1–9