30
1 Energy Security and Sustainability: An Overview
The International Energy Agency
6 has estimated that the global spending on
energy should be in the range of 680 billion USD per year if we must improve
energy security and efficiency. Simultaneously, we will have to revolutionize the
energy demand of transport sector that currently consumes 27% global energy. This
looks like an impossible task for developing countries where neither government have
enough funds for replacing archaic power generation and distribution technology nor
majority population as they are only willing to own cars that are cheap, use diesel
or compressed gas, and low on maintenance. Similarly housing that consume nearly
40% of energy for lighting, heating, cooling, and ventilation will be required to be
converted to ‘Net Zero Energy—Zero Carbon’ buildings,
7 another gigantic task to
achieve (Srivastav 2019). Most of the existing buildings require better insulation,
proper ventilation, and natural lighting, as well as improvements in space and water
heating. Unfortunately, in the absence of energy efficiency codes in many countries,
the future of ‘Net Zero Energy—Zero Carbon’ buildings does not appear bright
at least in developing countries where simple things like judicious placement of
windows and roof shadings, natural green surroundings, high ceilings and vents,
efficient in house lighting, and placing solar panels on roof tops are overlooked in
even new commercial and residential buildings.
References
Aayog NITI (2017) Draft national energy policy. National Institution for Transforming India,
Government of India, New Delhi. http://niti.gov.in/writereaddata/files/new_initiatives/NEPID_276
Birol F (2007) World energy outlook 2007: China and India insights. Council on Foreign Relations,
Inside CFR Events podcast, MP3 file 1: 02-17
Broadhead J, Killmann W (2008) Forests and energy: key issues, No. 154. Food & Agriculture Org
Brown LR (2008) Plan B 3.0: mobilizing to save civilization (substantially revised). WW Norton
& Company
Brundtland GH, Khalid M, Agnelli S, Al-Athel S, Chidzero B (1987) Our common future. New
York 8
Chen W-Y, Suzuki T, Lackner M (eds) (2017) Handbook of climate change mitigation and
adaptation. Springer International Publishing
Cherp A, Jewell J, Vinichenko V, Bauer N, De Cian E (2016) Global energy security under different
climate policies, GDP growth rates and fossil resource availabilities. Climatic Change 136(1):
83–94
Davis GH, Wood LA (1974) Water demands for expanding energy development, vol 703. US
Geological Survey, National Center
Eckholm E (1975) The other energy crisis: firewood. Worldwatch Paper 1
Energy Information Administration (EIA) (2004) International energy annual 2004
Energy Statistics (2018) Central Statistics Office, National Statistical Organization (Ministry of
Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of India, 2018)
6 Ref—EIA (2004).
7 A ‘Net Zero Energy—Zero Carbon’ building is the one that produces 100% required energy
through renewable on site and therefore emits no CO 2.
1 Energy Security and Sustainability: An Overview
The International Energy Agency
6 has estimated that the global spending on
energy should be in the range of 680 billion USD per year if we must improve
energy security and efficiency. Simultaneously, we will have to revolutionize the
energy demand of transport sector that currently consumes 27% global energy. This
looks like an impossible task for developing countries where neither government have
enough funds for replacing archaic power generation and distribution technology nor
majority population as they are only willing to own cars that are cheap, use diesel
or compressed gas, and low on maintenance. Similarly housing that consume nearly
40% of energy for lighting, heating, cooling, and ventilation will be required to be
converted to ‘Net Zero Energy—Zero Carbon’ buildings,
7 another gigantic task to
achieve (Srivastav 2019). Most of the existing buildings require better insulation,
proper ventilation, and natural lighting, as well as improvements in space and water
heating. Unfortunately, in the absence of energy efficiency codes in many countries,
the future of ‘Net Zero Energy—Zero Carbon’ buildings does not appear bright
at least in developing countries where simple things like judicious placement of
windows and roof shadings, natural green surroundings, high ceilings and vents,
efficient in house lighting, and placing solar panels on roof tops are overlooked in
even new commercial and residential buildings.
References
Aayog NITI (2017) Draft national energy policy. National Institution for Transforming India,
Government of India, New Delhi. http://niti.gov.in/writereaddata/files/new_initiatives/NEPID_276
Birol F (2007) World energy outlook 2007: China and India insights. Council on Foreign Relations,
Inside CFR Events podcast, MP3 file 1: 02-17
Broadhead J, Killmann W (2008) Forests and energy: key issues, No. 154. Food & Agriculture Org
Brown LR (2008) Plan B 3.0: mobilizing to save civilization (substantially revised). WW Norton
& Company
Brundtland GH, Khalid M, Agnelli S, Al-Athel S, Chidzero B (1987) Our common future. New
York 8
Chen W-Y, Suzuki T, Lackner M (eds) (2017) Handbook of climate change mitigation and
adaptation. Springer International Publishing
Cherp A, Jewell J, Vinichenko V, Bauer N, De Cian E (2016) Global energy security under different
climate policies, GDP growth rates and fossil resource availabilities. Climatic Change 136(1):
83–94
Davis GH, Wood LA (1974) Water demands for expanding energy development, vol 703. US
Geological Survey, National Center
Eckholm E (1975) The other energy crisis: firewood. Worldwatch Paper 1
Energy Information Administration (EIA) (2004) International energy annual 2004
Energy Statistics (2018) Central Statistics Office, National Statistical Organization (Ministry of
Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of India, 2018)
6 Ref—EIA (2004).
7 A ‘Net Zero Energy—Zero Carbon’ building is the one that produces 100% required energy
through renewable on site and therefore emits no CO 2.