80
8 Yerba Mate, the Global Commerce, and Possible Adulteration …
marking)’ by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) clearly demonstrates that
‘best-before end’ is not the same thing of ‘use-by date’… (EFSA Panel on Biological Hazards 2020). In addition, the printed date can be printed as ‘month/year’ or
‘day/month/year’ (even if the order of numbers is different in South America). These
two systems are generally ascribed to ‘best-before date’ and ‘use-by date’ information. The concomitant existence of yerba mate products with both information types
can be questionable, and food consumers may be confused.
This argument does not mention all possible products containing yerba mate, such
as alcoholic beverages and espresso-like pods etc.
Other mislabelling options such as incorrect or modified shelf life dates can be
observed, and the possible countermeasures rely on a reliable flow if input and
output data (the ‘traceability’ system). At present, more research is surely needed in
the ambit of yerba mate products, also taking into account the international ambit of
related commerces, and the expansion of electronic (on-line) businesses concerning
yerba mate. The market of electronic transactions is extremely rapid and the number
of possible adulteration episodes can increase!
References
Barbieri G, Barone C, Bhagat A, Caruso G, Conley Z, Parisi S (2014) The prediction of shelf life
values in function of the chemical composition in soft cheeses. In: The influence of chemistry on
new foods and traditional products. Springer International Publishing, Cham. https://doi.org/10.
1007/978-3-319-11358-6_2
Barbieri G, Bergamaschi M, Saccani G, Caruso G, Santangelo A, Tulumello T, Vibhute B, Barbieri
G (2019) Processed Meat and Polyphenols: Opportunities, Advantages, and Difficulties. J AOAC
Int 102(5):1401–1406. https://doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/102.5.1401
Bhagat AR, Delgado AM, Issaoui M, Chammem N, Fiorino M, Pellerito A, Natalello S (2019)
Review of the role of fluid dairy in delivery of polyphenolic compounds in the diet: chocolate
milk, coffee beverages, Matcha green tea, and beyond. J AOAC Int 102(5):1365–1372. https://
doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/102.5.1365
Burris KP, Harte FM, Davidson PM, Stewart Jr CN, Zivanovic S (2012) Composition and bioactive
properties of yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hil.): a review. Chil J Agric Res 72, 2:268–274
Chammem N, Issaoui M, De Almeida AID, Delgado AM (2018) Food crises and food safety
incidents in European Union, United States, and Maghreb Area: current risk communication
strategies and new approaches. J AOAC Int 101(4):923–938. https://doi.org/10.5740/jaoacint.170446
Crighton E, Coghlan ML, Farrington R, Hoban CL, Power MW, Nash C, Mullaney I, Byard
RW, Trengove R, Musgrave IF, Bunce M, Maker G (2019) Toxicological screening and DNA
sequencing detects contamination and adulteration in regulated herbal medicines and supplements for diet, weight loss and cardiovascular health. J Pharm Biomed Anal 176:112834. https://
doi.org/10.1016/j.jpba.2019.112834
da Veiga DTA, Bringhenti R, Copes R, Tatsch E, Moresco RN, Comim FV, Premaor MO (2018)
Protective effect of yerba mate intake on the cardiovascular system: a post hoc analysis study
in postmenopausal women. Braz J Med Biol Res 51(6):e7253. https://doi.org/10.1590/1414-431
x20187253
Dartora N, de Souza LM, Santana AP, Iacomini M, Valduga AT, Gorin PAJ, Sassaki GL (2011)
UPLC-PDA–MS evaluation of bioactive compounds from leaves of Ilex paraguariensis with
8 Yerba Mate, the Global Commerce, and Possible Adulteration …
marking)’ by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) clearly demonstrates that
‘best-before end’ is not the same thing of ‘use-by date’… (EFSA Panel on Biological Hazards 2020). In addition, the printed date can be printed as ‘month/year’ or
‘day/month/year’ (even if the order of numbers is different in South America). These
two systems are generally ascribed to ‘best-before date’ and ‘use-by date’ information. The concomitant existence of yerba mate products with both information types
can be questionable, and food consumers may be confused.
This argument does not mention all possible products containing yerba mate, such
as alcoholic beverages and espresso-like pods etc.
Other mislabelling options such as incorrect or modified shelf life dates can be
observed, and the possible countermeasures rely on a reliable flow if input and
output data (the ‘traceability’ system). At present, more research is surely needed in
the ambit of yerba mate products, also taking into account the international ambit of
related commerces, and the expansion of electronic (on-line) businesses concerning
yerba mate. The market of electronic transactions is extremely rapid and the number
of possible adulteration episodes can increase!
References
Barbieri G, Barone C, Bhagat A, Caruso G, Conley Z, Parisi S (2014) The prediction of shelf life
values in function of the chemical composition in soft cheeses. In: The influence of chemistry on
new foods and traditional products. Springer International Publishing, Cham. https://doi.org/10.
1007/978-3-319-11358-6_2
Barbieri G, Bergamaschi M, Saccani G, Caruso G, Santangelo A, Tulumello T, Vibhute B, Barbieri
G (2019) Processed Meat and Polyphenols: Opportunities, Advantages, and Difficulties. J AOAC
Int 102(5):1401–1406. https://doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/102.5.1401
Bhagat AR, Delgado AM, Issaoui M, Chammem N, Fiorino M, Pellerito A, Natalello S (2019)
Review of the role of fluid dairy in delivery of polyphenolic compounds in the diet: chocolate
milk, coffee beverages, Matcha green tea, and beyond. J AOAC Int 102(5):1365–1372. https://
doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/102.5.1365
Burris KP, Harte FM, Davidson PM, Stewart Jr CN, Zivanovic S (2012) Composition and bioactive
properties of yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hil.): a review. Chil J Agric Res 72, 2:268–274
Chammem N, Issaoui M, De Almeida AID, Delgado AM (2018) Food crises and food safety
incidents in European Union, United States, and Maghreb Area: current risk communication
strategies and new approaches. J AOAC Int 101(4):923–938. https://doi.org/10.5740/jaoacint.170446
Crighton E, Coghlan ML, Farrington R, Hoban CL, Power MW, Nash C, Mullaney I, Byard
RW, Trengove R, Musgrave IF, Bunce M, Maker G (2019) Toxicological screening and DNA
sequencing detects contamination and adulteration in regulated herbal medicines and supplements for diet, weight loss and cardiovascular health. J Pharm Biomed Anal 176:112834. https://
doi.org/10.1016/j.jpba.2019.112834
da Veiga DTA, Bringhenti R, Copes R, Tatsch E, Moresco RN, Comim FV, Premaor MO (2018)
Protective effect of yerba mate intake on the cardiovascular system: a post hoc analysis study
in postmenopausal women. Braz J Med Biol Res 51(6):e7253. https://doi.org/10.1590/1414-431
x20187253
Dartora N, de Souza LM, Santana AP, Iacomini M, Valduga AT, Gorin PAJ, Sassaki GL (2011)
UPLC-PDA–MS evaluation of bioactive compounds from leaves of Ilex paraguariensis with