Khoddami A, Ghazali HM, Yassoralipour A, Ramakrishnan Y, Ganjloo A (2011) Physicochemical
characteristics of nigella seed (Nigella sativa L.) oil as affected by different extraction methods.
J Am Oil Chem Soc 88(4):533–540
Kiralan M, Özkan G, Bayrak A, Ramadan MF (2014) Physicochemical properties and stability of
black cumin (Nigella sativa) seed oil as affected by different extraction methods. Ind Crop Prod
57:52–58
Kokoska L, Havlik J, Valterova I, Sovova H, Sajfrtova M, Jankovska I (2008) Comparison of
chemical composition and antibacterial activity of Nigella sativa seed essential oils obtained by
different extraction methods. J Food Prot 71(12):2475–2480
Magdy MA, Hanan EA, Nabila EM (2012) Thymoquinone: novel gastroprotective mechanisms.
Eur J Pharmacol 697(1–3):126–131
Majdalawieh AF, Hmaidan R, Carr RI (2010) Nigella sativa modulates splenocyte proliferation,
Th1/Th2 cytokine profile, macrophage function and NK anti-tumor activity. J Ethnopharmacol
131(2):268–275
Malhotra SK (2012) Nigella. In: Handbook of herbs and spices, vol 2, 7nd edn, pp 391–416
Manju S, Malaikozhundan B, Vijayakumar S, Shanthi S, Jaishabanu A, Ekambaram P, Vaseeharan
B (2016) Antibacterial, antibiofilm and cytotoxic effects of Nigella sativa essential oil coated
gold nanoparticles. Microb Pathog 91:129–135
Matthaus B, Özcan MM (2011) Fatty acids, tocopherol, and sterol contents of some Nigella species
seed oil. Czech J Food Sci 29(2):145–150
Mehta BK, Pandit V, Gupta M (2009) New principles from seeds of Nigella sativa. Nat Prod Res 23
(2):138–148
Menounos P, Staphylakis K, Gegiou D (1986) The sterols of Nigella sativa seed oil. Phytochemistry 25(3):761–763
Mohamed AM, Metwally NM, Mahmoud SS (2005). Sativa seeds against Schistosoma mansoni
different stages. Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 100(2):205–211
Mohamed A, Waris HM, Ramadan H, Quereshi M, Kalra J (2009). Amelioration of chronic
relapsing experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (cr-eae) using thymoquinone-biomed
2009. Biomedical sciences instrumentation, 45:274–279
Mohammed NK, Manap A, Yazid M, Tan CP, Muhialdin BJ, Alhelli AM, Hussin M, Shobirin A
(2016) The effects of different extraction methods on antioxidant properties, chemical composition, and thermal behavior of black seed (Nigella sativa L.) oil. Evid Based Complement
Alternat Med:2016
Morikawa T, Xu F, Ninomiya K, Matsuda H, Yoshikawa M (2004) Nigellamines A3, A4, A5,
and C, new dolabellane-type diterpene alkaloids, with lipid metabolism-promoting activities
from the Egyptian medicinal food black cumin. Chem Pharm Bull 52(4):494–497
Morsi NM (2000) Antimicrobial effect of crude extracts of Nigella sativa on multiple antibioticsresistant bacteria. Acta Microbiol Pol 49(1):63–74
Muhammad AA (1994) This black seed is healing for all diseases except as-saam (death). Translator: Saheeh al-Bukhaaree. In: Khan MM (ed) Book of medicine (English translation). Maktaba
Dar-us-Salaam, Riyadh, p 939
Nadaf NH, Gawade SS, Muniv AS, Waghmare SR, Jadhav DB, Sonawane KD (2015) Exploring
anti-yeast activity of Nigella sativa seed extracts. Ind Crop Prod 77:624–630
Najmi A, Haque SF, Naseeruddin M, Khan RA (2008) Effect of Nigella sativa oil on various
clinical and biochemical parameters of metabolic syndrome. Int J Diabetes Dev Countries
16:85–87
Nargiz C, Otles S (1993) Chemical composition of Nigella sativa seeds. Food Chemistry 48(3):259261
Nemmar A, Al-Salam S, Zia S, Marzouqi F, Al-Dhaheri A, Subramaniyan D, Dhanasekaran S,
Yasin J, Ali BH, Kazzam EE (2011) Contrasting actions of diesel exhaust particles on the
pulmonary and cardiovascular systems and the effects of thymoquinone. Br J Pharmacol 164
(7):1871–1882
348
P. Sharma and T. Longvah
characteristics of nigella seed (Nigella sativa L.) oil as affected by different extraction methods.
J Am Oil Chem Soc 88(4):533–540
Kiralan M, Özkan G, Bayrak A, Ramadan MF (2014) Physicochemical properties and stability of
black cumin (Nigella sativa) seed oil as affected by different extraction methods. Ind Crop Prod
57:52–58
Kokoska L, Havlik J, Valterova I, Sovova H, Sajfrtova M, Jankovska I (2008) Comparison of
chemical composition and antibacterial activity of Nigella sativa seed essential oils obtained by
different extraction methods. J Food Prot 71(12):2475–2480
Magdy MA, Hanan EA, Nabila EM (2012) Thymoquinone: novel gastroprotective mechanisms.
Eur J Pharmacol 697(1–3):126–131
Majdalawieh AF, Hmaidan R, Carr RI (2010) Nigella sativa modulates splenocyte proliferation,
Th1/Th2 cytokine profile, macrophage function and NK anti-tumor activity. J Ethnopharmacol
131(2):268–275
Malhotra SK (2012) Nigella. In: Handbook of herbs and spices, vol 2, 7nd edn, pp 391–416
Manju S, Malaikozhundan B, Vijayakumar S, Shanthi S, Jaishabanu A, Ekambaram P, Vaseeharan
B (2016) Antibacterial, antibiofilm and cytotoxic effects of Nigella sativa essential oil coated
gold nanoparticles. Microb Pathog 91:129–135
Matthaus B, Özcan MM (2011) Fatty acids, tocopherol, and sterol contents of some Nigella species
seed oil. Czech J Food Sci 29(2):145–150
Mehta BK, Pandit V, Gupta M (2009) New principles from seeds of Nigella sativa. Nat Prod Res 23
(2):138–148
Menounos P, Staphylakis K, Gegiou D (1986) The sterols of Nigella sativa seed oil. Phytochemistry 25(3):761–763
Mohamed AM, Metwally NM, Mahmoud SS (2005). Sativa seeds against Schistosoma mansoni
different stages. Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 100(2):205–211
Mohamed A, Waris HM, Ramadan H, Quereshi M, Kalra J (2009). Amelioration of chronic
relapsing experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (cr-eae) using thymoquinone-biomed
2009. Biomedical sciences instrumentation, 45:274–279
Mohammed NK, Manap A, Yazid M, Tan CP, Muhialdin BJ, Alhelli AM, Hussin M, Shobirin A
(2016) The effects of different extraction methods on antioxidant properties, chemical composition, and thermal behavior of black seed (Nigella sativa L.) oil. Evid Based Complement
Alternat Med:2016
Morikawa T, Xu F, Ninomiya K, Matsuda H, Yoshikawa M (2004) Nigellamines A3, A4, A5,
and C, new dolabellane-type diterpene alkaloids, with lipid metabolism-promoting activities
from the Egyptian medicinal food black cumin. Chem Pharm Bull 52(4):494–497
Morsi NM (2000) Antimicrobial effect of crude extracts of Nigella sativa on multiple antibioticsresistant bacteria. Acta Microbiol Pol 49(1):63–74
Muhammad AA (1994) This black seed is healing for all diseases except as-saam (death). Translator: Saheeh al-Bukhaaree. In: Khan MM (ed) Book of medicine (English translation). Maktaba
Dar-us-Salaam, Riyadh, p 939
Nadaf NH, Gawade SS, Muniv AS, Waghmare SR, Jadhav DB, Sonawane KD (2015) Exploring
anti-yeast activity of Nigella sativa seed extracts. Ind Crop Prod 77:624–630
Najmi A, Haque SF, Naseeruddin M, Khan RA (2008) Effect of Nigella sativa oil on various
clinical and biochemical parameters of metabolic syndrome. Int J Diabetes Dev Countries
16:85–87
Nargiz C, Otles S (1993) Chemical composition of Nigella sativa seeds. Food Chemistry 48(3):259261
Nemmar A, Al-Salam S, Zia S, Marzouqi F, Al-Dhaheri A, Subramaniyan D, Dhanasekaran S,
Yasin J, Ali BH, Kazzam EE (2011) Contrasting actions of diesel exhaust particles on the
pulmonary and cardiovascular systems and the effects of thymoquinone. Br J Pharmacol 164
(7):1871–1882
348
P. Sharma and T. Longvah