94
4 Measurement of Work Function
Fig. 4.27 Schematic energy diagram of the relationships among the Xe core level, Fermi level, and
vacuum level for two metal patches with different work functions
Table 4.1 Binding energy of Xe 5p 1/2 peak with respect to the Fermi level (E B
F (5p( 1/2 ))) and
calculated with respect to the vacuum level (E B
V ) by E B
V = E B
F (5p( 1/2 )) + φ: φ = clean metal
work function [13]
Sample
ϕ
E B
F (5p 1/2 )
E B
V = E B
F + ϕ
Pd(110)
5.20
7.03
12.23
Pd(100)
5.65
6.75
12.40
Pd(111)
5.95
6.47
12.42
Pt(111)
6.40
5.90
12.30
Ir(100)(1 × 1)
6.15
6.24
12.39
Ir(100)(5 × 1)
6.00
6.38
12.38
Ru(0001)
5.52
6.60
12.12
W(100)
4.50
7.90
12.40
W(110)
5.10
7.13
12.23
Ni(110)
4.65
7.75
12.40
Ni(100)
5.30
6.90
12.20
Ni(111)
5.40
6.80
12.20
Cu(110)
4.48
7.80
12.28
Al(111)
4.53
12.15
Ag(111)
4.75
7.45
12.20
Cs(poly)
1.80
10.50
12.30
Xe gas
13.4