193
Matko, S., Toldy, A., Keszei, S., Anna, P., Bertalan, G., & Marosi, G. (2005). Flame retardancy
of biodegradable polymers and biocomposites. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 88(1),
138–145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2004.02.023.
Ménard, R., Negrell, C., Fache, M., Ferry, L., Sonnier, R., & David, G. (2015). From a bio-based
phosphorus-containing epoxy monomer to fully bio-based flame-retardant thermosets. RSC
Advances, 5(87), 70856–70867. https://doi.org/10.1039/c5ra12859e.
Mitchell, J. W., Morgan, A. B., & Wilkie, C. A. (2014). The history and future trends of nonhalogenated flame retarded polymers. In A. B. Morgan & C. A. Wilkie (Eds.), Non-halogenated
flame retardant handbook (pp. 1–16). Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118939239.ch1.
Modesti, M., Zanella, L., Lorenzetti, A., Bertani, R., & Gleria, M. (2005). Thermally stable hybrid
foams based on cyclophosphazenes and polyurethanes. Polymer Degradation and Stability,
87(2), 287–292. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2004.07.023.
Moon, J., Kwak, S. B., Lee, J. Y., Kim, D., Ha, J. U., & Oh, J. S. (2019). Synthesis of polyurethane foam from ultrasonically decrosslinked automotive seat cushions. Waste Management,
85, 557–562. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2019.01.018.
Paciorek-Sadowska, J., Borowicz, M., Czupryński, B., Tomaszewska, E., & Liszkowska, J. (2018).
Oenothera biennis seed oil as an alternative raw material for production of bio-polyol for rigid
polyurethane-polyisocyanurate foams. Industrial Crops and Products, 126, 208–217. https://
doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2018.10.019.
Polylactic acid (PLA) market by application (packaging, catering, technical material, agriculture,
consumer goods, construction materials) – growth, share, opportunities & competitive analysis,
2016–2022. Available in: http://www.credenceresearch.com/report/polylactic-acid-market
Price, D., Pyrah, K., Hull, T. R., Milnes, G. J., Ebdon, J. R., Hunt, B. J., Joseph, P., & Konkel,
C. S. (2001). Flame retarding poly(methyl methacrylate) with phosphorus-containing compounds: Comparison of an additive with a reactive approach. Polymer Degradation and
Stability, 74(3), 441–447. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0141-3910(01)00184-7.
Price, D., Pyrah, K., Hull, T. R., Milnes, G. J., Ebdon, J. R., Hunt, B. J., & Joseph, P. (2002).
Flame retardance of poly(methyl methacrylate) modified with phosphorus-containing compounds. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 77(2), 227–233. https://doi.org/10.1016/
s0141-3910(02)00038-1.
Price, D., Cunliffe, L. K., Bullet, K. J., Hull, T. R., Milnes, G. J., Ebdon, J. R., Hunt, B. J., &
Joseph, P. (2008). Thermal behavior of covalently bonded phosphonate flame-retarded
poly(methyl methacrylate) systems. Polymers for Advanced Technologies, 19(6), 710–723.
https://doi.org/10.1002/pat.1167.
Qian, X., Pan, H., Yi Xing, W., Song, L., Yuen, R. K., & Hu, Y. (2011). Thermal properties of
novel 9, 10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene 10-oxide-based organic/inorganic hybrid
materials prepared by sol-gel and UV-curing processes. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry
Research, 51(1), 85–94. https://doi.org/10.1021/ie2017493.
Rad, E. R., Vahabi, H., de Anda, A. R., Saeb, M. R., & Thomas, S. (2019). Bio-epoxy resins
with inherent flame retardancy. Progress in Organic Coatings, 135, 608–612. https://doi.
org/10.1016/j.porgcoat.2019.05.046.
Rakotomalala, M., Wagner, S., & Döring, M. (2010). Recent developments in halogen free
flame retardants for epoxy resins for electrical and electronic applications. Materials, 3(8),
4300–4327. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma3084300.
Ramanujam, S., Zequine, C., Bhoyate, S., Neria, B., Kahol, P. K., & Gupta, R. K. (2019). Novel
biobased polyol using corn oil for highly flame-retardant polyurethane foams, 5(1), 13. https://
doi.org/10.3390/c5010013.
Ranaweera, C. K., Ionescu, M., Bilic, N., Wan, X., Kahol, P. K., & Gupta, R. K. (2017). Biobased
polyols using thiol-ene chemistry for rigid polyurethane foams with enhanced flameretardant properties. Journal of Renewable Materials, 5(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.7569/
jrm.2017.634105.
Ridgway, J. S. (1988). Nylon 6, 6 copolyamides of bis(2-carboxyethyl) methylphosphine
oxide. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 35(1), 215–227. https://doi.org/10.1002/
app.1988.070350116.
8 Flame Retardancy of Reactive and Functional Polymers
Matko, S., Toldy, A., Keszei, S., Anna, P., Bertalan, G., & Marosi, G. (2005). Flame retardancy
of biodegradable polymers and biocomposites. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 88(1),
138–145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2004.02.023.
Ménard, R., Negrell, C., Fache, M., Ferry, L., Sonnier, R., & David, G. (2015). From a bio-based
phosphorus-containing epoxy monomer to fully bio-based flame-retardant thermosets. RSC
Advances, 5(87), 70856–70867. https://doi.org/10.1039/c5ra12859e.
Mitchell, J. W., Morgan, A. B., & Wilkie, C. A. (2014). The history and future trends of nonhalogenated flame retarded polymers. In A. B. Morgan & C. A. Wilkie (Eds.), Non-halogenated
flame retardant handbook (pp. 1–16). Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118939239.ch1.
Modesti, M., Zanella, L., Lorenzetti, A., Bertani, R., & Gleria, M. (2005). Thermally stable hybrid
foams based on cyclophosphazenes and polyurethanes. Polymer Degradation and Stability,
87(2), 287–292. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2004.07.023.
Moon, J., Kwak, S. B., Lee, J. Y., Kim, D., Ha, J. U., & Oh, J. S. (2019). Synthesis of polyurethane foam from ultrasonically decrosslinked automotive seat cushions. Waste Management,
85, 557–562. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2019.01.018.
Paciorek-Sadowska, J., Borowicz, M., Czupryński, B., Tomaszewska, E., & Liszkowska, J. (2018).
Oenothera biennis seed oil as an alternative raw material for production of bio-polyol for rigid
polyurethane-polyisocyanurate foams. Industrial Crops and Products, 126, 208–217. https://
doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2018.10.019.
Polylactic acid (PLA) market by application (packaging, catering, technical material, agriculture,
consumer goods, construction materials) – growth, share, opportunities & competitive analysis,
2016–2022. Available in: http://www.credenceresearch.com/report/polylactic-acid-market
Price, D., Pyrah, K., Hull, T. R., Milnes, G. J., Ebdon, J. R., Hunt, B. J., Joseph, P., & Konkel,
C. S. (2001). Flame retarding poly(methyl methacrylate) with phosphorus-containing compounds: Comparison of an additive with a reactive approach. Polymer Degradation and
Stability, 74(3), 441–447. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0141-3910(01)00184-7.
Price, D., Pyrah, K., Hull, T. R., Milnes, G. J., Ebdon, J. R., Hunt, B. J., & Joseph, P. (2002).
Flame retardance of poly(methyl methacrylate) modified with phosphorus-containing compounds. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 77(2), 227–233. https://doi.org/10.1016/
s0141-3910(02)00038-1.
Price, D., Cunliffe, L. K., Bullet, K. J., Hull, T. R., Milnes, G. J., Ebdon, J. R., Hunt, B. J., &
Joseph, P. (2008). Thermal behavior of covalently bonded phosphonate flame-retarded
poly(methyl methacrylate) systems. Polymers for Advanced Technologies, 19(6), 710–723.
https://doi.org/10.1002/pat.1167.
Qian, X., Pan, H., Yi Xing, W., Song, L., Yuen, R. K., & Hu, Y. (2011). Thermal properties of
novel 9, 10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene 10-oxide-based organic/inorganic hybrid
materials prepared by sol-gel and UV-curing processes. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry
Research, 51(1), 85–94. https://doi.org/10.1021/ie2017493.
Rad, E. R., Vahabi, H., de Anda, A. R., Saeb, M. R., & Thomas, S. (2019). Bio-epoxy resins
with inherent flame retardancy. Progress in Organic Coatings, 135, 608–612. https://doi.
org/10.1016/j.porgcoat.2019.05.046.
Rakotomalala, M., Wagner, S., & Döring, M. (2010). Recent developments in halogen free
flame retardants for epoxy resins for electrical and electronic applications. Materials, 3(8),
4300–4327. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma3084300.
Ramanujam, S., Zequine, C., Bhoyate, S., Neria, B., Kahol, P. K., & Gupta, R. K. (2019). Novel
biobased polyol using corn oil for highly flame-retardant polyurethane foams, 5(1), 13. https://
doi.org/10.3390/c5010013.
Ranaweera, C. K., Ionescu, M., Bilic, N., Wan, X., Kahol, P. K., & Gupta, R. K. (2017). Biobased
polyols using thiol-ene chemistry for rigid polyurethane foams with enhanced flameretardant properties. Journal of Renewable Materials, 5(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.7569/
jrm.2017.634105.
Ridgway, J. S. (1988). Nylon 6, 6 copolyamides of bis(2-carboxyethyl) methylphosphine
oxide. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 35(1), 215–227. https://doi.org/10.1002/
app.1988.070350116.
8 Flame Retardancy of Reactive and Functional Polymers