Influence of Nanofillers Concentration
on Physical and Mechanical
Characteristics of Their Polymer
Composites
K. Ivanenko, L. M. Ushakova, T. Avramenko, S. Revo, M. T. Kartel,
and Yu. I. Sementsov
1 Introduction
Physical and mechanical characteristics (strength, creep, toughness, etc.) are among
the most important characteristics of the material that determine its performance
regardless of functional purpose.
Due to the combination of mechanical, thermal, and electrophysical properties that
are inherent in carbon nanotubes (CNTs), there is a constant expansion of the spectrum not only of their application but also of the possibilities of use for fundamental
research.
The complex physical properties of nanotubes make them ideal fillers for polymer
composite materials [1–10]. Today, it is possible to significantly increase the thermal
conductivity of matrices and obtain leading polymers with a low concentration of
MWCNTs. Such materials are used to create conductive elements, battery electrodes,
sensors, protective screens, antistatic, and anticorrosive coatings and the like. At
the same time, mechanical properties, namely: the average modulus of elasticity of
MWCNTs is more than 1.8 TPa, (measured value—1.3 TPa) [11], tensile strength—
63 GPa [12] put them among the most promising reinforcing fillers in the creation
of composite materials with increased mechanical characteristics.
However, the tendency of CNTs to form agglomerates due to van der Waals forces
(0.5 eV/nm) is a limiting factor in realizing the potential of these materials [1, 4–
12]. For effective use of CNTs, it is important to ensure high homogeneity of their
K. Ivanenko · T. Avramenko · S. Revo (B)
Research Laboratory of Physics of Metals and Ceramics, Taras Shevchenko National University
of Kyiv, 64/13, Volodymyrska Street, Kyiv 01601, Ukraine
e-mail: s_revo@i.ua
L. M. Ushakova · M. T. Kartel · Yu. I. Sementsov
Department of Physics and Chemistry of Carbon Nanomaterials, O. Chuiko Institute of Surface
Chemistry National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 17, General Naumov Street, Kyiv 03164,
Ukraine
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021
O. Fesenko and L. Yatsenko (eds.), Nanomaterials and Nanocomposites,
Nanostructure Surfaces, and Their Applications, Springer Proceedings
in Physics 246, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51905-6_46
685
on Physical and Mechanical
Characteristics of Their Polymer
Composites
K. Ivanenko, L. M. Ushakova, T. Avramenko, S. Revo, M. T. Kartel,
and Yu. I. Sementsov
1 Introduction
Physical and mechanical characteristics (strength, creep, toughness, etc.) are among
the most important characteristics of the material that determine its performance
regardless of functional purpose.
Due to the combination of mechanical, thermal, and electrophysical properties that
are inherent in carbon nanotubes (CNTs), there is a constant expansion of the spectrum not only of their application but also of the possibilities of use for fundamental
research.
The complex physical properties of nanotubes make them ideal fillers for polymer
composite materials [1–10]. Today, it is possible to significantly increase the thermal
conductivity of matrices and obtain leading polymers with a low concentration of
MWCNTs. Such materials are used to create conductive elements, battery electrodes,
sensors, protective screens, antistatic, and anticorrosive coatings and the like. At
the same time, mechanical properties, namely: the average modulus of elasticity of
MWCNTs is more than 1.8 TPa, (measured value—1.3 TPa) [11], tensile strength—
63 GPa [12] put them among the most promising reinforcing fillers in the creation
of composite materials with increased mechanical characteristics.
However, the tendency of CNTs to form agglomerates due to van der Waals forces
(0.5 eV/nm) is a limiting factor in realizing the potential of these materials [1, 4–
12]. For effective use of CNTs, it is important to ensure high homogeneity of their
K. Ivanenko · T. Avramenko · S. Revo (B)
Research Laboratory of Physics of Metals and Ceramics, Taras Shevchenko National University
of Kyiv, 64/13, Volodymyrska Street, Kyiv 01601, Ukraine
e-mail: s_revo@i.ua
L. M. Ushakova · M. T. Kartel · Yu. I. Sementsov
Department of Physics and Chemistry of Carbon Nanomaterials, O. Chuiko Institute of Surface
Chemistry National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 17, General Naumov Street, Kyiv 03164,
Ukraine
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021
O. Fesenko and L. Yatsenko (eds.), Nanomaterials and Nanocomposites,
Nanostructure Surfaces, and Their Applications, Springer Proceedings
in Physics 246, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51905-6_46
685