103. Leang C, Ueki T, Nevin KP, Lovley DR (2013) A genetic system for Clostridium
ljungdahlii: a chassis for autotrophic production of biocommodities and a model
homoacetogen. Appl Environ Microbiol 79:1102–1109
104. Shin J, Kang S, Song Y, Jin S, Lee JS, Lee J-K, Kim DR, Kim SC, Cho S, Cho B-K (2019)
Genome engineering of Eubacterium limosum using expanded genetic tools and the
CRISPR-Cas9 system. ACS Synth Biol 8:2059–2068
105. Basen M, Geiger I, Henke L, Müller V (2018) A genetic system for the thermophilic
acetogenic bacterium Thermoanaerobacter kivui. Appl Environ Microbiol 84:e02210-02217
106. Banerjee A, Leang C, Ueki T, Nevin KP, Lovley DR (2014) Lactose-inducible system for
metabolic engineering of Clostridium ljungdahlii. Appl Environ Microbiol 80:2410–2416
107. Hoffmeister S, Gerdom M, Bengelsdorf FR, Linder S, Fluchter S, Oztürk H, Blumke W,
May A, Fischer RJ, Bahl H, Dürre P (2016) Acetone production with metabolically
engineered strains of Acetobacterium woodii. Metab Eng 36:37–47
108. Jones SW, Fast AG, Carlson ED, Wiedel CA, Au J, Antoniewicz MR, Papoutsakis ET,
Tracy BP (2016) CO 2 fixation by anaerobic non-photosynthetic mixotrophy for improved
carbon conversion. Nat Commun 7:12800
109. Mozejko-Ciesielska J, Kiewisz R (2016) Bacterial polyhydroxyalkanoates: Still fabulous?
Microbiol Res 192:271–282
110. Woolston BM, Emerson DF, Currie DH, Stephanopoulos G (2018) Rediverting carbon flux
in Clostridium ljungdahlii using CRISPR interference (CRISPRi). Metab Eng 48:243–253
111. de Souza Pinto Lemgruber R, Valgepea K, Tappel R, Behrendorff JB, Palfreyman RW,
Plan M, Hodson MP, Simpson SD, Nielsen LK, Köpke M, Marcellin E (2019) Systems-level
engineering and characterisation of Clostridium autoethanogenum through heterologous
production of poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB). Metab Eng 53:14–23
112. Flüchter S, Follonier S, Schiel-Bengelsdorf B, Bengelsdorf FR, Zinn M, Dürre P (2019)
Anaerobic production of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) and its precursor 3-hydroxybutyrate from
synthesis gas by autotrophic clostridia. Biomacromol 20:3271–3282
113. Worden RM, Grethlein AJ, Jain MK, Datta R (1991) Production of butanol and ethanol from
synthesis gas via fermentation. Fuel 70:615–619
114. Lynd LH, Kerby R, Zeikus JG (1982) Carbon monoxide metabolism of the methylotrophic
acidogen Butyribacterium methylotrophicum. J Bacteriol 149:255–263
115. Lynd LH, Zeikus JG (1983) Metabolism of H 2 -CO 2 , methanol, and glucose by
Butyribacterium methylotrophicum. J Bacteriol 153:1415–1423
116. Zahn JA, Saxena J (2011) Novel ethanologenic species Clostridium coskatii. US Patent
8143037
117. Tanner RS, Miller LM, Yang D (1993) Clostridium ljungdahlii sp. nov., an acetogenic
species in clostridial rRNA homology Group-I. Int J Syst Bact 43:232–236
118. Daniel SL, Hsu T, Dean SI, Drake HL (1990) Characterization of the H 2 -dependent and
CO-dependent chemolithotrophic potentials of the acetogens Clostridium thermoaceticum
and Acetogenium kivui. J Bacteriol 172:4464–4471
119. Leigh JA, Mayer F, Wolfe RS (1981) Acetogenium kivui, a new thermophilic
hydrogen-oxidizing, acetogenic bacterium. Arch Microbiol 129:275–280
130
D. Litty and V. Müller
ljungdahlii: a chassis for autotrophic production of biocommodities and a model
homoacetogen. Appl Environ Microbiol 79:1102–1109
104. Shin J, Kang S, Song Y, Jin S, Lee JS, Lee J-K, Kim DR, Kim SC, Cho S, Cho B-K (2019)
Genome engineering of Eubacterium limosum using expanded genetic tools and the
CRISPR-Cas9 system. ACS Synth Biol 8:2059–2068
105. Basen M, Geiger I, Henke L, Müller V (2018) A genetic system for the thermophilic
acetogenic bacterium Thermoanaerobacter kivui. Appl Environ Microbiol 84:e02210-02217
106. Banerjee A, Leang C, Ueki T, Nevin KP, Lovley DR (2014) Lactose-inducible system for
metabolic engineering of Clostridium ljungdahlii. Appl Environ Microbiol 80:2410–2416
107. Hoffmeister S, Gerdom M, Bengelsdorf FR, Linder S, Fluchter S, Oztürk H, Blumke W,
May A, Fischer RJ, Bahl H, Dürre P (2016) Acetone production with metabolically
engineered strains of Acetobacterium woodii. Metab Eng 36:37–47
108. Jones SW, Fast AG, Carlson ED, Wiedel CA, Au J, Antoniewicz MR, Papoutsakis ET,
Tracy BP (2016) CO 2 fixation by anaerobic non-photosynthetic mixotrophy for improved
carbon conversion. Nat Commun 7:12800
109. Mozejko-Ciesielska J, Kiewisz R (2016) Bacterial polyhydroxyalkanoates: Still fabulous?
Microbiol Res 192:271–282
110. Woolston BM, Emerson DF, Currie DH, Stephanopoulos G (2018) Rediverting carbon flux
in Clostridium ljungdahlii using CRISPR interference (CRISPRi). Metab Eng 48:243–253
111. de Souza Pinto Lemgruber R, Valgepea K, Tappel R, Behrendorff JB, Palfreyman RW,
Plan M, Hodson MP, Simpson SD, Nielsen LK, Köpke M, Marcellin E (2019) Systems-level
engineering and characterisation of Clostridium autoethanogenum through heterologous
production of poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB). Metab Eng 53:14–23
112. Flüchter S, Follonier S, Schiel-Bengelsdorf B, Bengelsdorf FR, Zinn M, Dürre P (2019)
Anaerobic production of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) and its precursor 3-hydroxybutyrate from
synthesis gas by autotrophic clostridia. Biomacromol 20:3271–3282
113. Worden RM, Grethlein AJ, Jain MK, Datta R (1991) Production of butanol and ethanol from
synthesis gas via fermentation. Fuel 70:615–619
114. Lynd LH, Kerby R, Zeikus JG (1982) Carbon monoxide metabolism of the methylotrophic
acidogen Butyribacterium methylotrophicum. J Bacteriol 149:255–263
115. Lynd LH, Zeikus JG (1983) Metabolism of H 2 -CO 2 , methanol, and glucose by
Butyribacterium methylotrophicum. J Bacteriol 153:1415–1423
116. Zahn JA, Saxena J (2011) Novel ethanologenic species Clostridium coskatii. US Patent
8143037
117. Tanner RS, Miller LM, Yang D (1993) Clostridium ljungdahlii sp. nov., an acetogenic
species in clostridial rRNA homology Group-I. Int J Syst Bact 43:232–236
118. Daniel SL, Hsu T, Dean SI, Drake HL (1990) Characterization of the H 2 -dependent and
CO-dependent chemolithotrophic potentials of the acetogens Clostridium thermoaceticum
and Acetogenium kivui. J Bacteriol 172:4464–4471
119. Leigh JA, Mayer F, Wolfe RS (1981) Acetogenium kivui, a new thermophilic
hydrogen-oxidizing, acetogenic bacterium. Arch Microbiol 129:275–280
130
D. Litty and V. Müller