279
Caspian region, 155
diversification, 154
Northern Stream 2 project, 155
supply source and route, 155
Southern Gas Corridor (SGC), 191, 196,
218, 230
Soviet Union, 238, 239
Special Envoy for Eurasian Energy, 148
Special Envoy for Eurasian Energy by the
Obama Administration, 244
Stateless zones, 143
Stokes, Doug, 29
Structural realism, 5, 6, 14
Swiss-Dutch oil trading, 191
T
Tengiz oil field, 63, 64
The North–South Transport Corridor
(INSTC), 88
Theory of neoreality, 23
Trade and Transport, 186
Trade deficit, 154
Traditional US alliance system, 226
Trans-Adriatic Pipeline (TAP), 95, 111,
116, 117
Trans-Anatolian Gas Pipeline (TANAP)
project, 81, 111, 116, 121
Transatlantic Trade and Investment
Partnership, 171
Trans-Caspian gas, 166
Trans-Caspian pipeline, 119, 187, 196, 197
Trans-Pacific Partnership, 171
Transport Corridor Europe-Caucasus
(TRACECA) project, 185
Transportation revenues, 53
Transregional powers, 137
Turkey
construction companies, 84–86
in democracy and human rights, 83
energy discourse, 82
energy projects, 81
energy strategy, 83, 84
International pipeline projects, 82
Kirkuk-Ceyhan oil pipeline, 81
political model, 82, 83
security and stability, 81
strategic plan, 83
TANAP project, 81
Turkmenistan, 187, 244
Caspian sea, 69
and China, 69
natural gas reserves, 68
pipelines, 69
Turkmenistan-Afghanistan-Pakistan-India
(TAPI), 35, 117, 186, 242, 243
Turkmenistan-Iran gas connection, 142
U
UGTEP Program, 152
UN Convention, 107
UNCLOS (UN Convention on the Law of the
Sea, 1982), 108
Unilateral relations, 138
Unilateralism, 140
United Nations 1982 Convention on the Law
of the Sea, 109
United States Energy Association (USEA), 18
US Caspian Policy
under the Bush era, 239, 240
under the Obama era, 240, 241
under the Trump era, 247
US Central Asia policy, 192
US corporate money, 126
US diplomacy, 167, 238
US disengagement, 168
US energy boom, 174, 175
US energy demands, 132
US energy diplomats, 167
US energy exports, 158
US energy policy, 177
America’s domestic resources, 177
capacity building, 179
Caspian Sea region, 177
Central Asia, 177
energy agenda, 179
energy security, 179
global energy, 177
global price oscillations, 180
Iran sanctions, 182
LNG terminals, 180–182
managing potential, 179
OPEC, 177, 178
petroleum, 180
priorities, 179
production, 178
sanctions, 177, 178
shale gas development challenges,
182, 183
2008 Financial Crisis, 179
US energy policymakers, 238
US foreign policy, 15–17, 26, 32, 35, 135,
137, 156, 174
and Shale Gas Revolution, 246
US industrial production, 174
US influence, 238
US involvement, 168
Index
Caspian region, 155
diversification, 154
Northern Stream 2 project, 155
supply source and route, 155
Southern Gas Corridor (SGC), 191, 196,
218, 230
Soviet Union, 238, 239
Special Envoy for Eurasian Energy, 148
Special Envoy for Eurasian Energy by the
Obama Administration, 244
Stateless zones, 143
Stokes, Doug, 29
Structural realism, 5, 6, 14
Swiss-Dutch oil trading, 191
T
Tengiz oil field, 63, 64
The North–South Transport Corridor
(INSTC), 88
Theory of neoreality, 23
Trade and Transport, 186
Trade deficit, 154
Traditional US alliance system, 226
Trans-Adriatic Pipeline (TAP), 95, 111,
116, 117
Trans-Anatolian Gas Pipeline (TANAP)
project, 81, 111, 116, 121
Transatlantic Trade and Investment
Partnership, 171
Trans-Caspian gas, 166
Trans-Caspian pipeline, 119, 187, 196, 197
Trans-Pacific Partnership, 171
Transport Corridor Europe-Caucasus
(TRACECA) project, 185
Transportation revenues, 53
Transregional powers, 137
Turkey
construction companies, 84–86
in democracy and human rights, 83
energy discourse, 82
energy projects, 81
energy strategy, 83, 84
International pipeline projects, 82
Kirkuk-Ceyhan oil pipeline, 81
political model, 82, 83
security and stability, 81
strategic plan, 83
TANAP project, 81
Turkmenistan, 187, 244
Caspian sea, 69
and China, 69
natural gas reserves, 68
pipelines, 69
Turkmenistan-Afghanistan-Pakistan-India
(TAPI), 35, 117, 186, 242, 243
Turkmenistan-Iran gas connection, 142
U
UGTEP Program, 152
UN Convention, 107
UNCLOS (UN Convention on the Law of the
Sea, 1982), 108
Unilateral relations, 138
Unilateralism, 140
United Nations 1982 Convention on the Law
of the Sea, 109
United States Energy Association (USEA), 18
US Caspian Policy
under the Bush era, 239, 240
under the Obama era, 240, 241
under the Trump era, 247
US Central Asia policy, 192
US corporate money, 126
US diplomacy, 167, 238
US disengagement, 168
US energy boom, 174, 175
US energy demands, 132
US energy diplomats, 167
US energy exports, 158
US energy policy, 177
America’s domestic resources, 177
capacity building, 179
Caspian Sea region, 177
Central Asia, 177
energy agenda, 179
energy security, 179
global energy, 177
global price oscillations, 180
Iran sanctions, 182
LNG terminals, 180–182
managing potential, 179
OPEC, 177, 178
petroleum, 180
priorities, 179
production, 178
sanctions, 177, 178
shale gas development challenges,
182, 183
2008 Financial Crisis, 179
US energy policymakers, 238
US foreign policy, 15–17, 26, 32, 35, 135,
137, 156, 174
and Shale Gas Revolution, 246
US industrial production, 174
US influence, 238
US involvement, 168
Index