that can react with oxygen becomes reduced. The general scheme of an electron
transport system can be illustrated as follows:
The cytochrome complement associated with respiration in eukaryotic organisms
is uniform, whereas many different cytochrome systems exist in bacteria. It should
be noted that in the regeneration of FAD, there is a net liberation of hydrogen ions,
since only electrons are transferred to the cytochrome systems:
FADH 2 þ 2 Fe
3þ
! FAD þ 2H
þ
þ 2Fe
2þ
4Fe
2þ
þ O 2 ! 4Fe
3þ
þ 2O
2À
The hydrogen ions are consumed in the subsequent reduction of oxygen to form
water as a final product.
Fig. 3.2 General scheme of chemical changes by wastewater microorganisms. (Source: US EPA)
3 Biological Processes
83
transport system can be illustrated as follows:
The cytochrome complement associated with respiration in eukaryotic organisms
is uniform, whereas many different cytochrome systems exist in bacteria. It should
be noted that in the regeneration of FAD, there is a net liberation of hydrogen ions,
since only electrons are transferred to the cytochrome systems:
FADH 2 þ 2 Fe
3þ
! FAD þ 2H
þ
þ 2Fe
2þ
4Fe
2þ
þ O 2 ! 4Fe
3þ
þ 2O
2À
The hydrogen ions are consumed in the subsequent reduction of oxygen to form
water as a final product.
Fig. 3.2 General scheme of chemical changes by wastewater microorganisms. (Source: US EPA)
3 Biological Processes
83