1 How to Respond to Energy Transitions in Africa …
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Table 1.1 Hydrocarbons resources in developing countries
Country
Resource
Reserves
Key highlights
South Africa
Coal
The country has an
estimated 30 billion
tonnes of coal
representing 3.5%
of the world’s coal
resources
Accounts for 3.3% of
the world’s annual
coal production
Coal provides 82% of
the power
generated by
state-owned power
utility Esko a
Sixth largest
coal-exporting
nation in the world;
exports account to
6% of total global
exports b
Ghana
Oil
Ghana has
approximately 2.5bn
barrels of proven oil
resources; 94% of
the oil resources are
located offshore and
the remainder
onshore
There has been an
increase in crude oil
exports.
Consequently, in
2018, from January
to August, crude oil
exports surpassed
cocoa export
revenues for the first
time
Mozambique
Gas
approximately 204,750
bcf of proven gas
resources, of which
90% are located
offshore and the
remainder onshore
FDI in the country is
expected to increase
highly
Angola
Oil and
gas
Has approximately
17.6bn barrels of oil
resources, almost
95% of which are
located offshore
As of 2017, the
country had almost
33,000bcf gas
oil represents
one-third of the
economy and 95%
of exports
SSA’s second-largest
oil producer, with
the second most
extensive oil
resources
a Besides electricity the other sectors that rely on coal include; the liquid fuels
manufacture sector; and the basic iron and steel industry. Together, these three
sectors account for more than 80% of domestic coal demand in terms of value
and approximately 70% in terms of volumes
b Additionally, indirectly, the coal industry is responsible for creating and
sustaining over 170,000 jobs outside the industry. See, Chamber of Mines,
National Coal Strategy for South Africa, 2018