Impeller, pump It is a spinning component, the heart of the dredge pump, that
transmits energy from the motor which drives the pump to the fluid being pumped
by advancing the fluid externally from the center of rotation.
Incident Command System (ICS) A standardized on-scene emergency management construct specifically designed to provide an integrated organizational
structure that reflects the complexity and demands of single or multiple incidents,
without being hindered by jurisdictional boundaries. The Incident Command
System is the combination of facilities, equipment, personnel, procedures, and
communications operating within a common organizational structure, designed to
aid in the management of resources during incidents. ICS is used for all kinds of
emergencies and is applicable to small as well as large and complex incidents.
ICS is used by various jurisdictions and functional agencies, both public and
private, to organize field-level incident management operations.
Incineration It is dry combustion of sludge or solid wastes to produce an inert ash.
This ash can then be beneficially used or disposed of in a sanitary landfill. The
process must dry the sludge cake or small solid wastes, destroy the volatile
content by burning, and finally produce a sterile ash. A variety of incinerator
configurations exist. The most common include: (a) multiple hearth furnace
incinerator; and (b) fluidized bed incinerator.
Incinerator, fluidized bed In the fluidized bed system, dewatered sludge or small
solid waste is fed into a bed of hot sand fluidized by circulating air. There is rapid
drying and combustion of the sludge or solid waste. Ash is carried out of the
incinerator by the combustion gases and is separated by a wet scrubber system or
equivalent.
Incinerator, multiple hearth furnace Sludge passes downward through a series of
hearths. Dewatered sludge cake or small solid wastes are fed to the top hearths. In
the upper hearths, the water content is vaporized and the sludge or solid wastes
are dried. In the middle hearths, the sludge or solid wastes are ignited and burned.
In the lower hearths, the slow-burning materials is continuously burned, and the
ash undergoes cooling.
Independent physicochemical wastewater treatment system (IPCWWTS) An
Independent Physicochemical Wastewater Treatment System (IPCWWTS) utilizes physicochemical (PC) process technology other than biological process
technology to obtain combined primary and secondary treatment efficiency for
removals of mainly biochemical oxidation demand (BOD), chemical oxidation
demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS), and phosphate. Typically, an
IPCWWTS uses combinations of preliminary treatment (flow equalization, bar
screening, comminution, grit chamber, ammonia stripping), chemical precipitation/coagulation, primary clarification (primary sedimentation clarification or
primary flotation clarification), secondary clarification (secondary sedimentation
clarification, or secondary flotation clarification, without biological treatment),
tertiary wastewater treatment (filtration, and/or granular activated carbon adsorption, ion exchange, PC oxidation, etc.), and disinfection. An innovative efficient
primary flotation clarifier or a secondary flotation clarifier can be in any shape,
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M.-H. S. Wang and L. K. Wang
transmits energy from the motor which drives the pump to the fluid being pumped
by advancing the fluid externally from the center of rotation.
Incident Command System (ICS) A standardized on-scene emergency management construct specifically designed to provide an integrated organizational
structure that reflects the complexity and demands of single or multiple incidents,
without being hindered by jurisdictional boundaries. The Incident Command
System is the combination of facilities, equipment, personnel, procedures, and
communications operating within a common organizational structure, designed to
aid in the management of resources during incidents. ICS is used for all kinds of
emergencies and is applicable to small as well as large and complex incidents.
ICS is used by various jurisdictions and functional agencies, both public and
private, to organize field-level incident management operations.
Incineration It is dry combustion of sludge or solid wastes to produce an inert ash.
This ash can then be beneficially used or disposed of in a sanitary landfill. The
process must dry the sludge cake or small solid wastes, destroy the volatile
content by burning, and finally produce a sterile ash. A variety of incinerator
configurations exist. The most common include: (a) multiple hearth furnace
incinerator; and (b) fluidized bed incinerator.
Incinerator, fluidized bed In the fluidized bed system, dewatered sludge or small
solid waste is fed into a bed of hot sand fluidized by circulating air. There is rapid
drying and combustion of the sludge or solid waste. Ash is carried out of the
incinerator by the combustion gases and is separated by a wet scrubber system or
equivalent.
Incinerator, multiple hearth furnace Sludge passes downward through a series of
hearths. Dewatered sludge cake or small solid wastes are fed to the top hearths. In
the upper hearths, the water content is vaporized and the sludge or solid wastes
are dried. In the middle hearths, the sludge or solid wastes are ignited and burned.
In the lower hearths, the slow-burning materials is continuously burned, and the
ash undergoes cooling.
Independent physicochemical wastewater treatment system (IPCWWTS) An
Independent Physicochemical Wastewater Treatment System (IPCWWTS) utilizes physicochemical (PC) process technology other than biological process
technology to obtain combined primary and secondary treatment efficiency for
removals of mainly biochemical oxidation demand (BOD), chemical oxidation
demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS), and phosphate. Typically, an
IPCWWTS uses combinations of preliminary treatment (flow equalization, bar
screening, comminution, grit chamber, ammonia stripping), chemical precipitation/coagulation, primary clarification (primary sedimentation clarification or
primary flotation clarification), secondary clarification (secondary sedimentation
clarification, or secondary flotation clarification, without biological treatment),
tertiary wastewater treatment (filtration, and/or granular activated carbon adsorption, ion exchange, PC oxidation, etc.), and disinfection. An innovative efficient
primary flotation clarifier or a secondary flotation clarifier can be in any shape,
458
M.-H. S. Wang and L. K. Wang