Runoff Prediction Using Artificial Neural Network …
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discharge, various models are used which require various types of data sets like
land use pattern, soil property, slope distribution, temperature variation, amount
of rainfall precipitated, and change of river stage in various times. Sometimes, all
types of required data may not be available at that catchment. Building a hydrologic
model in an ungauged area is sometimes difficult for the sake of expensive data
and its collection procedure. The soil conservation service–curve number (SCS-CN)
method is popular in RR modeling [15]. In 1969, the US Department of Agriculture
developed this lumped model for the prediction of hydrologic flow components.
This stable conceptual method correlates the catchment characteristics and climatic
factors through one entity called the curve number (CN). Soil infiltration capacity
and the amount of land cover in a watershed are the two essential parameters for CN
value determination. So, in this method, the model structure is simplified to avoid
the complexity, the model calibration can also be easily realized, and the runoff can
be reflected well [16]. A GIS helps to utilize spatially varied data of soil and land use
for generating curve numbers [17]. In this context, an attempt has been made in the
present research to compute the runoff using the SCS-CN method and also forecast
the runoff using ANN in a part of the Mayurakshi catchment.
2 Study Area
Mayurakshi river basin is chosen as the present study area. Mayurakshi river is a
significant river in Jharkhand and West Bengal. The origin of this river is Trikut
hill, about 16 km from Deoghar in Jharkhand. It flows from northwest direction to
southeast direction and meets with Hoogly river. The upper catchment of the river
experiences a hilly slope terrain. While traveling down to the mouth, it flows over
alluvial plains of Ganga.
The areal extent of the catchment is 5292 Km
2 . It lies between 86
o 50
13.2
and 88
o 09
39.6
E longitude and 23
o 37
58.8
and 24
o 37
48
N from its origin to the
Narayanpur located in Jamtara district of Jharkhand state and some extent including
Tilpara barrage. Figure 1 represents the study area in India and its enlarged view. In
the year 1956, the Massanjore Dam was constructed across Mayurakshi river at the
Dumka district in Jharkhand state. Tilpara barrage was constructed across the river
in the Birbhum District of West Bengal. The annual rainfall of the catchment varies
between 957 to 1455 mm, as analyzed from the data collected for the study with the
exception of more than 2400 mm for the year 2000.
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discharge, various models are used which require various types of data sets like
land use pattern, soil property, slope distribution, temperature variation, amount
of rainfall precipitated, and change of river stage in various times. Sometimes, all
types of required data may not be available at that catchment. Building a hydrologic
model in an ungauged area is sometimes difficult for the sake of expensive data
and its collection procedure. The soil conservation service–curve number (SCS-CN)
method is popular in RR modeling [15]. In 1969, the US Department of Agriculture
developed this lumped model for the prediction of hydrologic flow components.
This stable conceptual method correlates the catchment characteristics and climatic
factors through one entity called the curve number (CN). Soil infiltration capacity
and the amount of land cover in a watershed are the two essential parameters for CN
value determination. So, in this method, the model structure is simplified to avoid
the complexity, the model calibration can also be easily realized, and the runoff can
be reflected well [16]. A GIS helps to utilize spatially varied data of soil and land use
for generating curve numbers [17]. In this context, an attempt has been made in the
present research to compute the runoff using the SCS-CN method and also forecast
the runoff using ANN in a part of the Mayurakshi catchment.
2 Study Area
Mayurakshi river basin is chosen as the present study area. Mayurakshi river is a
significant river in Jharkhand and West Bengal. The origin of this river is Trikut
hill, about 16 km from Deoghar in Jharkhand. It flows from northwest direction to
southeast direction and meets with Hoogly river. The upper catchment of the river
experiences a hilly slope terrain. While traveling down to the mouth, it flows over
alluvial plains of Ganga.
The areal extent of the catchment is 5292 Km
2 . It lies between 86
o 50
13.2
and 88
o 09
39.6
E longitude and 23
o 37
58.8
and 24
o 37
48
N from its origin to the
Narayanpur located in Jamtara district of Jharkhand state and some extent including
Tilpara barrage. Figure 1 represents the study area in India and its enlarged view. In
the year 1956, the Massanjore Dam was constructed across Mayurakshi river at the
Dumka district in Jharkhand state. Tilpara barrage was constructed across the river
in the Birbhum District of West Bengal. The annual rainfall of the catchment varies
between 957 to 1455 mm, as analyzed from the data collected for the study with the
exception of more than 2400 mm for the year 2000.