30 Effect of a Hydrogen Sulfide-Containing Atmosphere on the Physical. . .
485
can reach 13.9 and 59%, respectively, after the treatment in pure hydrogen. Neither
7 nor 18 vol% ° 2 S in a hydrogenous atmosphere affects plasticity, strength, and
electrical conductivity of the material.
The hydrogenous atmosphere containing up to 7 vol% ° 2 S does not affect
the strength and electrical conductivity of the YSZ–Ni cermet. Increased content
of ° 2 S (18 vol%) causes some changes in the YSZ–Ni cermet structure due to
improvement of the reduction process and formation of a large number of fully
reduced tiny nickel particles which react with hydrogen sulfide. Multiple breaking
of the zirconia–nickel bonds occurs that results in reduced strength of the cermet
(by 39% as compared to as-received YSZ–NiO ceramics).
References
1. Sarantaridis D, Atkinson A (2007) Redox cycling of Ni-based solid oxide fuel cell anodes: a
review. Fuel Cells 3:246–258
2. Ettler M, Timmermann H, Malzbender J et al (2010) Durability of Ni anodes during reoxidation
cycles. J Power Sources 195:5452–5467
3. Vasyliv BD (2009) A procedure for the investigation of mechanical and physical properties of
ceramics under the conditions of biaxial bending of a disk specimen according to the ring–ring
scheme. Mater Sci 45(4):571–575
4. Vasyliv BD, Ostash OP, Podhurs’ka VY et al (2013) Method of treatment of NiO-containing
anodes of a solid oxide fuel cell [in Ukrainian]. Patent of Ukraine No. 78992. Published on
10.04.13, Bulletin No. 7
5. Vasyliv BD, Podhurs’ka VY, Ostash OP et al (2013) Influence of reducing and oxidizing
media on the physicomechanical properties of ScCeSZ–NiO and YSZ–NiO ceramics. Mater
Sci 49(2):135–144
6. Podhurs’ka VY, Vasyliv BD, Ostash OP et al (2014) Structural transformations in the NiOcontaining anode of ceramic fuel cells in the course of its reduction and oxidation. Mater Sci
49(6):805–811
7. Podhurska V, Vasyliv B, Ostash O et al (2016) Influence of treatment temperature on
microstructure and properties of YSZ–NiO anode materials. Nanoscale Res Lett 11:93.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s11671-016-1306-z
8. Alstrup I, Rostrup-Nielsen JR, Roen S (1981) High temperature hydrogen sulfide chemisorption on nickel catalysts. Appl Catal 1:303–314
9. Twigg MV (1996) Catalyst handbook, 2nd edn. Manson Publishing, Ltd, London
10. Primdahl S (1999) Nickel/yttria-stabilised zirconia cermet anodes for solid oxide fuel cells.
Dissertation, University of Twente, Faculty of Chemical Technology, The Netherlands, and
Riso National Laboratory, Materials Research Department, Denmark
11. Norheim A, Wærnhus I, Broström M et al (2007) Experimental studies on the influence of H2S
on solid oxide fuel cell performance at 800 ◦ C. Energy Fuel 21(2):1098–1101
12. Dees DW, Balachandran U, Dorris SE et al (1989) Interfacial effects in monolithic solid oxide
fuel cells. In: SOFC I: the electrochemical society proceedings series, Pennington, pp 317–321
13. Vasyliv B, Podhurska V, Ostash O (2017) Preconditioning of the YSZ-NiO fuel cell
anode in hydrogenous atmospheres containing water vapor. Nanoscale Res Lett 12:265.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s11671-017-2038-4
14. Van der Pauw L (1958) A method of measuring specific resistivity and hall effect of discs of
arbitrary shape. Philips Res Rep 13(1):1–9
485
can reach 13.9 and 59%, respectively, after the treatment in pure hydrogen. Neither
7 nor 18 vol% ° 2 S in a hydrogenous atmosphere affects plasticity, strength, and
electrical conductivity of the material.
The hydrogenous atmosphere containing up to 7 vol% ° 2 S does not affect
the strength and electrical conductivity of the YSZ–Ni cermet. Increased content
of ° 2 S (18 vol%) causes some changes in the YSZ–Ni cermet structure due to
improvement of the reduction process and formation of a large number of fully
reduced tiny nickel particles which react with hydrogen sulfide. Multiple breaking
of the zirconia–nickel bonds occurs that results in reduced strength of the cermet
(by 39% as compared to as-received YSZ–NiO ceramics).
References
1. Sarantaridis D, Atkinson A (2007) Redox cycling of Ni-based solid oxide fuel cell anodes: a
review. Fuel Cells 3:246–258
2. Ettler M, Timmermann H, Malzbender J et al (2010) Durability of Ni anodes during reoxidation
cycles. J Power Sources 195:5452–5467
3. Vasyliv BD (2009) A procedure for the investigation of mechanical and physical properties of
ceramics under the conditions of biaxial bending of a disk specimen according to the ring–ring
scheme. Mater Sci 45(4):571–575
4. Vasyliv BD, Ostash OP, Podhurs’ka VY et al (2013) Method of treatment of NiO-containing
anodes of a solid oxide fuel cell [in Ukrainian]. Patent of Ukraine No. 78992. Published on
10.04.13, Bulletin No. 7
5. Vasyliv BD, Podhurs’ka VY, Ostash OP et al (2013) Influence of reducing and oxidizing
media on the physicomechanical properties of ScCeSZ–NiO and YSZ–NiO ceramics. Mater
Sci 49(2):135–144
6. Podhurs’ka VY, Vasyliv BD, Ostash OP et al (2014) Structural transformations in the NiOcontaining anode of ceramic fuel cells in the course of its reduction and oxidation. Mater Sci
49(6):805–811
7. Podhurska V, Vasyliv B, Ostash O et al (2016) Influence of treatment temperature on
microstructure and properties of YSZ–NiO anode materials. Nanoscale Res Lett 11:93.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s11671-016-1306-z
8. Alstrup I, Rostrup-Nielsen JR, Roen S (1981) High temperature hydrogen sulfide chemisorption on nickel catalysts. Appl Catal 1:303–314
9. Twigg MV (1996) Catalyst handbook, 2nd edn. Manson Publishing, Ltd, London
10. Primdahl S (1999) Nickel/yttria-stabilised zirconia cermet anodes for solid oxide fuel cells.
Dissertation, University of Twente, Faculty of Chemical Technology, The Netherlands, and
Riso National Laboratory, Materials Research Department, Denmark
11. Norheim A, Wærnhus I, Broström M et al (2007) Experimental studies on the influence of H2S
on solid oxide fuel cell performance at 800 ◦ C. Energy Fuel 21(2):1098–1101
12. Dees DW, Balachandran U, Dorris SE et al (1989) Interfacial effects in monolithic solid oxide
fuel cells. In: SOFC I: the electrochemical society proceedings series, Pennington, pp 317–321
13. Vasyliv B, Podhurska V, Ostash O (2017) Preconditioning of the YSZ-NiO fuel cell
anode in hydrogenous atmospheres containing water vapor. Nanoscale Res Lett 12:265.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s11671-017-2038-4
14. Van der Pauw L (1958) A method of measuring specific resistivity and hall effect of discs of
arbitrary shape. Philips Res Rep 13(1):1–9