390
Developments along this direction show alkyl carboxamides, having electronwithdrawing N-aryl groups, can be fluorinated, brominated, as well as iodinated at
β-C(sp
3
)–H bonds using palladium/electron-rich ligand systems. It is worth mentioning that the presence of a more acidic α-proton decreases the Thorpe–Ingold
Scheme 8 Proposed
catalytic cycle for the
β-amination of
monodentate carboxamides
Scheme 9 Pd-catalyzed
β-borylation of carboxylic
acid amides
A. Gupta et al.