12. Kale V, Katikaneni SSP, Cheryan M (1999) Deacidification of ricebran oil by solvent extraction
and membrane technology. J Am Oil Chem Soc 76(6):723
13. Azbar N, Yonar T (2004) Comparative evaluation of a laboratory and full-scale treatment
alternatives for the vegetable oil refining industry wastewater (VORW). Process Biochem
39:869–875
14. IFC (2007) Environmental, health, and safety guidelines for vegetable oil processing. World
B a n k G r o u p . F u l l t e x t i s a t : h t t p : / / w w w 1 . i f c . o r g / w p s / w c m / c o n n e c t /
83b8628048855b84893cdb6a6515bb18/Final%2B-%2BVegetable%2BOil%2BProcessing.
pdf?MOD¼AJPERES (Visited in 2013)
15. Decloux M, Lameloise ML, Brocard A, Bisson E, Parmentier M, Spiraers A (2007) Treatment
of acidic wastewater arising from the refining of vegetable oil by crossflow microfiltration at
very low transmembrane pressure. Process Biochem 42(4):693
16. Environmental Technology Program for Industry (1999) The edible oil& ghee sector environmental report. The Federation of Pakistan Chambers of Commerce&Industry, Pakistan, pp 1–24
17. Chipasa KB (2001) Limits of physicochemical treatment of wastewater in the vegetable oil
refining industry. Pol J Environ Stud 10(3):141–147
18. Pathe PP, Nandy T, Kaul SN (1999) Wastewater management in vegetable oil industries. Indian
J Environ Prot 27:481–492
19. Saatci Y, Hasar H, Cici M (2001) Treatability of vegetable oil industry effluents through
physical-chemical methods. Fresenius Environ Bull 10(12):854–858
20. Aslan S (2003) Characterization, COD fractions of an edible oil plant wastewaters and investigations of current wastewater treatment plant: MSc Thesis. Kocaeli University, Kocaeli
21. Basu AK (1967) Treatment of effluents from the manufacture of soap and hydrogenated
vegetable oil. J WPCF 39:1653–1657
22. Chin KK, Ng WJ, Ma AN (1987) Palm oil refinery effluent treatment by sequencing batch
reactors. Biol Wastes 20:101–109
23. Sengul F, Filibeli A, Karagunduz A (1992) Cotton oil industry wastewater characteristics and
treatment. In: 3rd Symposium on Industrial Pollution by Istanbul Technical University (ITU),
İstanbul, Turkey, pp 121–137
24. Güvezne E (1984) Industrial wastewater treatment: Turyag case. In: Çevre’84, Turkish-German
Environmental Engineering Symposium by TUBITAK, İzmir, pp 29–33
25. Öztürk İ, Şan H, Eroğlu V (1989) Pilot and full scale treatability studies on wastewaters from
edible oil refining industry. In: Proceedings of the 44th Industrial Waste Conference’89. Purdue
University, West Lafayette, pp 769–777
26. Pintor AMA, Vilar VJP, Botelho CMS, Boaventura RAR (2014) Optimization of a primary
gravity separation treatment for vegetable oil refinery wastewaters. Clean Techn Environ Policy
16:1725–1734
27. Zabel T (1992) Flotation in water treatment. In: Mavros P, Matis KA (eds) Innovations in
flotation technology. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht
28. Reynolds TD (1982) Unit operations and process in environmental engineering. Wadswort Inc.,
Belmont, pp 512–517
29. Metcalf & Eddy (1991) Wastewater engineering: treatment, disposal, and reuse. McGraw-Hill,
New York, pp 243–248, 486, 804–805
30. Matis KA, Zouboulis AI (1995) In: Mathis KA (ed) Flotation science and engineering. Marcel
Dekker, Inc., New York, p 385
31. Zheng YY, Zhao CC (1993) A study of kinetics on induced-air flotation for oil-water separation. Separ Purif Technol 28(5):1233–1240
32. Bennett GF (1988) The removal of oil from wastewater by air flotation: a review. CRC Crit Rev
Environ Contr 18(3):189–253
33. Kiuri HJ (2001) Development of dissolved air flotation technology from the 1st generation to
the newest 3rd one (very thick microbubbles) with high flow-rates (DAF in turbulent flow
conditions). Water Sci Technol 8:1–8
372
D. Kaya and Y.-T. Hung
and membrane technology. J Am Oil Chem Soc 76(6):723
13. Azbar N, Yonar T (2004) Comparative evaluation of a laboratory and full-scale treatment
alternatives for the vegetable oil refining industry wastewater (VORW). Process Biochem
39:869–875
14. IFC (2007) Environmental, health, and safety guidelines for vegetable oil processing. World
B a n k G r o u p . F u l l t e x t i s a t : h t t p : / / w w w 1 . i f c . o r g / w p s / w c m / c o n n e c t /
83b8628048855b84893cdb6a6515bb18/Final%2B-%2BVegetable%2BOil%2BProcessing.
pdf?MOD¼AJPERES (Visited in 2013)
15. Decloux M, Lameloise ML, Brocard A, Bisson E, Parmentier M, Spiraers A (2007) Treatment
of acidic wastewater arising from the refining of vegetable oil by crossflow microfiltration at
very low transmembrane pressure. Process Biochem 42(4):693
16. Environmental Technology Program for Industry (1999) The edible oil& ghee sector environmental report. The Federation of Pakistan Chambers of Commerce&Industry, Pakistan, pp 1–24
17. Chipasa KB (2001) Limits of physicochemical treatment of wastewater in the vegetable oil
refining industry. Pol J Environ Stud 10(3):141–147
18. Pathe PP, Nandy T, Kaul SN (1999) Wastewater management in vegetable oil industries. Indian
J Environ Prot 27:481–492
19. Saatci Y, Hasar H, Cici M (2001) Treatability of vegetable oil industry effluents through
physical-chemical methods. Fresenius Environ Bull 10(12):854–858
20. Aslan S (2003) Characterization, COD fractions of an edible oil plant wastewaters and investigations of current wastewater treatment plant: MSc Thesis. Kocaeli University, Kocaeli
21. Basu AK (1967) Treatment of effluents from the manufacture of soap and hydrogenated
vegetable oil. J WPCF 39:1653–1657
22. Chin KK, Ng WJ, Ma AN (1987) Palm oil refinery effluent treatment by sequencing batch
reactors. Biol Wastes 20:101–109
23. Sengul F, Filibeli A, Karagunduz A (1992) Cotton oil industry wastewater characteristics and
treatment. In: 3rd Symposium on Industrial Pollution by Istanbul Technical University (ITU),
İstanbul, Turkey, pp 121–137
24. Güvezne E (1984) Industrial wastewater treatment: Turyag case. In: Çevre’84, Turkish-German
Environmental Engineering Symposium by TUBITAK, İzmir, pp 29–33
25. Öztürk İ, Şan H, Eroğlu V (1989) Pilot and full scale treatability studies on wastewaters from
edible oil refining industry. In: Proceedings of the 44th Industrial Waste Conference’89. Purdue
University, West Lafayette, pp 769–777
26. Pintor AMA, Vilar VJP, Botelho CMS, Boaventura RAR (2014) Optimization of a primary
gravity separation treatment for vegetable oil refinery wastewaters. Clean Techn Environ Policy
16:1725–1734
27. Zabel T (1992) Flotation in water treatment. In: Mavros P, Matis KA (eds) Innovations in
flotation technology. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht
28. Reynolds TD (1982) Unit operations and process in environmental engineering. Wadswort Inc.,
Belmont, pp 512–517
29. Metcalf & Eddy (1991) Wastewater engineering: treatment, disposal, and reuse. McGraw-Hill,
New York, pp 243–248, 486, 804–805
30. Matis KA, Zouboulis AI (1995) In: Mathis KA (ed) Flotation science and engineering. Marcel
Dekker, Inc., New York, p 385
31. Zheng YY, Zhao CC (1993) A study of kinetics on induced-air flotation for oil-water separation. Separ Purif Technol 28(5):1233–1240
32. Bennett GF (1988) The removal of oil from wastewater by air flotation: a review. CRC Crit Rev
Environ Contr 18(3):189–253
33. Kiuri HJ (2001) Development of dissolved air flotation technology from the 1st generation to
the newest 3rd one (very thick microbubbles) with high flow-rates (DAF in turbulent flow
conditions). Water Sci Technol 8:1–8
372
D. Kaya and Y.-T. Hung