691
Table 3 (continued)
Sr.
no.
Raw
material
Microorganism/
inoculum
Parameters
Results
References
6. Water
hyacinth
(leaves,
stem and
roots)
Banana
peels
Cow dung
Water hyacinth
pre-treatment:
Temperature,
90 °C
Time, 1 h
Anaerobic
co-digestion:
Time, 50 days
Leaves/stem/roots
ratio, 13:69:45
Mixing ratio,
1–2.5
F/M ratio, 1
Inoculum, 50 g
Biogas production:
(1) 170 ± 10 mL for
untreated water hyacinth
with optimum mixing
ratio of 2 on the 16th day
(2) 197 ± 10 mL for
pre-treated water hyacinth
with mixing ratio of 1.5
on the 11th day
Barua et al.
[27]
7. Water
hyacinth
Cow dung
Leaves/stem/root
ratio 13:69:45
Microbial
pre-treatment:
Dose, 10
9  CFU/
mL
Time, 4 days
Anaerobic
treatment:
Time, 50 days
Food/
microorganism
(F/M) ratio,
0.5–2.5
Cow dung, 50 g
Biogas production,
156 ± 11 mL CH 4 /g VS
(volatile solids)
for F/M ratio 1.5
Barua and
Kalamdhad
[66]
8. Water
hyacinth
and
minimal
salt media
(MSM)
Cow dung
Leaves/stem/root
ratio, 13:69:45
Microbial
pre-treatment:
Dose, 10
8 –
10
10
 CFU/mL
Time, 4 days
Anaerobic
treatment:
F/M ratio, 1.5
Time, 80 days
Pre-treatment with
microbe:
Cumulative biogas
production, 3737 ± 21 mL
using in 50 days and
microorganism dose of
10
9
Without pre-treatment:
Cumulative biogas
production, 3038 ± 21 mL
in 50 days
Barua et al.
[67]
(continued)
Waste Valorization of Water Hyacinth Using Biorefinery Approach: A Sustainable Route