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21. Creating a culture that encourages walking, biking, and using public transport,
as well as extensive investment in public transportation, such as the American
Bus and Metro Network. (www.smartgrid.gov 2017)
All-of-the-Above Energy Policy
Obama’s All-of-the-Above energy policy aimed to make the US more energy independent in general. After Obama took office, one of his priorities was to address
climate change and greenhouse emissions. Over the course of his presidency,
domestic energy-related emissions fell to their lowest levels in the previous 20 years.
Furthermore, US dependency on foreign oil decreased during this period, with the
US producing more oil, gas, and renewable energies, and becoming more energy
efficient overall (www.obamawhitehouse.archives.gov 2016b). All these developments in the US energy sector increased the country’s energy security and cut carbon emissions while helping boost US economic growth (www.obamawhitehouse.
archives.gov 2016b). The All-of-the-Above strategy can be outlined as follows:
• Reducing Dependence on Foreign Oil
• Safe and Responsible Domestic Oil and Gas Production.
• Carbon Capture and Sequestration Technologies.
• Advancing Clean Energy.
• Advancing Energy Efficiency.
• Developing Clean Fuels.
• Investing in Coal Communities, Workers, and Technology: The POWER+ Plan
(www.obamawhitehouse.archives.gov 2016b)
In many speeches and media interviews, Obama referred to the All-of-the-Above
policy with future US energy demands in mind, and identified it as a vital step in
ensuring an economically and environmentally sustainable future for the country:
Since taking office, I have supported an all-of-the-above energy approach that will allow us
to take control of our energy future, one where we safely and responsibly develop America’s
many energy resources—including natural gas, wind, solar, oil, clean coal, and biofuels—
while investing in clean energy and increasing fuel efficiency standards to reduce our
dependence on foreign oil. I know the country that harnesses the power of clean, renewable
energy will lead the global economy in the 21st century. That’s why I have made the largest
investment in clean energy and energy efficiency in American history and proposed an
ambitious Clean Energy Standard to generate 80% of our electricity from clean energy
sources like wind, solar, clean coal, and natural gas by 2035. (www.ontheissues.org 2016)
The shale gas revolution which took place during Obama’s terms in office succeeded in producing enough gas to meet US domestic consumption, even paving the
way for export projects. The Obama Administration thus succeeded in detaching the
US from its dependence on supplies from the Middle East and Venezuela:
5 US Energy Diplomacy Under the Obama Administration
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