23 Ni Addition Induced Changes in Structural, Magnetic, and Cationic. . .
361
Fig. 23.1 (a) XRD pattern of
annealed
Zn 0.75−x Ni x Mg 0.15 Cu 0.1 Fe 2 O 4
system. Representative
Rietveld refinement for (b)
x = 0.00 and (c) x = 0.75
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
x = 0.75
x = 0.60
x = 0.45
x = 0.30
x = 0.15
x = 0.00
440
533
511
422
400
222
220
111
311
2 q (Degree)
(a)
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Y obs. - Y calc.
Bragg Position
2 q (Degree)
622
533
620
440
511
422
400
222
220
(x = 0.0)
(b)
311
Intensity (Arb. Units)
Intensity (Arb. Units)
Y obs.
Y calc.
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Y obs. - Y calc.
Bragg Position
2 q (Degree)
622
533
620
440
511
422
400
222
220
311
(x = 0.75)
(c)
Intensity (Arb. Units)
Y obs.
Y calc.
again the reaction condition favors the particle growth, attributed to different dry
gel formation time. High specific surface areas (S) of particles are tremendously
important for assorted catalytic processes. In general, high surface areas suggest
small particle sizes. The smaller the particle size, the larger the surface area. S