131
their exchange rates and, as a result, makes imports more expensive and cheapens
their exports. Such a process would create grounds for the reduction of national
income in the field of development and indirectly affect the global economy
(Mosalla Nezhad 2016:196).
Any changes in the pricing of oil in the global economy can have an impact on
strategic issues. The impact and consequences of oil prices, the global consumer
goods market, as well as other issues, including the financial crisis of the US economy on the results of the US strategic boycott. Today, national economies have been
largely interconnected, and economic issues have found organic relationships with
the strategic imperatives of different countries, including major powers (Mosalla
Nezhad 2016:196).
The economic policy of oil should be considered as a factor that affects the
global, regional, and political economy of countries. The greater the entanglement
and dependence of economies on one another, the greater their impact on one
another; on the other hand, the tensions of economies in each other are directly
related to their influence. In such a situation, the economic impact of commodities
such as oil is a reflection of the effectiveness of the global economy on strategic
issues. Therefore, the application of the security patterns of major powers and actors
in global politics should be analyzed based on the impact of any military action and
its position on policymaking of the political economy of oil in the global system
(Amuzegar 1983:12).
Increasing the role of countries with an oil economy is conditional in international political equilibrium. Policymaking of the political economy of oil is carried
out at three levels: national, regional, and international, each of which has the same
organic relationship and influences the formation of another political economy. The
economies of oil-exporting countries and oil states reflect the extreme form of
resource-dependent economies, which is normal. This extremism is reflected, in
particular, in the high dependence of the economy on a single source called the
income of oil. A huge puzzle is a phenomenon that shows the wealth of natural
resources in the first stage of economic growth, but this process will be reduced in
the long run. There are few oil countries whose economic growth is above the average of the countries lacking natural resources in the global economy (Mosalla
Nezhad 2016:180).
Most energy producers are deeply dependent on oil revenues because of their
economies of scale. Any disturbances in the production and transfer of energy to the
market can affect the economy of these countries. In addition, lowering energy
prices also bring about economic challenges. In addition to the economy, these fluctuations in the long run can also affect other aspects of a state such as culture, society, politics, and even the legitimacy of that state. It is therefore essential for
energy-producing countries to adopt appropriate policies and diplomacy in order to
ensure their energy security. The diversity of supply sources and supply areas, the
development of energy transmission infrastructure, the attraction of investment (foreign and indigenous) in the oil and gas industry, and the active participation in
international energy markets is one of these policies (Yari and Rezai 2017:25–36).
Fluctuations in the Dollar Exchange Rate and Oil Price Changes
their exchange rates and, as a result, makes imports more expensive and cheapens
their exports. Such a process would create grounds for the reduction of national
income in the field of development and indirectly affect the global economy
(Mosalla Nezhad 2016:196).
Any changes in the pricing of oil in the global economy can have an impact on
strategic issues. The impact and consequences of oil prices, the global consumer
goods market, as well as other issues, including the financial crisis of the US economy on the results of the US strategic boycott. Today, national economies have been
largely interconnected, and economic issues have found organic relationships with
the strategic imperatives of different countries, including major powers (Mosalla
Nezhad 2016:196).
The economic policy of oil should be considered as a factor that affects the
global, regional, and political economy of countries. The greater the entanglement
and dependence of economies on one another, the greater their impact on one
another; on the other hand, the tensions of economies in each other are directly
related to their influence. In such a situation, the economic impact of commodities
such as oil is a reflection of the effectiveness of the global economy on strategic
issues. Therefore, the application of the security patterns of major powers and actors
in global politics should be analyzed based on the impact of any military action and
its position on policymaking of the political economy of oil in the global system
(Amuzegar 1983:12).
Increasing the role of countries with an oil economy is conditional in international political equilibrium. Policymaking of the political economy of oil is carried
out at three levels: national, regional, and international, each of which has the same
organic relationship and influences the formation of another political economy. The
economies of oil-exporting countries and oil states reflect the extreme form of
resource-dependent economies, which is normal. This extremism is reflected, in
particular, in the high dependence of the economy on a single source called the
income of oil. A huge puzzle is a phenomenon that shows the wealth of natural
resources in the first stage of economic growth, but this process will be reduced in
the long run. There are few oil countries whose economic growth is above the average of the countries lacking natural resources in the global economy (Mosalla
Nezhad 2016:180).
Most energy producers are deeply dependent on oil revenues because of their
economies of scale. Any disturbances in the production and transfer of energy to the
market can affect the economy of these countries. In addition, lowering energy
prices also bring about economic challenges. In addition to the economy, these fluctuations in the long run can also affect other aspects of a state such as culture, society, politics, and even the legitimacy of that state. It is therefore essential for
energy-producing countries to adopt appropriate policies and diplomacy in order to
ensure their energy security. The diversity of supply sources and supply areas, the
development of energy transmission infrastructure, the attraction of investment (foreign and indigenous) in the oil and gas industry, and the active participation in
international energy markets is one of these policies (Yari and Rezai 2017:25–36).
Fluctuations in the Dollar Exchange Rate and Oil Price Changes