Chapter 4
Climate Mitigation and India’s
Commitment to Global Community
Abstract The 1972 Stockholm declaration on the human environment led to constitution of first-generation conventions such as CITES, CMS, and WHC followed by
the second-generation conventions such as CBD and UNFCCC that were adopted
post 1991 as an outcome of Earth Summit and led to the development of holistic
approaches to conservation reflecting the sensitivities of poverty, rural development, equal participation, sustainable use, education, and awareness. The UNFCCC
makes it obligatory on all signatories to develop, publish, periodically update, and
make available national inventory of GHGs, steps taken or envisaged to implement
the Convention. India submitted its Initial National Communication (INC) to the
UNFCCC in UNFCCC website https://unfccc.int entailing emissions inventory of
1994. Second National Communication (SNC) was submitted to the UNFCCC in
2012 wherein GHG inventory for the year 2000 was reported and a summary of
GHG inventory for the year 2007 was provided as a proactive measure. Thereafter,
India submitted its first and second biennial updated reports to the UNFCCC in 2015
and 2018, respectively, in accordance with the decision taken in the 16th session of
the CoP to the UNFCCC.
Keywords Earth summit · Soft laws · UNFCCC · India submissions · National
action plan · Climate vulnerability
4.1 Multilateral Environmental Affairs
Early 1970s was the period when the world was heavily polarized and the global
conservation priorities were mainly focused on the issues of wildlife management,
land degradation, soil conservation, and water pollution. Developing and underdeveloped countries viewed environmental concerns as western responsibility and
the communist bloc relentlessly continued destruction of environment. Under these
circumstances the global assembly in Stockholm in 1972 was a surprising breakthrough and the outcome was known as the ‘Stockholm spirit of compromise’
in which developed and developing world found ways of resolving divergent and
© Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021
A. Srivastav, Energy Dynamics and Climate Mitigation,
Advances in Geographical and Environmental Sciences,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8940-9_4
121
Climate Mitigation and India’s
Commitment to Global Community
Abstract The 1972 Stockholm declaration on the human environment led to constitution of first-generation conventions such as CITES, CMS, and WHC followed by
the second-generation conventions such as CBD and UNFCCC that were adopted
post 1991 as an outcome of Earth Summit and led to the development of holistic
approaches to conservation reflecting the sensitivities of poverty, rural development, equal participation, sustainable use, education, and awareness. The UNFCCC
makes it obligatory on all signatories to develop, publish, periodically update, and
make available national inventory of GHGs, steps taken or envisaged to implement
the Convention. India submitted its Initial National Communication (INC) to the
UNFCCC in UNFCCC website https://unfccc.int entailing emissions inventory of
1994. Second National Communication (SNC) was submitted to the UNFCCC in
2012 wherein GHG inventory for the year 2000 was reported and a summary of
GHG inventory for the year 2007 was provided as a proactive measure. Thereafter,
India submitted its first and second biennial updated reports to the UNFCCC in 2015
and 2018, respectively, in accordance with the decision taken in the 16th session of
the CoP to the UNFCCC.
Keywords Earth summit · Soft laws · UNFCCC · India submissions · National
action plan · Climate vulnerability
4.1 Multilateral Environmental Affairs
Early 1970s was the period when the world was heavily polarized and the global
conservation priorities were mainly focused on the issues of wildlife management,
land degradation, soil conservation, and water pollution. Developing and underdeveloped countries viewed environmental concerns as western responsibility and
the communist bloc relentlessly continued destruction of environment. Under these
circumstances the global assembly in Stockholm in 1972 was a surprising breakthrough and the outcome was known as the ‘Stockholm spirit of compromise’
in which developed and developing world found ways of resolving divergent and
© Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021
A. Srivastav, Energy Dynamics and Climate Mitigation,
Advances in Geographical and Environmental Sciences,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8940-9_4
121