118
I. Osaka
Acknowledgements The author is grateful to KAKENHI (24685030 and 16H04196) from
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science and Precursory Research for Embryonic Science
and Technology (PRESTO) and the Advanced Low Carbon Technology Research and Development (ALCA) Programs from Japan Science and Technology Agency for funding. The
author thanks Dr. M. Saito, Dr. K. Kawashima, Dr. Y. Tamai, Dr. V. Vohra, Dr. T.
Koganezawa, Prof. K. Takimiya, Prof. H. Murata, Prof. H. Yoshida, Prof. Y. Ie, and Prof. H. Ohkita
for their collaborative works.
References
1. Brabec, C., Scherf, U., Doyakonov, V.: Organic Photovoltaics: Materials, Device Physics, and
Manufacturing Technologies, Wiley-VCH (2008)
2. Liang, Y., Xu, Z., Xia, J., Tsai, S.-T., Wu, Y., Li, G., Ray, C., Yu, L.: For the bright future—bulk
heterojunction polymer solar cells with power conversion efficiency of 7.4%. Adv. Mater. 22,
E135–E138 (2010)
3. Vohra, V., Kawashima, K., Kakara, T., Koganezawa, T., Osaka, I., Takimiya, K., Murata, H.:
Efficient inverted polymer solar cells employing favourable molecular orientation. Nat. Photon
9, 403–408 (2015)
4. Yuan, J., Zhang, Y., Zhou, L., Zhang, G., Yip, H.-L., Lau, T.K., Lu, X., Zhu, C., Peng, H.,
Johnson, P.A., Leclerc, M., Cao, Y., Ulanski, J., Li, Y., Zou, Y.: Single-junction organic solar
cell with over 15% efficiency using fused-ring acceptor with electron-deficient core. Joule 3,
1140 (2019)
5. Tang, C.W.: Two-layer organic photovoltaic cell. Appl. Phys. Lett. 48, 183–185 (1986)
6. Hiramoto, M., Fujiwara, H., Yokoyama, M.: Three-layered organic solar cell with a photoactive
interlayer of codeposited pigments. Appl. Phys. Lett. 58, 1062–1064 (1991)
7. Yu, G., Gao, J., Hummelen, J.C., Wudl, F., Heeger, A.J.: Polymer photovoltaic cells: enhanced
efficiencies via a network of internal donor-acceptor heterojunctions. Science 270, 1789–1790
(1995)
8. Gnes, S., Neugebauer, H., Sariciftci, N.S.: Conjugated polymer-based organic solar cells. Chem.
Rev. 107, 1324–1338 (2007)
9. Osaka, I., McCullough, R.D.: Advances in molecular design and synthesis of regioregular
polythiophenes. Acc. Chem. Res. 41, 1202–1214 (2008)
10. Li, G., Shrotriya, V., Huang, J., Yao, Y., Moriarty, T., Emery, K., Yang, Y.: High-efficiency
solution processable polymer photovoltaic cells by self-organization of polymer blends. Nat.
Mater. 4, 864–868 (2005)
11. Zhao, G., He, Y., Li, Y.: 6.5% Efficiency of polymer solar cells based on poly(3-hexylthiophene)
and indene-C60 bisadduct by device optimization. Adv. Mater. 22, 4355–4358 (2010)
12. Dennler, G., Scharber, M.C., Brabec, C.J.: Polymer-fullerene bulk-heterojunction solar cells.
Adv. Mater. 21, 1323–1338 (2009)
13. Biniek, L., Schroeder, B.C., Nielsen, C.B., McCulloch, I.: Recent advances in high mobility
donor–acceptor semiconducting polymers. J. Mater. Chem. 22, 14803–14813 (2012)
14. Mühlbacher, D., Scharber, M., Morana, M., Zhu, Z., Waller, D., Gaudiana, R., Brabec, C.: High
photovoltaic performance of a low-bandgap polymer. Adv. Mater. 18, 2884–2889 (2006)
15. Osaka, I., Takimiya, K.: Backbone orientation in semiconducting polymers. Polymer 59, A1–
A15 (2015)
16. Ando, S., Nishida, J., Inoue, Y., Tokito, S., Yamashita, Y.: Synthesis, physical properties, and
field-effect transistors of novel thiophene/thiazolothiazole co-oligomers. J. Mater. Chem. 14,
1787–1790 (2004)
17. Ando, S., Nishida, J., Fujiwara, E., Tada, H., Inoue, Y., Tokito, S., Yamashita, Y.: Characterization and field-effect transistor performance of heterocyclic oligomers containing a
thiazolothiazole unit. Chem. Lett. 33, 1170–1171 (2004)
I. Osaka
Acknowledgements The author is grateful to KAKENHI (24685030 and 16H04196) from
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science and Precursory Research for Embryonic Science
and Technology (PRESTO) and the Advanced Low Carbon Technology Research and Development (ALCA) Programs from Japan Science and Technology Agency for funding. The
author thanks Dr. M. Saito, Dr. K. Kawashima, Dr. Y. Tamai, Dr. V. Vohra, Dr. T.
Koganezawa, Prof. K. Takimiya, Prof. H. Murata, Prof. H. Yoshida, Prof. Y. Ie, and Prof. H. Ohkita
for their collaborative works.
References
1. Brabec, C., Scherf, U., Doyakonov, V.: Organic Photovoltaics: Materials, Device Physics, and
Manufacturing Technologies, Wiley-VCH (2008)
2. Liang, Y., Xu, Z., Xia, J., Tsai, S.-T., Wu, Y., Li, G., Ray, C., Yu, L.: For the bright future—bulk
heterojunction polymer solar cells with power conversion efficiency of 7.4%. Adv. Mater. 22,
E135–E138 (2010)
3. Vohra, V., Kawashima, K., Kakara, T., Koganezawa, T., Osaka, I., Takimiya, K., Murata, H.:
Efficient inverted polymer solar cells employing favourable molecular orientation. Nat. Photon
9, 403–408 (2015)
4. Yuan, J., Zhang, Y., Zhou, L., Zhang, G., Yip, H.-L., Lau, T.K., Lu, X., Zhu, C., Peng, H.,
Johnson, P.A., Leclerc, M., Cao, Y., Ulanski, J., Li, Y., Zou, Y.: Single-junction organic solar
cell with over 15% efficiency using fused-ring acceptor with electron-deficient core. Joule 3,
1140 (2019)
5. Tang, C.W.: Two-layer organic photovoltaic cell. Appl. Phys. Lett. 48, 183–185 (1986)
6. Hiramoto, M., Fujiwara, H., Yokoyama, M.: Three-layered organic solar cell with a photoactive
interlayer of codeposited pigments. Appl. Phys. Lett. 58, 1062–1064 (1991)
7. Yu, G., Gao, J., Hummelen, J.C., Wudl, F., Heeger, A.J.: Polymer photovoltaic cells: enhanced
efficiencies via a network of internal donor-acceptor heterojunctions. Science 270, 1789–1790
(1995)
8. Gnes, S., Neugebauer, H., Sariciftci, N.S.: Conjugated polymer-based organic solar cells. Chem.
Rev. 107, 1324–1338 (2007)
9. Osaka, I., McCullough, R.D.: Advances in molecular design and synthesis of regioregular
polythiophenes. Acc. Chem. Res. 41, 1202–1214 (2008)
10. Li, G., Shrotriya, V., Huang, J., Yao, Y., Moriarty, T., Emery, K., Yang, Y.: High-efficiency
solution processable polymer photovoltaic cells by self-organization of polymer blends. Nat.
Mater. 4, 864–868 (2005)
11. Zhao, G., He, Y., Li, Y.: 6.5% Efficiency of polymer solar cells based on poly(3-hexylthiophene)
and indene-C60 bisadduct by device optimization. Adv. Mater. 22, 4355–4358 (2010)
12. Dennler, G., Scharber, M.C., Brabec, C.J.: Polymer-fullerene bulk-heterojunction solar cells.
Adv. Mater. 21, 1323–1338 (2009)
13. Biniek, L., Schroeder, B.C., Nielsen, C.B., McCulloch, I.: Recent advances in high mobility
donor–acceptor semiconducting polymers. J. Mater. Chem. 22, 14803–14813 (2012)
14. Mühlbacher, D., Scharber, M., Morana, M., Zhu, Z., Waller, D., Gaudiana, R., Brabec, C.: High
photovoltaic performance of a low-bandgap polymer. Adv. Mater. 18, 2884–2889 (2006)
15. Osaka, I., Takimiya, K.: Backbone orientation in semiconducting polymers. Polymer 59, A1–
A15 (2015)
16. Ando, S., Nishida, J., Inoue, Y., Tokito, S., Yamashita, Y.: Synthesis, physical properties, and
field-effect transistors of novel thiophene/thiazolothiazole co-oligomers. J. Mater. Chem. 14,
1787–1790 (2004)
17. Ando, S., Nishida, J., Fujiwara, E., Tada, H., Inoue, Y., Tokito, S., Yamashita, Y.: Characterization and field-effect transistor performance of heterocyclic oligomers containing a
thiazolothiazole unit. Chem. Lett. 33, 1170–1171 (2004)