499
93. Shen L, Yin H, Wang A, Feng Y, Shen Y, Wu Z, Jiang T (2012) Liquid phase dehydration
of glycerol to acrolein catalyzed by silicotungstic, phosphotungstic, and phosphomolybdic
acids. Chem Eng J 180:277–283
94. Akizuki M, Oshima Y (2012) Kinetics of glycerol dehydration with WO 3 /TiO 2 in supercritical water. Ind Eng Chem Res 51:12253–12257
95. Foo GS, Wei D, Sholl DS, Sievers C (2014) Role of Lewis and Brønsted acid sites in the
dehydration of glycerol over Niobia. ACS Catal 4:3180–3192
96. Yun D, Yun YS, Kim TY, Park H, Lee JM, Han JW, Yi J (2016) Mechanistic study of glycerol
dehydration on Brønsted acidic amorphous aluminosilicate. J Catal 2016(341):33–43
97. Chai S, Wang H, Liang Y, Xu B (2007) Sustainable production of acrolein: investigation of
solid acid–base catalysts for gas-phase dehydration of glycerol. Green Chem 9:1130–1136
98. Chai S, Tao L, Yan B, Vedrine JC, Xu B (2014) Sustainable production of acrolein: effects
of reaction variables, modifiers doping and ZrO 2 origin on the performance of WO 3 /ZrO 2
catalyst for the gas-phase dehydration of glycerol. RSC Adv 4:4619–4630
99. Ma T, Yun Z, Xu W, Chen L, Li L, Ding J, Shao R (2016) Pd-H 3 PW 12 O 40 /Zr-MCM-41: an efficient catalyst for the sustainable dehydration of glycerol to acrolein. Chem Eng J 4:343–352
100. Aresta M, Dibenedetto A, Nocito F, Pastore C (2006) A study on the carboxylation of glycerol to glycerol carbonate with carbon dioxide: the role of the catalyst, solvent and reaction
conditions. J Mol Catal A Chem 257:149–153
101. George J, Patel Y, Pillai SM, Munshi P (2009) Methanol assisted selective formation of
1,2-glycerol carbonate from glycerol and carbon dioxide using
n Bu 2 SnO as a catalyst. J Mol
Catal A Chem 304:1–7
102. Gómez-Jiménez-Aberasturi O, OchoaGómez JR, Pesquera-Rodríguez A, Ramírez-López
C, Alonso-Vicario A, Torrecilla-Soria J (2010) Solvent-free synthesis of glycerol carbonate
and glycidol from 3-chloro-1,2-propanediol and potassium (hydrogen) carbonate. J Chem
Technol Biotechnol 85:1663–1670
103. Ochoa-Gómez JR, Gómez-Jiménez-Aberasturi O, Ramírez-López CA, Nieto-Mestre J,
Maestro-Madurga B, Belsué M (2011) Synthesis of glycerol carbonate from 3-chloro- 1,2propanediol and carbon dioxide using triethylamine as both solvent and CO2 fixation–activation agent. Chem Eng J 175:505–511
104. Aresta M, Dibenedetto A, Pastore C (2006) Direct carboxylation of alcohols to organic carbonates: comparison of the group 5 element alkoxides catalytic activity: an insight into the
reaction mechanism and its key steps. Catal Today 115:88–94
105. Li J, Wang T (2011) Chemical equilibrium of glycerol carbonate synthesis from glycerol. J
Chem Thermodyn 43:731–736
106. Behr A, Eilting J, Irawadi K, Leschinski J, Lindner F (2008) Improved utilisation of renewable resources: new important derivatives of glycerol. Green Chem 10:13–30
107. Ochoa-Gómez JR, Gómez-Jiménez-Aberasturi O, Ramírez-López C, Belsué M (2012) A
brief review on industrial alternatives for the manufacturing of glycerol carbonate, a green
chemical. Org Process Res Dev 16:389–399
108. Takagaki A, Iwatani K, Nishimura S, Ebitani K (2010) Synthesis of glycerol carbonate from
glycerol and dialkyl carbonates using hydrotalcite as a reusable heterogeneous base catalyst.
Green Chem 12:578–581
109. Malyaadri M, Jagadeeswaraiah K, Prasad PSS, Lingaiah N (2011) Synthesis of glycerol carbonate by transesterification of glycerol with dimethyl carbonate over Mg/Al/Zr catalysts.
Appl Catal A General 401:153–157
110. Bai R, Wang Y, Wang S, Mei F, Li T, Li G (2013) Synthesis of glycerol carbonate from glycerol and dimethyl carbonate catalysed by NaOH/γ-Al2O3. Fuel Process Technol 106:209–214
111. Liu P, Derchi M, Hensen EJM (2014) Promotional effect of transition metal doping on the
basicity and activity of calcined hydrotalcite catalysts for glycerol carbonate synthesis. Appl
Catal B Environ 144:135–143
Catalytic Conversion of Biomass-Derived Glycerol to Value-Added Chemicals
93. Shen L, Yin H, Wang A, Feng Y, Shen Y, Wu Z, Jiang T (2012) Liquid phase dehydration
of glycerol to acrolein catalyzed by silicotungstic, phosphotungstic, and phosphomolybdic
acids. Chem Eng J 180:277–283
94. Akizuki M, Oshima Y (2012) Kinetics of glycerol dehydration with WO 3 /TiO 2 in supercritical water. Ind Eng Chem Res 51:12253–12257
95. Foo GS, Wei D, Sholl DS, Sievers C (2014) Role of Lewis and Brønsted acid sites in the
dehydration of glycerol over Niobia. ACS Catal 4:3180–3192
96. Yun D, Yun YS, Kim TY, Park H, Lee JM, Han JW, Yi J (2016) Mechanistic study of glycerol
dehydration on Brønsted acidic amorphous aluminosilicate. J Catal 2016(341):33–43
97. Chai S, Wang H, Liang Y, Xu B (2007) Sustainable production of acrolein: investigation of
solid acid–base catalysts for gas-phase dehydration of glycerol. Green Chem 9:1130–1136
98. Chai S, Tao L, Yan B, Vedrine JC, Xu B (2014) Sustainable production of acrolein: effects
of reaction variables, modifiers doping and ZrO 2 origin on the performance of WO 3 /ZrO 2
catalyst for the gas-phase dehydration of glycerol. RSC Adv 4:4619–4630
99. Ma T, Yun Z, Xu W, Chen L, Li L, Ding J, Shao R (2016) Pd-H 3 PW 12 O 40 /Zr-MCM-41: an efficient catalyst for the sustainable dehydration of glycerol to acrolein. Chem Eng J 4:343–352
100. Aresta M, Dibenedetto A, Nocito F, Pastore C (2006) A study on the carboxylation of glycerol to glycerol carbonate with carbon dioxide: the role of the catalyst, solvent and reaction
conditions. J Mol Catal A Chem 257:149–153
101. George J, Patel Y, Pillai SM, Munshi P (2009) Methanol assisted selective formation of
1,2-glycerol carbonate from glycerol and carbon dioxide using
n Bu 2 SnO as a catalyst. J Mol
Catal A Chem 304:1–7
102. Gómez-Jiménez-Aberasturi O, OchoaGómez JR, Pesquera-Rodríguez A, Ramírez-López
C, Alonso-Vicario A, Torrecilla-Soria J (2010) Solvent-free synthesis of glycerol carbonate
and glycidol from 3-chloro-1,2-propanediol and potassium (hydrogen) carbonate. J Chem
Technol Biotechnol 85:1663–1670
103. Ochoa-Gómez JR, Gómez-Jiménez-Aberasturi O, Ramírez-López CA, Nieto-Mestre J,
Maestro-Madurga B, Belsué M (2011) Synthesis of glycerol carbonate from 3-chloro- 1,2propanediol and carbon dioxide using triethylamine as both solvent and CO2 fixation–activation agent. Chem Eng J 175:505–511
104. Aresta M, Dibenedetto A, Pastore C (2006) Direct carboxylation of alcohols to organic carbonates: comparison of the group 5 element alkoxides catalytic activity: an insight into the
reaction mechanism and its key steps. Catal Today 115:88–94
105. Li J, Wang T (2011) Chemical equilibrium of glycerol carbonate synthesis from glycerol. J
Chem Thermodyn 43:731–736
106. Behr A, Eilting J, Irawadi K, Leschinski J, Lindner F (2008) Improved utilisation of renewable resources: new important derivatives of glycerol. Green Chem 10:13–30
107. Ochoa-Gómez JR, Gómez-Jiménez-Aberasturi O, Ramírez-López C, Belsué M (2012) A
brief review on industrial alternatives for the manufacturing of glycerol carbonate, a green
chemical. Org Process Res Dev 16:389–399
108. Takagaki A, Iwatani K, Nishimura S, Ebitani K (2010) Synthesis of glycerol carbonate from
glycerol and dialkyl carbonates using hydrotalcite as a reusable heterogeneous base catalyst.
Green Chem 12:578–581
109. Malyaadri M, Jagadeeswaraiah K, Prasad PSS, Lingaiah N (2011) Synthesis of glycerol carbonate by transesterification of glycerol with dimethyl carbonate over Mg/Al/Zr catalysts.
Appl Catal A General 401:153–157
110. Bai R, Wang Y, Wang S, Mei F, Li T, Li G (2013) Synthesis of glycerol carbonate from glycerol and dimethyl carbonate catalysed by NaOH/γ-Al2O3. Fuel Process Technol 106:209–214
111. Liu P, Derchi M, Hensen EJM (2014) Promotional effect of transition metal doping on the
basicity and activity of calcined hydrotalcite catalysts for glycerol carbonate synthesis. Appl
Catal B Environ 144:135–143
Catalytic Conversion of Biomass-Derived Glycerol to Value-Added Chemicals