Bathochromic shift, 173, 174
Beer–Lambert law, 189, 190f
Benzene
electronic structure, 168
p-orbitals, 176
ring, size of, 168–169
Bessel functions, defined, 121
BET adsorption isotherm, 240
Bilayer, 394
arrays of supported, 425–428
Bimolecular binding kinetics, 81–86
cooperativity of binding, 84–86
reversible binding, 81–84
Scatchard and Hill equations, 84–86
Bimolecular step, 78–79
Binding kinetics, bimolecular, 81–86
cooperativity of binding, 84–86
reversible binding, 81–84
Scatchard and Hill equations, 84–86
Bioconjugation, QDs, 362–363, 363f
Biological membranes, 396
Black lipid membranes, 397–398, 398f
Bohr radius, 6
Bottom-up approach, designing nanoscale
systems, 9
Boundary conditions
constraints of, 104
defined, 101, 102
ring model, 119
two- and three-dimensional models, 114
Bound systems and quantization, 99–101
Boxes, confinement of electrons in, 104–117
degeneracy, concept of, 113–117, 118f
one-dimensional model, 104–113
classical limit, approaching, 109–110
freely moving electrons on nanowire,
111–112
Hamiltonian operator, 105, 107
line segment model, 108
normalization of wavefunction, 101, 106–109
particle-on-a-line model, 110
Pauli exclusion principle, 111
two- and three-dimensional models, 113–117, 118f
Bragg equation, 213
Brownian motion, scattered light by, 208–209
Brunauer adsorption isotherm, 240
Bulk atoms, 23, 24f
Bulk characterization techniques, for nanomaterials,
181–214
light scattering methods, 201–211
absorption and, 201–202
DLS, 207–211
example, 207
by nanoparticles, 204
particle size using scattered light,
204–207
Raman spectroscopy, 203–204
Rayleigh and Raman scattering, 202–203
overview, 181
Index 461
Beer–Lambert law, 189, 190f
Benzene
electronic structure, 168
p-orbitals, 176
ring, size of, 168–169
Bessel functions, defined, 121
BET adsorption isotherm, 240
Bilayer, 394
arrays of supported, 425–428
Bimolecular binding kinetics, 81–86
cooperativity of binding, 84–86
reversible binding, 81–84
Scatchard and Hill equations, 84–86
Bimolecular step, 78–79
Binding kinetics, bimolecular, 81–86
cooperativity of binding, 84–86
reversible binding, 81–84
Scatchard and Hill equations, 84–86
Bioconjugation, QDs, 362–363, 363f
Biological membranes, 396
Black lipid membranes, 397–398, 398f
Bohr radius, 6
Bottom-up approach, designing nanoscale
systems, 9
Boundary conditions
constraints of, 104
defined, 101, 102
ring model, 119
two- and three-dimensional models, 114
Bound systems and quantization, 99–101
Boxes, confinement of electrons in, 104–117
degeneracy, concept of, 113–117, 118f
one-dimensional model, 104–113
classical limit, approaching, 109–110
freely moving electrons on nanowire,
111–112
Hamiltonian operator, 105, 107
line segment model, 108
normalization of wavefunction, 101, 106–109
particle-on-a-line model, 110
Pauli exclusion principle, 111
two- and three-dimensional models, 113–117, 118f
Bragg equation, 213
Brownian motion, scattered light by, 208–209
Brunauer adsorption isotherm, 240
Bulk atoms, 23, 24f
Bulk characterization techniques, for nanomaterials,
181–214
light scattering methods, 201–211
absorption and, 201–202
DLS, 207–211
example, 207
by nanoparticles, 204
particle size using scattered light,
204–207
Raman spectroscopy, 203–204
Rayleigh and Raman scattering, 202–203
overview, 181
Index 461